Gloxinia: kutarisira sei kumba?

Iyo yakajeka uye inovaraidza, iri duva rinopfekedza mukati rose uye rinoratidzwa nevakadzi vakawanda veimba. Is capricious gloxinia here? Nzira yekuchengetedza sei, saka iye achida kubhururuka? Nhamba dzakadaro dzinofadza kune vese vatsva vanogadzirwa, kana mbeu yavo inowanikwa pamba pavo. Nhasi tichaedza kupindura mibvunzo yose, kuitira kuti firiji yako sill nguva dzose ive yakashongedzwa nemabhero makuru.

Chii chinonzi gloxinia chinoratidzika?

Iyi duva inonyanya kufarirwa zvokuti iwe uchakurumidza kuona tsanangudzo yaro. Yakazara, semashizha evelvet uye yakakura ye-inflorescence-bell - izvi ndizvo zvakakosha zvechikara chechiguru. Chimwe chinhu chakasiyana ndechokuti maruva anowira mumaruva ose, ayo anopa ruzivo rwakanyanya kumunda. Zvinowanikwa mumasangano ose, kana kwete muimba imwe neimwe, gloxinium inokura. Nzira yekuzvitarisira, vazhinji vanoziva kubva pane zvakaitika kwavari, asi kwete nguva dzose zvakadzika kuti vafunge nezvemunhu mumwechete wemiti yacho.

Zita rechipiri remaruva ndere hybrid syning. Nyika yaro yeBrazil, rainforest, Peru. Icho chinomera chisingaperi chine tuberous chine mavara mashizha, mapepa mapfupi nemaruva akafanana nemaruva-gramophones. Mavara avo akasiyana zvakasiyana, uye mapepa acho akajeka uye ane terera. Izvo nekuda kwezvakasiyana-siyana zvevaflorist havana kumbobvunda gloxinia. Nzira yekuchengetedza nayo, kazhinji inotaurirwa neshamwari kana vatengesi muchitoro, mawatenga maruva ako. Asi iyo inogona kunge isina kukwana, uye mushure mechinguva unoona kuti chimiro chako chekushongedza chinoratidzika zvakasiyana zvachose kupfuura chaunoda.

Zvipenyu zvemuti wacho

Sezvatave tatoona, pane nhamba yakawanda yezvisikwa zvakasiyana nemavara kana mavara emaruva. Asi hazvisi zvose: kune rimwe dixinia yakasiyana muhukuru hwayo. Nzira yekuchengetedza sei micerminiature plant, iyo yakakwirira haina kudarika 4 cm? Uyu mubvunzo unokosha kune vanotanga florists, uye isu tichakurukura zvakare. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinokura muhukuru kubva pa5 kusvika ku12 cm. Idzi ndidzo maruva anowanzoshandiswa mukutarisira. Mhando yechitatu ye compact gloxinium, kubva pa12 kusvika ku25 cm murefu. Uye, pakupedzisira, chimiro, zvose zvinowanzoita runako zvinopfuura 25 cm murefu. Zvose izvi zvisikwa zvine zvimwe zvido zvekutarisirwa, izvo zvatinomira zvino.

Mamiriro ekutanga ekukura ndeyekujekesa kwakanaka

Gloxinia ishamwari zvikuru. Nzira yekutanga kumubvunzo wekutarisira gloxin pamba ndiyo nzvimbo yakakodzera pahwindo. Kureba kwezuva rekuedza kunokosha zvikuru. Kugadzirwa kwakanaka kunofungidzirwa sechiedza chezuva. Inobvumirwa kuichengeta mu penumbra, asi munyaya iyi simiti yakatambanudzwa zvakasimba uye inorasikirwa nekugadzirisa. Iwe unogona kugadzirisa kusimba kwekuvhenekera iwe pachako zvichibva pakuonekwa kwechipfuwo. Kana mashizha ari mumakamuri acho ari horizontally akarongeka, ane mavara akanaka, ane ruvara rwemavara, uye ruvara rwapfupi uye rukuru, zvinoreva kuti kujekesa kwakasarudzwa zvakanaka. Iyi nguva inonyanya kukosha kune chimwe chimiro chechidiki, sezvo soro, rakasvibiswa rosette rinotarisa harina kunaka zvachose. Kushaikwa kwezuva kunogona kuwanika nyore nyore nemashizha akakwidziridzwa. Uyezve, kuwedzerwa kwei-ultraviolet kunobatawo chimiro chisina kunaka. Mashizha anoshanduka echando uye echinyoro sekunge achimbundira pamucheto wehari. Zviratidzo zvakadaro zvinoratidza kuti maruva inofanira kunge yakafuridzirwa.

