Goncharov, "An Zvavo Story": pfupiso uye nenhoroondo

Gumi. Ndizvo chaizvo kana zvishoma? Makore gumi pashure bhuku rake Pushkin itsva mundima "Eugene Onegin" by Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov ndakasarudza kuchinja kuti "nguva gamba." Iye akabata pfungwa kunechekuita ake zera uye akaziva kuti pfungwa idzi uye kufunga zvaiva kudurura papepa ...

New Era ... New vatambi

Upenyu nokukurumidza. Nyika yachinja ... chakakurudzira munyori kuti uongorore zvakare modernity Pushkin afa, akanga chidhori hwake. rufu rwake vachingochema "rufu mai vake." New bhuku mimba Goncharov muduku. "Zvavo Story" - paiya inonzi yokufungidzira wokutanga nevanyori. The pfungwa yakanga chikuru, uye zvakanga zvakaoma kuti kurerutsa. Chinangwa, kuti yokufungidzira itsva mabhuku makuru Russian pamusoro XIX remakore kwave vakati, rakatevera pashure Pushkin uye Lermontov! Ivan Aleksandrovich, kushanda mubhuku, akaratidza kunzwisisa zvakakodzera, ichipa kwenyu zvakasikwa mberi nyaya, pfungwa uye kunetsana maonero. Munyori vaifunga kuti anogona kuvazve Eugene Onegin, "murume okushamisira" munyika yekwake, kuratidza zviri pakukura. Kwete kuita zvakanga uye Pechorin.

About vanhu nokuumbwa itsva ndakazvipira kunyora yokufungidzira "Zvavo Story" Goncharov. History of shanduka basa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti yaiva yokutanga Roman Goncharova. Asati bhuku, iye akariverenga mumhuri Maikova. Zvadaro akatanga kuchinja aronga Valerianom Maykovym. Uye chete kana chigadzirwa nechido kweBhaibheri Belinsky, Ivan yokufungidzira yenyu rakabudiswa. Vomunguva, rakafuridzirwa nemashoko Russian mabhuku mutsoropodzi №1 (Belinsky), achida kutenga idzva bhuku chete akanyorwa pabutiro "chevaumbi" Zvavo Story. "

Pfupiso zvitsauko zviri kuonana nyaya rinorondedzerwa itsva marongerwo dzine zvikamu zviviri, uye ane epilogue.

patani

bhuku rake idzva, munyori inoita vakasarudza kutanga kunyange mu "nyika Pushkin," kureva, ari chaiwo zita, iyo ushe Local vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata uye kupedzisa ane kare akatanga "nyika itsva" - Bourgeois: .. Pakati Breeders uye careerists. Goncharov aigona tsanangura izvi socio-tsika mbiri hurongwa, anotevedzana maviri nzendo kukura Russian munzanga. Ona kuti kushandisa kwake urongwa mabasa, abatsira zvikuru mabhuku munyika akaita Goncharov. "Zvavo Story" aita akasiyana-siyana wongororo. Zvisinei, vose vatsoropodzi vakabvumirana chimwe chinhu: kuti yokufungidzira yakakodzera, Zvisinei, zvakakodzera. Panzira, mukufamba basa achinyora pamuviri Ivan Goncharov akagadzira inonakidza pfungwa yokuti zvose Russian muiti wechokwadi enganonyorwa zviri XIX remakore dzomuShoko Roman Pushkina.

Rooks kubva munda muSt Petersburg

Chikamu basa rake aine chibhende chiitiko rokutanga anotanga narrate Ivan Goncharov. "Zvavo Story" kunotanga Kuramba mumwe protagonists, Aleksandrom Fedorovichem Aduevym, mwanakomana murombo omunharaunda noblewoman Anna Pavlovna Adueva, ake mhuri kuchamuka Rooks. Munda anobata nyonganyonga: mai avhiringidza rudo anounganidza mwana wake ... chiitiko ichi uye anobaya uye chibhende.

Muverengi panguva imweyo anokwanisa kuchengeta hwokufananidzira mufananidzo ane unreformed Russia: serfdom akatendeuka yagara matunhu (mumutauro zvapedzisira Romana Goncharova) mu "hope". Kunyange zvazvo pane "chipimo wako": "asati kwemasikati" uye "masikati," uye mwaka takatsunga kweminda basa.

