Sezvo kamwe akati guru muzivi wokuGermany Fridrih Nitsshe, "zvose zviri hama". Zvechokwadi, vanhu ane hombe zvakawanda zvinhu uye mabasa. Vanhu makwikwi mumwe, sarudza shamwari dzavo uye neshamwari kuti upenyu hwemhuri. Naizvozvo mupfungwa taigara chinhu kuenzanisa mumwe. Uye kuti akazvinyorawo kunyora, tinoshandisa nokwenzvimbo zvikamu kutaura kuti anoratidza unhu zvinhu, zviratidzo kana zvimwe zviito. Kuti vaite izvi, uye pane inosiyana kuenzanisa adverbs uye adjectives, apo kodzero dzidzo uye tichakurukurei munyaya ino.
Morphology
Dudzirachiito - iri yakazvimirira mukukurukurirana, izvo zvinogona anomiririra chiratidzo chiito (kumhanya sezvo - kutsanya ;? Verenga sei? - nokungwarira), Signs zviratidzo (yakavhenekerwa akafanana - inopenya ;? Strong se -? Zvakawanda), Uye zvisingawanzoitiki zviitiko, akabatana pedo vamwe emazita, chinhu chinokosha (vachiri chaizvo mwana, kuverenga zvinonzwika). The vaitaura kazhinji riri pedyo verbs, adjectives nezvimwe adverbs, kuridza basa ezvinhu, uye kana Kuva pazita, ivo tsanangudzo. Madhigirii nezvemuenzaniso adverbs ataure musiyano kana nhamba zviito akawanda kana kupfuura features, allocating mumwe maviri kana mumwe wavo zvose. Uye nekuti nemitemo inotungamirwa uye kushandisa pfungwa dziri rakafanana adjectives, ipapo nemusoro ari dura.
Mashoko api angashandiswa
Inosiyana kuenzanisa adverbs zvinogona kuumbwa chete kubudikidza vamiririri chikamu chino rwokutaura, chokuita zvose Qualitative uye attributive, t. E. Unoratidzwa sechinhu chinokosha kana chiito. Somuenzaniso: kuenda kutsanya, kundorwa noumhare, kuti rudo nounyoro, chichipenya inopenya zviedza. Kuti nokukurumidza kunzwisisa, unogona kurangarira nzira nyore: ukuru kuenzanisa chete inoumbwa ne tumitauro, iyo inogona nehasha ikava adjectives. Fast - kutsanya, akashinga - akashinga, vanyoro - munyoro, inopenya - inopenya, etc. With dzimwe adverbs nguva (uchinonoka), nzvimbo (kure mberi), anoita (involuntarily, mune hasha), zvinangwa (mu jest, pamusoro chinangwa .. ), chiyero uye dhigirii (zvizhinji, zvishoma), nzira chiito (vachifamba, wakatsamwa) kuita kudaro zvakajeka hazviiti. Izvi zvinoitika nokuti chete adverbs Qualitative vakanga inoumbwa chete iyeye adjectives nokubvisa kuvhara uye VaGumbo suffix "-o".
taura pfungwa
Izvi zvinoreva ngozi kuti kukanganisa panoongororwa zvikamu kutaura. Kureva, pfupi siyana adjectives nyore kuvhiringidzwa Qualitative adverbs. Somuenzaniso, funga zvirevo zviviri nyore: "Hazvina kusetsa majee" uye "Hongu, ndizvo anosetsa." Muchiitiko chokutanga zvinoreva dudzirachiito, sezvo chokuita rechiito (Predicate) rinoreva chiratidzo chiito ichi, saka anopindura kuti "sei" uye riri chinhu. In chirevo wechipiri, shoko "mukuru" ari pfupi chimiro chipauro, hunotsigirwa imwe chisazitasingwi (nyaya), anotaura nyaya chepfuma inopindura mubvunzo "chii?" Uye kunosimbisa sei Predicate. Naizvozvo, kuti kusiyanisa izvi zvikamu zviviri rwokutaura mumutsetse, apa kuongorora dambudziko zvakafanira kuti shoko, uye ipapo zvose zvichava zvakajeka.
How kuumba okufananidza chakafanana dudzirachiito
Pane imwe mukana yakakanganiswa kuvhiringidzika. Dambudziko ndechokuti hama chimiro dhigirii adverbs kuenzanisa anogadzirwa saizvozvo sezvakunoitwa adjectives, t. E. By VaGumbo suffix "e, -s, raro, ndivo, -zhe" kumusoro, dzimwe nguva vaine truncated kana kutsiviwa okupedzisira tsamba, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko dzakachinja ne yose neshoko. Somuenzaniso, "kure - iri pedyo - pedyo, akanaka - vakanaka / yakanaka / akanaka, zvakanaka - nani duku - zvishoma". Sezvo paumbwe nyore (chakaita zvokugadzirwa) zvinoumba inosiyana kuenzanisa adverbs, tafura kuchasanganisira nayo nechepasi wokutanga mbiru, uye kuti zviri akafanana kune chipauro mundima. Zvakare kutora vaitaura maviri semuenzaniso: "Iye akasimuka" uye "mukomana uyu yepamusorosoro." Zvinodawo ongororo: mumutsetse wokutanga, chiri dudzirachiito, rinoreva Predicate, chiratidzo chiito, anopindura mubvunzo "sei?", Uye muenzaniso wechipiri - the chipauro. Chimwe chimiro fananidzo dhigirii (chikamu / Analytical) panguva idzi dzakasiyana-siyana kutaura, kunyange zvakafanana kuumbwa nokuwedzera ebetsero neshoko "zvimwe" kana "zvishoma pane". Somuenzaniso, imwe "yepamusoro" uye "shoma pedyo" kubva adjectives "yepamusoro" uye "shoma pedyo" nendimi.
Sei Form nani chimiro
Adverbs mu okufananidza dhigirii kuratidza kuti shoko iri kuita / chizenga runotaurwa zvikuru maitiro kupfuura rumwe. Uyezve, pane chimwe chimiro, unonzi "kugonesesa". It rinozivisa chiito / kusaina zvose kutaura nayo chepamusoro dhigirii nezvemuenzaniso adverbs, uye chakaumbwa nokuwedzera ebetsero neshoko "zvose" (a chinoumba), kana kuti suffix "-eyshe, -ayshe" (nyore). Last unhu chete mamwe mashoko, kunyanya zvisingachashandi (nokuzvininipisa, nokuzvininipisa), uye saka anenge hariwaniki mabhuku mumutauro weRussia. Asi akashandisa chinoumba zvinoumba inosiyana kuenzanisa adverbs. Kurovedza uye mienzaniso zvinokwanisika kukwira chero mashoko: kusvetuka kupfuura zvose, kuva zvishoma pane zvose, zvinopfuura zvose, kuita zvakanakisisa, uye zvichingodaro ..