Yakakwana yekushisa

Kuenderera mberi nekukurukurirana pamusoro pekuchengetedza gloxinia kumba, unofanirwa kucherechedza hurumende yekutonhora. Miti yacho yakasvika kwatiri kubva kumahombekombe, ndiko kuti, haifariri kupisa kwakasimba uye zuva rakananga. Iyo yakawanda inotonhora, inogara mumumvuri we rainforest, iine +20 degrees. Zviratidzo mukati me2 degrees zvinogamuchirwa. Kumunhu mukuru anokura iyo inotsika yekutema hurumende, iyo, nenzira, iyo ndiyo maruva akanaka kwazvo e gloxinia iyo inogogodza kunze. Nzira yekuchengetedza musimu panguva ino, tichatarisa pasi apa, asi ikozvino unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti pamhepo yekushisa yemhepo ye +28 uye pamusoro pemiti yacho inomira ichikura, midzi yacho inoputika, mapfundo haatumbuka, uye maruva haakurumidze kupera. Kuti uchengetedze gloxinia, inofanira kutamirwa kune imwe nzvimbo ine shaded uye inotonhorera. Panguva imwecheteyo, kana kutonhora kuri pasi pezvikamu zviduku zvechidimbu, kukura kwemafuro kuchasimuka, mashizha anotanga kuchinja kana kuchenesa, mapfundo acho anowira, uye midzi inogona kuora.

Zvose izvi ndezvechokwadi kana chiri chimiro chevanhu vakuru, asi kana ukasarudza kukura jaya duku kubva mu tuber, unofanirwa kuva nechokwadi chepamusoro-soro-inenge +25 degrees. Izvi zvinobvumira chipfuwo chepuru kuti chikure nekukurumidza uye kusunungura mutsva.

Kunwisa uye Mvura

Mhepo yakasviba haisi iyo yakafanana nevashambadziri vaenzi, saka zviri nani kuti urege kuvaisa pedyo nepakati yekutisa bheteri. Kana zvisina kudaro iwe uchawana maruva maduku uye akaipa. Gloxinia (nzira yekuzvitarisira nayo munguva yechando, tichaparadzanisa zvakasiyana) inoda mhepo yakanyoro. Kana iwe usingakwanisi kugovera zvakanakisisa mamiriro ayo, mashizha anotanga kutendeuka nekupenya uye kuputika, uye mapfundo acho achawa pasina kutovhura. Kuti zvive nehumwe hutano hwakafanana nemamiriro ekunze anonyanyisa, zvinowanzodiwa kuti udimbure mvura kubva kune tsvina yakapoteredza muti kana, kunyange zviri nani, isa dhi muchiteshi chakazara namabwe akaoma kana kuti akawedzerwa ivhu. Iwe unogonawo kuisa moss of sphagnum muhari , iyo inenge ichinyorwa nemvura panguva yekudiridza nekuchengetedza mhepo yakakodzera. Asi munyaya iyi zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti mashizha haaori kubva pakusangana nemvura inonyorera.

Nokusasa nekudiridza, unofanirwa kushandisa mvura yakachena, ine simba. Usakanganwa kuti mvura haifaniri kuwira pamashizha, hazvibviri kuputira mashizha. Muzhinji, kudiridza kunofanira kuwanda, asi kwakanaka. Pamashizha nemaruva, mvura haigoni kubudiswa, uye inogona kudururirwa mukati meiyo tuber - izvi zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa pamidzi isina simba. Zvakakosha kugovera zvakanyatsonaka mhepo inopa hupenyu kubva kunwa mvura inogona neine tsvina shoma pamusoro penzvimbo yose yehari. Kunyanyisa kunwisa kunogona kutungamirira pakuora kwemidzi, peduncles uye stems.

Kusarudza ivhu nehari

Iwe wakarangarira zvinhu zvinokosha zvekuchengetedza, izvo zvinofanira kuverengwa. Iye zvino ngationei nzira yose yekukura gloxinia, kutanga nekudyara kwevechidiki tuber. Iwe watofungidzira kuti ungatarisira sei gloxinia muhari, inoramba ichisarudzira kusarudza ivhu rakafanira. Chinodiwa chikuru ndechokuti pasi rive rakasununguka uye riine simba-rinokwana. Iwe unogona kushandisa dhaka, ivhu rakagadzirirwa kana musanganiswa webhizha, peat uye jecha. Iwe unogona kushandisa zvimwe zvikamu zvekusarudza kwako, chinhu chikuru ndechokuti ivhu haritoreri, zvakaipa kune mvura. Geza peat hazvikurudzirwi. Izvo zvakanakisisa pH yenyika hazvifaniri kudarika 6.5, pane ivhu rakaoma gloxinium inokura zvakashata. Usati wadyara maruva, zvinokosha kuti urege kuchenesa ivhu, nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemishonga inokosha kana kuti inokonzera potassium permanganate.