Makore makumi maviri Alexander anoenda valet Evseev, izvo ushers kushumira tenzi muduku Agrippina. The Rooks akaramba mai, hanzvadzi, Sonia murudo naye. Pazuva rokutanga kuenda Alexander vakamhanya kuti makumi matanhatu kwemakiromita Pospelov shamwari kuti Vanombundirana akaonekana navo.

Manyorero mharidzo rakasiyana kwese nguva yake kunyora mabhuku Roman Goncharov. "Zvavo Story" vatambi kuti sokuti kutaurwa dzose weboka nyaya aingovawo munhu, kwete sezvinoita mabhuku basa (yokufungidzira hazvirevi muchidimbu). Zviri bhuku anoronga hachiratidzi kuti munyori, uye meditator, shamwari, akararama zviitiko zvinorondedzerwa.

About kurudziro Adueva

In mhuri yake kuchamuka, Alexander kunge vatora nzvimbo. Kudai akanga akagara Rooks, ramangwana upenyu mungafara Chokwadi, nemicheka rakapera. The zvakanaka yawo akayera vakaungana kukohwa, haana kushanda nesimba. Young tenzi rwoga kumbotamba rakaratidzwa mumagariro kubudirira munharaunda iyi. Zvisinei, ichi mufananidzo chaiko - young womunda - iri tsitsi munyori Goncharov. "Zvavo Story" saka mune tsanangudzo yacho ine ndyaringo yakanaka ... Chii kunokwezva naye St. Petersburg? Akanyora nhetembo uye kuedza ruoko rwake prose, zviroto yokubwinya. Vari nemhepo nokurota. Chinhu anoyeuchidza yokuchengetera zvinhu ake Lermontov Lena: mano, dzakakwirira nokuzviremekedza ...

Chii chakaita kuti nhano yakaipa kudaro? Chokutanga, verenga French enganonyorwa. Munyori anotaura navo ake rondedzero. Izvi "shagreen" Balzac, "netsamba aDhiyabhorosi" Soulier, uyewo dzakakurumbira "sipo Ngano", zvakazara pakati XIX remakore Europe uye Russia: «Les Sept péchés capitaux», «Le manuscrit vert», «L'Ane mort».

Chokwadi kuti Alexander Aduev zvechokwadi woga kunyengedzwa uye wakanaka nemaonero upenyu, akatorwa kubva enganonyorwa, zvinoratidza Ivan Goncharov. "Zvavo Story" iri Zvikamu slovoizyasneny Alexander rine mashoko kubva enganonyorwa "Green Mupumburu" (G. Drouin), "Atar-keltainen" (E. Sue) ... With zvishoma kusuruvara munyori enumerates zvose mabhuku vari "kurwara" pachake achiri muduku. Ipapo munyori anonyora nezvebasa rake kuti akaratidza nayo "pachavo uye vamwe saizvozvo," zvichiita kuti chando, nesimba, yemakwikwi Petersburg (a nzvimbo "kuti basa") kubva "vanaamai vakanaka".

Pfungwa yokufungidzira ndizvo: Pfungwa kunetsana

Asi ngatidzokerei zvakare kuti yokufungidzira ... Chechipiri, Alexander vakauya kuguta riri Neva muenzaniso babamunini vake, Peter Adueva, namanomwe apfuura, akabva mudunhu St. Petersburg uye "akawana nzira yake." It akabvumira nemaonero kupesana rataurwa vatambi uye akanyora Roman Goncharov. "Zvavo Story" - haisi yakasiyana maonero upenyu vanhu vaviri, mweya uyu zvenguva.

Pfupiso bhuku, saka kunoratidzwa achisiyanisa nyika mbiri. Mumwe - uchinakidzwa, revatongi, vasine usimbe uye mumwe - rinoshanda, vakazadzwa noruzivo basa raida kuti "zvechokwadi." Zvinofanira kuzivikanwa kuti munyori Ivan Goncharov akakwanisa kuchengeta uye kupfeka chakaratidzwa kuvaverengera hwepachena ndechimwe mikuru anoitika 40-ies ari XIX remakore: pakati yemadzitateguru barshchina uye hwava bhizimisi upenyu. Vanoratidza maitiro zviri kwenzanga itsva: kuremekedza basa, rationality, professionalism, mutoro mugumisiro basa ravo, kuremekedza kubudirira, rationality, kuranga.

