Engineering kushamiswa kana nhoroondo kuvamba turbines

remakore XII aizivikanwa pakuonekwa wokutanga hwemvura injini. Ndiyo chiitiko apo bhizimisi uye ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu akazviratidza michini michina zvishoma nezvishoma yakatsiva basa kwevanhu. Kukura Bhizimisi haisi akamira. Nhoroondo yose zvayo pakukura kunoratidzwa kutsvaka zvinogadzirisa vavambi yakakomba basa - pakusikwa pore yacho turbine.

Arguably, nhoroondo nokugadzirwa yakatangwa muna turbines XIX remakore kana musayendisiti Swedish Charles Patrick Laval yagadzirwa mukaka separator. Tichitarisa kupedza dambudziko kuwedzera kumhanya mudziyo ichi, Carl akazogadzira hwemvura turbine, iyo yakagadzirirwa mukupera XIX remakore. The turbine vhiri ane chimiro ne mashizha, hwemvura ndege zvinobva nenyere pamusoro pezvinhu vhiri uye chipande untwist. Zvibereko pamusoro hwemvura musayendisiti kunonga siyana ukuru uye chimiro kwenguva, zvichiguma refu kuedza vakagumisa kuti chubhu inofanira Cone serin'i. mudziyo ichi chinoshandiswa nhasi, uye anonzi "Laval kamwene". Pasinei nokuti pakatanga Laval akanga nyore yakakwana Pakutanga, mudziyo, yaiva chishamiso engineering. Asi pashure imwe nguva masayendisiti - theorists kunge nekusimba kuti nokugadzirwa uchishandisa hwemvura turbine kamwene Lovaglio anopa chikuru zvibozwa.

musayendisiti British Charles Parsons uyewo akaita mupiro wakakura kuti kukura indasitiri. Vakanga chokuita imwe hwemvura turbine uye simba remagetsi, naizvozvo, turbine aigona kubereka magetsi. Panopera makore ane gumi namashanu Parsons akazogadzira ndege turbine dzakakwirira kunyatsoshanda. Munguva pfupi kupfuura mazana matatu ndege turbines inoshandiswa kugadzira magetsi, uye nyika yokutanga simba chirimwa achishandisa ndege kuti chiutsi turbine rakavakwa makore gumi gare gare. Saka, nokugadzirwa rikapedzwa Parsons turbines Laval nzira. Uyewo Parsons mudziyo yakavakwa vachishandisa nemotokari ari hwemvura turbine, kuti turbine akatanga kuti yakanyatsoiswa pamusoro ngarava dzakawanda. Sezvo nguva inopfuura, asi mashoko ose turbine rinoshandiswawo muna chafariz simba miti.

Uyezve nhoroondo kuvamba turbines inofamba ichienda pamusoro XX remakore kana muvambi French Ogyust Rato akavaka multistage hwemvura turbine, sezvamakaropafadzwa optimum parameters kuti kumanikidzwa donhwe rimwe turbine Danho kunge dzaona.

Pashure pezvose, musayendisiti American Glen Curtis, kuti turbine yambokurukurwa, izvo akashandisa mugadziriro itsva akaita yakanga chiduku kukura uye akasimba nepurani. turbines izvi akashandiswa pakuvaka motokari mugadziriro, vakanga yakaiswa pamusoro vaparadzi kutanga, ipapo ngarava zvechiuto uye, pakupedzisira, musi mutakurwi ngarava.

Saka, nhoroondo turbines kuvamba haareururi nzira dzakawanda kuwana nyore uye mari kupisa injini masayendisiti XIX remakore. Mumwe vavambi yakatanga imwe kupisa injini, umo mafuta ari combusted ari humburumbira kuti, saka, yakadai injini aizogamuchirwa akaisa murori. Other masayendisiti hwemvura injini nani kuti vawedzere simba rayo uye kunyatsoshanda.

Muna nhasi, nyaya inotanga nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa turbines mazita makuru akadai Laval, Parsons uye Curtis. Masayendisiti ose aya uye vanotanga apedza mupiro wakakura kuti kukura bhizimisi uye yokufambisa Links pose. kubudirira kwavo zvaikosha zvikuru kuti vanhu vose. Asi chinonyanya kukosha kwaiva kupararira chimiro ichi simba, akadai magetsi. Pari, Data masayendisiti kuvamba anoshandiswa chaizvo munyika yose kuvaka ngarava uye simba zvinomera.