Paunosarudza chirongo, sarudza maitiro akareba uye asina kudzika. Muchiitiko ichi, zvinyorwa kubva pane izvo zvinogadzirwa zvinogona kuva chinhu: ivhu, plastiki. Iyo yakawanda yehari yacho haifaniri kuva yakakura kwazvo: kune vechidiki tubers, kune huwandu hunokwana uye hupamhi hwe 7-10 cm, uye nokuda kwekukura kwevanhu vakuru - 11-15 cm.

Kudyara tuber

Iwe une wechidiki gloxinia. Nzira yekunyatsomuchengeta sei iye anoda uye ane ruvara? Tichavhiringidza mubvunzo nemashoko. MunaFebruary naMarch ma tubers akachengetwa muvhareji anotanga kukura. Kana akachengetwa muhari nevhu rekare, inofanira kuwanikwa nekucheneswa kubva mumidzi yegore rapera uye ivhu. Iva nechokwadi kuti umire tuber mune imwe nzira isina simba ye potassium permanganate (izvi hazvitori nguva inopfuura awa). Kana iwe uchida kukura maruva nokukurumidza, saka wowedzera kuidzikisa mukukura stimulator.

Zvadaro, iyo tuber inodyarwa muhari uye inosaswa nevhu. Ino ndiyo nguva yakaoma zvikuru, nokuti inosanganiswa nehuwandu hwehutano. Kazhinji kazhinji tuber inofa panguva ino kubva pakuora, kureva kuti, rufu rwayo runobatanidza nekunyanyisa kunyausa kwevhu. Ichokwadi ndechokutanga kuti chikamu chevhu chinotanga kukura, uye chete ipapo mitsva miviri inoumbwa. Nokudaro, kudiridza kunofanirwa kuva yakarurama kwazvo, zvakanyanyisa pamucheto wehari, kusvikira ivhu rakanyoroveswa.

Nzira yekuchengetedza nekudyisa

Gloksinia mwedzi miviri kusvika ku5-2 mushure mekudyara haafaniri kudyiwa. Panguva ino, nzvimbo yakanakisisa yekuisa mubhodhi muhomwe uye kuiisa muchiedza uye ichidziya (+25 ^о С), asi pasina chiedza chezuva. Zvinokosha! Chimiro chinodikanwa kuva nemhepo yezuva nezuva kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu. Mushure mekuonekwa kwemashizha okutanga, purasi inovhurwa, uye shure kwemazuva 3-4 abviswa. Sezvo tsvina inokura, ivhu rinowedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Kunyange zvazvo chirimwa chiri mubhokisi, hachidi kunwa mvura: ivhu rinoramba rakanyorova uye rakasununguka, midzi inokura nekukurumidza, uye kune vanenge vasina kurasikirwa.

Inenge mwedzi miviri gare gare, yako gloxinia ichave yakagadzirira kudya kwekutanga. Zvingaita kuti ave nehanya naye munguva inoyerera, tichakurukurirana gare gare, asi ikozvino zvakakosha kuita mushonga wekutanga. Iwe unogona kusarudza chero kugadzirira kwemaruva anochera. Inogona kuva "Aethysso" yekudyisa midzi. Cherechedza kuti mhinduro yacho haigoni kuwira pamashizha uye chinangwa chokukura. Kutanga kokutanga kunofanira kuva mineral (iwe unogona kutora "Uniflor Bud" kana "Humate"), asi mushure memavhiki maviri unofanira kudzokorora nzira, asi ne organic organic fertilizer, iyo inowanzoenderana nebindu rinogadzirwa Mullein.

Pamberi pekuonekwa kwekutanga kwemafuro, zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa ne nitrogen fertilizer. Zvinokonzera kushingaira kwekukura kwezvirimwa, asi nehuwandu hwavo, maruva anoputika haasati aumbwa. Nekuuya kwekutanga buds, nitrogen zvigadziridzo zvinotsiviwa ne phosphorus - zvinowedzera maruva. Pakati pemaruva unoda kuita potassium fertilizer uye kutsvaga zvinhu. Chisarudzo chakanaka chichava chirwere "Kemira Lux". Iva nechokwadi chokuti pakati pe subcortex yaive mavhiki maviri.