Asvika muzukuru wake

Sei nokusvika muzukuru Petersburg kuti babamunini? Nokuti iye, zvakanga zvakafanana bhaudhi kubva rwebhuruu. He achiita. Zvechokwadi, pamapfudzi ake, kuwedzera kune dzose zvavanotyira, tsamba mwanasikana Anna Pavlovna (amai Alexander) nokushayiwa mano akapa kuchengeta infantile uye akanyanya vaneshungu uye nechido mwanakomana. Vazhinji vakadaro mifananidzo pave Roman ichi chibhende Goncharov. "Zvavo Story", pfupiso iyo ratinoparidza munyaya ino chengeta kuverenga tsamba yakanyorwa Mother Adueva pasina nyora uye akatuma pamwe "kadochkoy uchi" uye musaga "mahabhurosi akaomeswa." Hunosanganisira chikumbiro hwomubereki "kwete akapamba" mwanakomana wake uye murinde naye. Pavlova akanga kuudzwa kuti mari aizopa mwanakomana wake pachake. Uyezve, tsamba ine vanopfuura gumi nevaviri zvikumbiro kubva kuvavakidzani vaimuziva makumi maviri mukomana asati kuenda kuna St. Petersburg, kubva muchikepe chikumbiro, mu litigation kuti uchidanana ndangariro akwegura shamwari yake zvakavhiringidza kamwe yellows. Sekuru vakanga kuverenga tsamba, uye kwete zvokudya mwoyo kutyira womunun'una wake, akasarudza kupa kwaari rakabatanidzwawo, kutungamirirwa "mitemo nokururamisira uye chikonzero."

Help Adueva Sr.

Peter Ivanovich, zvinobudirira tichibatanidza rinoitirwa pamwe zvoupfumi basa (panguva iyoyo iye mwene), mukusiyana kuna womunun'una wake anogara yakasiyana zvachose, bhizimisi, nyika "pakaoma". Anoziva kusabatsira tichitarisa pfungwa panyika basa mwana womukoma wake, uye kuti inoratidza mubhuku rake rinonzi Goncharov ( "Zvavo Story"). A pepfupikiso Pfungwa musazonetsanazve haangavi kutsanangura, asi chete kuti ndicho mukukunda zvinhu zvenyika.

Petro yakaoma uye kusununguka inozviita muzukuru accustom kune dzomumaguta upenyu. Iye anoshongedza wechiduku ane pekugara, rubatsiro kuti kurenda mufurati mumba kwaanogara. Aduev Sr. Alexander anoudza sei kuronga upenyu hwako, apo kudya nani. Sekuru haagoni mhosva kuregeredza. Ari kutsvaka womunun'una wake basa zvakafanana mafungiro ake: shanduro nyaya panhau zvokurima.

Social kwadzakabva Alexander

Of Petersburg mabhizimisi upenyu zvishoma nezvishoma it jaya. Pashure pemakore maviri akanga atova anopindura nzvimbo vakakurumbira kuzivisa imba kwete chete shanduro nyaya, asi dzinounzwa, rokuverenga zvaiva zvashandurwa nyaya vamwe vanhu, anonyora panhau zvokurima. Kuti udzidze kuti magariro wezwi Adueva Jr., inotiudza iri yokufungidzira Goncharov. "Zvavo Story", pfupiso zvatiri kufunga, riri pamusoro jaya chakaitika kuchinja: kugamuchirwa mukuru-bureaucratic paradigm.

Mwoyo norudo uye shamwari

Alexander ane rudo itsva, Nadia Lyubetskaya. Sonia kubva Rooks kare akakandwa mumwoyo. Alexander mwoyo murudo Nadya, iye anorota nayo nekuchenjera ... musikana iye anoda Count Novinsky. Young Aduev chose achirasikirwa musoro wake kutsva, anoda kuzodana Count kuti duel. Yakadaro kuputika kuti kuchiva havagoni kubata kunyange babamukuru. Panguva iyi, kuti yokufungidzira otaura kuchikosha nuance Ivan Goncharov. "Zvavo Story" rinotaura kuti dzorudo ari ngozi dambudziko (zvichida ngozi kuzviuraya) kunobatsira mumwe uchidanana - mukadzi Peter Ivanovich, Tete Alexandra, Lizaveta Alexandrovna. The Jaya haasi kupenga, akanga ashanyirwa hope, asi iye haana basa zvakamupoteredza. Zvisinei, zvino ari kumirira itsva nokurohwa wematambudziko.

