European pondi hamba.

Hapana chakavanzika nenjiva ichaongororwa chimwe chezvinhu yekare vamiririri fauna of edu, sezvo yava kukwanisa kuchengetedza ayo yepakutanga chitarisiko akanga achiri makore mamiriyoni 200 akapfuura. muviri wake runochengetedzwa dzokurwa. Yokumusoro Chikamu nenjiva kumeso, rima kana miorivhi zvisvundu ruvara, navaduku tsvuku makwapa. Zvigunwe chokuita kushambira membranes. The chikuru chinoratidza nomumachakwi njiva pakuti ane muswe refu, zvakakodzera wekushandisa.

Marsh hamba anogara South uye Central Europe uyewo munzvimbo Asia uye North Africa.

The chikuru dzinogarisana + nomumachakwi nenjiva vari anezvimiti, akafanana navo oxbow nzizi kana yakanyarara rwizi Backwaters. Pakave chokwadi chokuti deveteve hamba zvishoma nezvishoma tenzi hazvizivi reservoirs, kureva, migero uye madziva. Hapana chakavanzika kuti nenjiva vanosarudza ushoma, asi dzimwe nguva havana kugadzirisa munzvimbo idzodzo kuti vari dzinowanzoendwa vanhu.

Kazhinji, European dziva hamba anosarudza inogara nzvimbo reservoirs, ane raiiswa bhengi kana anorovera. Pamusana kwavari, vanogona kubuda mumvura nechinangwa kunovhima kana chete patinodziya mushana, patinoravira. Marsh hamba, sezvo tichienzanisa nyika hamba kunoita zvikuru nokukurumidza uye cherechedzai kana ngozi ipi, pakarepo plunges mumvura zvinogona kuvigwa silt uchapukunyuka zvinomera chero hwemvura. Saka, kuona mhuka dzakadaro matambudziko. Chokwadi, unogona anoiona kana chaizvo chinyararire vanoverevedza kunzvimbo yavo yokugara.

Vamba maonero aiva kuti deveteve hamba anongofunga usiku, asi masikati akanga achangobva basking muzuva. Zvisinei, zvaakacherechedza uye zvidzidzo vakawana kuti usiku iye anofarira kurara pasi pakati rwizi kana dziva, uye masikati akanga akamuka, kuvhima zvose panyika uye mvura.

Fork hamba swims dives makuru uye anogona kugara kwenguva refu pasi mvura. Kana tiri kutaura pamusoro vanoshingaira kufamba, saka inoda ose maviri maminitsi kukwira pamusoro pemvura uye kumedza mhepo. Panguva dziva hamba ndeimwe chinokosha chokushandisa inodiwa kurarama mumvura, kureva, mamwe kufema zvomukati, izvo zvinosanganisira matema mumagaro uye ropa rirambe richibvira outgrowth yacho pharynx. Uye nemhaka zvakaoma nemamiriro chiedza nayo anokwanisa kushandisa okisijeni kunyange chiitiko murombo kufefetedza.

Fork hamba anodya mhuka zvose munyika uye mvura. Mukuwedzera, muna ayo kudya kungasanganisira zvakasiyana zvinomera. With Panyaya mvura pamusoro, uye ipapo iye anobata-siyana invertebrates, zvakadai crustaceans, tumbuyu, molluscs, uye newts, matatya duku kunogona kudya yakuvara hove.

Pamahombekombe ari doro hamba anovhima zvakasiyana notupukanana, makonye, woodlice uye dzemugungwa. Iye haana averse kudya algae uye kumahombekombe zvirimwa. Mukuita okuvhimisa mhuka kukonzera kwete chete chiratidzo, asi kunhuhwidza.

Pashure matsutso-yechando nguva, nenjiva akagadzirira ruchikonzera. Kazhinji, nenjiva rinosvika pabonde pakunamata chete mune rechitanhatu namasere gore upenyu. Pashure deveteve hamba vari refu refu, paavhareji, iye mupenyu kubva manomwe zana maviri nemakore. Kuberekesana anogona kuitwa zvose pamusoro pemvura uye panyika. The hadzi mazai ayo gomba uye inoisa tsoka dzake. Eggs akafanana neshiri, uyewo kuva calcareous nevamwe. Nokuti kukura mazai vanoda vaviri mwedzi. nenjiva Small vakarangana, kuchera burrows that dzavo uye kuramba ikoko kunyange vasati vasvika inotevera kwematsutso. Munguva yose iyi vanogona dzakazara nokuda zvinovaka muviri kuti dziri munzvimbo riye kuti mudumbu.