Nzira yekuchengetedza gloxinia munguva inoyerera

Kana iwe ukatevera zvose zvakakurudzirwa uye ukasimudza michero yakarurama, zvino mushure mokunge mashizha mana emasikati akaumbwa mazai akaiswa. Nhamba yavo inogona kusiyanisa zvikuru - izvi zvinoenderana nehuwandu hweiyo tuber, pamwe nemamiriro ezvinhu ari mukati, kutonhora, humhu uye nekuumbwa kwevhu. Kuchengetedza muti unotumbuka kunosanganisira kudiridza nguva dzose, kuchengetedza kunakidza kwemhepo, uye nguva dzose kuisa mushonga unofanirwa. Bhuku rinoputika rinofanira kuchengetedzwa kubva kunezuva, asi chiedza chinofanira kukwana. Kana ruva iri mumumvuri, zvinodikamwa kuritaridza nguva dzose kune chiedza. Mimwe mavara anokwanisa kuwedzera kaviri, kunyanya kana kudonha kwave kwekutanga. Kukurudzira kubva kwemafuro matsva, muti unotemwa uye unofudzwa. Nguva pfupi mushure meizvi, mitsva itsva inotanga kukura.

Nguva yokuzorora

Kazhinji kacho kazhinji vatangari vemapuraneti vanofarira nzira yekuchengetedza gloxinia mushure mokufamba. Hazvisi zvakaoma sezvazvinogona kuonekwa pakutanga. MunaSeptember-October, kunwisa kunononoka zvishoma nezvishoma, uye mushure mekunge mashizha atanga kuoma, rega zvachose. Kana imwe nzvimbo yepamusoro yepamusoro ichifa, iyo tuber inotonhora uye inonyura muchando, iyo ichagara kwemwedzi 3-4. Iye zvino basa rako nderokupa zvinhu zvakakwana umo gloxinia inogona kudarika. Ndinofanira kutarisira sei muti uyu muchando? Iwe unogona kuisa mubhodhoro ne tuber munzvimbo inotonhorera, kutonhora kunofanira kunge kunenge + 10 degrees. Penguva yose yekuzorora, ivhu rinofanira kuve rakanyoroveswa kuitira kuti midzi irege kuoma. Pane imwe nzira: midzi yakave yakagadzirwa uye yakaiswa mujecha ine mvura, yakachengetwa munzvimbo inotonhorera. Iyi nzira yakakosha nokuti chero nguva iwe unogona kutarisa mamiriro ezve tubers. Ijecha rinogona kunge rakanyorova, uye rinogona kuchengetwa pasi pefiriji.

Kuberekwa kwe gloxinia

Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuwana chimiro chitsva. Iyo yakajeka ndeye kupatsanurwa kwe tuber. Panguva yekusima kwegore, unogona kuparadzanisa mwana mucheche uye unodyara muhari yakasiyana. Chechipiri chisarudzo mbeu yekudyara. Mbeu inofanira kuunganidzwa mushure memaruva, iyo trunk ibhokisi rine mbeu. Kuti uite izvi, tora pepa racho, uye uise bhokisi, bvisai zviduku, seguruva-sembeu. Dzinodyarwa munaFebruary-March. Pazuva 12-14 mbeu inotanga kuomera. Kuchengetedza ndekuchengetedza ushamwari hwakakwana nekunyorova. Anenge mwedzi gare gare, kuunganidza kokutanga kunoitika, mwedzi gare gare mashizha anoiswa mumakapu akasiyana. Mushure menge mwedzi mitanhatu ivo vachamera. Mugore rokutanga rehupenyu, nguva yekuzorora haina kuchengetwa, michero ichakura munguva yechando.

Nzira iri nyore yekubereka nayo ndeyevirusi, kureva, kushandiswa kwemashizha. Munguva yekupenya, imwe kana mashizha akawanda anotemwa kubva kumucheto wezasi we rosette. Zvakanaka chaizvo kana petiole iri pfupi uye yakaoma. Inofanira kubhabhatidzwa mumvura uye yakanyoroveswa kusvika pakuonekwa kwemidzi. Mushure meizvi, kudzvara kwakasimwa muvhu, uye pombi yakafukidzwa nepakiti kusvikira yakadzika midzi. Izvi zvinotora anenge mavhiki matatu, mushure mokunge uchange uine maruva matsva e gloxinia. Nzira yekuchengetedza (mufananidzo unoratidza kuti yakanaka sei chikafu chako cheguru chiri kuzomera) shure kwacho panguva yemiti uye nguva yekuzorora, takatofunga.

Zvirwere zve gloxinia

Kazhinji kacho, vatasvi vanoenda kunotyisa vanorwara nemhaka yekudiridza zvakanyanya. Iyo tubers inotanga kuora, uye simiti yacho inomhanyira yero. Pachikamu chekutanga chechirwere ichi, tuber inogona kuponeswa nekugadzirwa. Pachigarire chekupedzisira tuber inokanganiswa zvachose nekuora, uye inoramba ichingosiyiwa kunze. Chirwere chechirwere chirwere chinowanikwa. Haikwanisi kurapwa, saka simiti inoparadzwa pamwe nenyika.