Netsaona muSt Petersburg musi Nevsky Prospekt anoona shamwari youduku Pospelov. Alexander rakafadza: Well pakupedzisira akazviratidza parutivi uyo unogona nguva dzose kuwana rutsigiro uyo ropa hakusi muchitonhorera ... asi mumwe nomumwe ndiro chete chitarisiko, hunhu hwake kwave kuchiita kuchinja, rakava unpleasantly mari uye pakuverenga.

Sekuru vakanyengetedza muzukuru wake

Alexander akaora mwoyo morale zvakazara, sezvinoratidzwa yokufungidzira "Zvavo Story". Zvisinei, vaumbi, ipapo rinotiudza sei kunyengetedza vechiduku Adueva anounza kuupenyu sekuru vake. Iye pragmatic uye zvakaoma-muzukuru anodzokera zviri muupenyu, kutanga vachimupomera mhosva akaoma mwoyo. Alexander anobvumirana nemashoko Peter Ivanovich kuti inofanira kukosheswa kupfuura vaya vanomuda uye hanya naye munyika chaiyo (mai, babamunini, tete) uye zvishoma ichikwira kufungidzira munyika. Aduev Sr. successively anopedzisa muzukuru kuti pragmatic. Nokuti nguva dzose, danho nedanho (Mvura inochera ibwe) Zvinonzwisisika kuongorora ose chido uye chando Adueva mudiki tichitarisa zvakaitika vamwe vanhu.

Pakupedzisira, muna Mukurwa wayo Romanticism muzukuru Peter Ivanovich anoshanda ane mutsindo nokurova. Akasarudza kuratidza Arekizanda simba chaiye tarenda rake somunhu munyori. Nokuti Aduev ichi Sr. kunyange kuenda zvimwe zvibayiro zvinhu. Achapa muzukuru wake ave kuedza kubudisa nyaya yake muzita rake. Mhinduro yakanga kubudisa Crusher kuti ruzivo vanoda munyori ... Ndipo, nenzira yokufananidzira, bara, pakupedzisira akaiuraya rudo.

Quid aifarira kwakabva

Zvino, muzukuru, sekuru uye taura bhizimisi chete, rurimi yakaoma, kwete kunetsa kuti manzwiro. Nevaitonga mweya akararama Alexander ... VaMunengiwa kubatsira babamunini vake nyaya anonyengera zvakakwana. dambudziko Sekuru: anokubatsira ake, Surkov, wafa kuva akavimbika mudiwa pasi pokudzora chido. Unowira murudo ane chirikadzi Tafaevu Yulia Pavlovna. Aduev Sr. anokumbira muzukuru wake mwoyo Surkov wechiduku mukadzi adanane nawo pachangu kuti Alexander anogona kuitwa. Zvisinei, izvi ndizvo ukama hwake Tafaevoy haana kugumira ipapo, uye kukura yakawiriranwa hasha. Romantic Julia Pavlovna ichindirova wechidiki Adueva mafashamo nepfungwa Alexander haana dzafumurwa rudo.

Psychological mudanga Adueva Jr.

Pyotr Rinotarisira kunyengetedza Tafaevu. Zvisinei, Alexander paunomubata kusakendenga zvakakwana. It converges pamwe Kostikov, izvo akakurudzira Peter Ivanovich. Zviri pamutemo, isina nyika chero pakunamata uye fungidziro. dambudziko rake - kutandara "kuridza checkered kana hove" kurarama pasina "manzwiro." Mumwe tete Lizaveta Alexandrovna, kuedza kumutsa hanya yose Alexander, omukumbira kuenda konzati.

Pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu akanzwa mumhanzi gitare dzorudo Alexander anosarudza kurega uye kudzokera kumusha duku, munyika Rooks. Anouya kumba yake kuchamuka aine muranda akatendeka Yevseyev.

Short kuwana kwavanozviita

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kudzoka "Petersburger" Aduev Jr. kare zvakasiyana, kwete kweuduku anoona rine runyararo nzira muridzi upfumi. Iye anoona rinorema uye kugara murimi mudiki basa, amai kugara hanya. Alexander anotanga creatively uongorore zvakare kuti vazhinji vavo rinoshandurwa pamusoro zvokurima rokubudisa imba kubva tsika, uye rakundwa kuverenga mabhuku nenyanzvi.

Pavlova zvinosiririsa kuti mweya mwanakomana chakarasikirwa aimbova kushingaira, uye akanga nemhazha, stouter kuti ikamedza whirlpool roupenyu Petersburg. Mama inotarisira kuti kugara mumba akarasika mwanakomana anodzoka, asi asingaiti kumirira - anofa. Nokuti chikuru hunhu yokufungidzira, ane mweya akanatswa kutambura kunobva kunzwisisa tsika kutenda kwechokwadi kwechokwadi. Zvisinei, pamusoro pamwero zvokunamata ichi anofanira kuramba asina kwenguva. Alexander akadzokera St. Petersburg.

Chii "vanhuwo" nyaya?

Kubva epilogue tinodzidza kuti Aduev Jr. anova chipangamazano collegiate, aiva mari nani guru, uye ari kuenda aroore akapfuma mukadzi (roora mwenga uripo hongu zviri mazana mashanu serfs zviuru mazana matatu) mumakore mana.

Mhuri babamukuru akatora pakatarisana chinja. Aduev Sr. rinouya pachena Chipangamazano chaVa, izvo kunotozongoita achisunda ake zvebhizimisi. Zvechokwadi, upenyu hwake hwose akanga akaisa kuti basa, mabhizimisi, basa zvachose. Nokuda mari zvido akasiya zvachose unhu hwake, vakachinja amene kuva chikamu chete muchina.

Elizabeth A. yakarasikirwa dzorudo kwayo, vachiva wakadzikama mudzimai. Zviri pakuguma iri yokufungidzira yazova "musha mudziyo kupa nyaradzo," havatsvaki mudzimai manzwiro, zvinodzinetsa uye mibvunzo. Goncharov rinoratidza zvakajeka kuti mutsva Bourgeois nzanga, sezvo yemadzitateguru uye feudal, anogona kuparadza womukadzi unhu. metamorphosis ichi pakarepo anetseka Pyotr, uyo anoda kurega basa rake uye siya ruvazhe gurukota nomukadzi guru. Ari epilogue mubhuku vapandukira vanhu, nemunhu ane kufarira iri yose yokufungidzira.

Cherechedza: musapotse mamiriro ezvinhu yokufungidzira

• Pane chiitiko umo zvinogona kuonekwa chaizvo nemafungiro Pushkin Goncharova. Achangosvika muSt Petersburg Alexander Aduev anoenda Bronze webhiza (mumwe kufarira nzvimbo Aleksandrom Sergeevichem).
• Very uchidanana akasika Goncharov mufananidzo zhizha Petersburg, Neva, rondedzero White nousiku ... zvidimbu izvi ounyanzvi mukuru-mugiredhi pamusoro yokufungidzira munyori wacho. Vanofanira kunyange nguva nenguva mudzokorore. Goncharov - Maestro!

mhedziso

Typical ayo nguva muitiro unoratidzwa muna Goncharov kuti yokufungidzira. "Zvavo Story" anoongorora nhoroondo nderechokwadi uye inoratidza kuti zviri 40-ies zviri XIX remakore ratanga, uye muna 60 wacho kwakanyanyisa mutsika nevanokudzwa urombo uye vanhuwo zvavo munyika Petersburg, vachida kuti basa uye nzvimbo nenyanzvi. Zvakakosha, munoona, kwaiva tsika chinotaurwa. Nokuda chii akadzinga jaya kushumira Yababa, kana kungoti kuita basa zvodii?

Zvisinei, kunze rokuti dambudziko, Roman Goncharova ane pachena hwokudhirowa ukoshi. It chinoratidza kutanga kwezvisikwa shona ndebele Russian detailed mufananidzo chokwadi vakavapoteredza. In ake nyaya, "Zviri nani mukupera pane kumbobvira," Ivan Goncharov akataura vaverengi (izvo, zvinosuruvarisa haana kuita chinhu Dob kana Belinsky), kuti vatatu enganonyorwa ake, okutanga raiva "A Common Story" Chokwadi, ndivo chete trilogy pamusoro yaitonga munyika rakakura kurara uye kutsinzina. Saka, tinogona kutaura kuti munhu RUBATSIRO RUNOTARISA mabhuku kutenderera enganonyorwa zvitatu nguva yake akasika Goncharov ( "Oblomov", "Open", "Zvavo Story").