Chii chinonzi "Raster": Tsanangudzo, kupatsanura, kushandurira kuva vector

Chero neemhizha anoziva muenzaniso. Zvakakosha kuti agadzirire zvifananidzo kuti nadzurudzo yavo, zvisikwa Layouts. Nokuti avhareji User Network musiyano pakati zvinogona haisi kukuru. Zvisinei, ichi ndicho zvinokosha kushanda pamwe mufananidzo kuti munhu wose anofanira kuziva, uyo anoda kuva kukwanisa ribude mifananidzo.

Definition Raster, ayo zvakanakira nekuipira

Chii chinonzi bitmap? mufananidzo uyu rinoumbwa munhu chizvaro pakati pixels, kupendwa imwe ruvara. Ndivo nyore kucherechedza, yakakura nhamba. File pamwe Raster Graphics anochengeta bumbiro ine uwandu pfungwa dzavo ruvara. Photos, Scan mifananidzo, mifananidzo mumagazini uye pakombiyuta - Raster. The afoot pamusoro pixels (Dots) zvinogona kutapurira mufananidzo upi kunzwisisa, mumvuri, gradients, akamhanya, rasterointi, 3D-zvinokonzerwa uye kunyange kuchangamuka. Photorealism - huru mukana uyu mhando Graphics.

Zvazvakashatira Raster zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

1. Kusakwanisa kukwira. Kurisa mufananidzo (kureva Munotatamura ari afoot pakati pixels) kana kudzikira nayo (styanuv kuitira kuti vamwe pfungwa richaparara), anogona yekudyidzana zvinoshatisa mufananidzo unhu.
2. The bitmap iri shoma kune rectangle. Kureva, pamusoro kushanda uchishandisa mumwe pasi "nedebwe" pasi chena kumashure pamusoro.
3. The zvakawanda kunzwisisa mufananidzo, ndipo pariri anoyera faira.

Features Raster

Raster mifananidzo anosiyana kukura, chisarudzo, ruvara modules uye uwandu mavara. Excellent kwazvo zvechadenga afoot. Dzinozivikanwa zvokuzvivaraidza Raster chizvaro mhando: dzose uye stochastic.

1. Size (huremu) - uwandu pixels mumufananidzo rinowanikwa muna CB (MB, GB). The mufananidzo kurei uye zvikuru kunzwisisa, ndipo pariri anoyera.
2. Resolution - nhamba pixels por padiki (ppi) ari paIndaneti mifananidzo, mapikicha, kana Dots por padiki (DPI) nemifananidzo akadhindwa. The yakakura mutengo, nani mufananidzo zvakajeka. Standard chisarudzo Internet mifananidzo - 72 ppi, anodhinda Layouts - 300 ppi.
3. Color module rinorondedzera dzinokosha maketeni. Izvi zvingava zvakakurumbira RGB, kana tsvuku, girini uye zvitema varipo vari kupiwa mari neimwe Pixel nokusanganisira kuumba achida ruvara. Kuti agadzirire Layouts vanowanzoshandisa CMYK - module zvinosanganisira cyan, magenta, yellow uye dema. Lab - ndiye "chinopenya", tsvuku-girini uye zvitema-yellow; Grayscale - noruvara pfumbu.
4. How matomu vazhinji encoded neimwe Pixel kunoenderana Ruvara mufananidzo. In monochrome Mifananidzo neimwe pfungwa anoyera 1 wedzeredzei. Kana Pixel 4 ikakuruma muenzaniso ine 16 mavara. 8 bpp kupa 256 mavara, 16 matomu - 65k mavara 24 matomu -. Mamiriyoni 16 mavara ..
5. Zvinotevera mhando rasters, zvichienderana Pixel kuko: nguva pajira riya mamiriro (pamwe shading Dots kana afoot) stokahtichesky zvinonyatsochengeta sangano asina, i.e. ari pixels vanosarudzirwa randomly.

bitmap kusiyana vector

Kuwedzera Raster youduku chinhu vector - nzira kuumba muenzaniso umo pixels ose - nyore geometric zvitarisiko: rectangles, ovals, madenderedzwa, kururamisa mitsetse uye makakombama. vector Graphics faira ine kwemasvomhu payakavakirwa - nhamba parameters (dhayamita, urefu, upamhi, zadza ruvara, gandiwa), avo nzvimbo pamusoro kanivhasi (X uye Y-batanidza) uye nzvimbo hama nomumwe. Vector tichigumisa munhu Zoom uye Edit - chete kuchinja zvechadenga achida chinhu. Kana iwe kuwedzera kana kutapudza mufananidzo unhu kwayo hakuna kushanduka. The mufananidzo Vector haringorevi munhu rectangular nechokumashure - vanogona rakapinzwa mumwe. Panyaya iyi, chepakutanga faira hunorema zvikuru zvishoma kupfuura Raster.

With vazhinji saka zvakanakira kuti ichi chidzitiro anogona kudzivisa vector? Mifananidzo pamanyorerwo ichi kashoma kunogona kunzi sezvazviri - vane zvishoma katuni-kufanana kuratidzwa nokuti kuti kushandisa mavara zvikukutu uye gradients. Modern Graphics vapepeti - Corel Swedera, sezvo Adobe Illustrator - vanogona kushanda pamwe kunzwisisa migumisiro yakaita mimvuri, ruvara kubatane nekuita, blurring, asi Raster mufananidzo kubudiswa nezvaanogona zvichiri kure. The Vector yakagadzirira Layouts pakudhinda.

Raster zvinogona

Raster mifananidzo angaponeswa mune zvinogona siyana, uye kutendeuka kuchiitika iri nyore - unofanira kuzarura faira chero mufananidzo mupepeti, kusarudza Muterere chacho "Save se" uye yakakodzera uyewo.

GIF - nyore format. It inotsigira pachena uye kuchangamuka zvinokonzerwa, anoyera zvishoma, asi ruvara kwayo yakaderera - 256 mavara. The GIF iri nyore kuchengetera calculators, machati.

PNG anoshandisa lossless compression uye inotsigira pachena, zvikuru ruvara kupfuura GIF.

Tiff rinoshandiswa kuti kuchinjwa kubva Raster kuti Vector, sezvo youduku uyu hazvirevi batanidza kuti akaturikidzana ari pamufananidzo.

Jpeg - kupfuura mukurumbira zvinowanika inoshandiswa vachiri mifananidzo, tarisa mifananidzo, padandemutande mifananidzo.

How to kubva Raster kuti vector urongwa

Need kutendeutsa munhu bitmap mufananidzo kuva Vector iri marongerwo mugadziri panguva gadzira, kana kana uchida vanokudza mufananidzo, kuzvishandura pasina kurasikirwa unhu. Translations kupinda vector - kwete chiduku basa, sezvo vazhinji Photo Migumisiro hazvigoni kuridzwa. With otomatiki Kuongororwa mufananidzo unhu ipfupi kwazvo; ruvara vanogona kukanganiswe, akarasikirwa mashoko ari mufananidzo. Izvi zvaitika pave zvinhu kubva nemapoka pixels mavara akafanana, riri pamusoro gandiwa ari bitmap. Kana mufananidzo yakaoma, akasika zvinhu zvinogona kwazvo, uye aongorore navo tsamwa. Autorouting inowanika vapepeti Corel Drew kana Illustrator.

mufananidzo hwakanaka kunogona kuwanikwa chete kuburikidza Chinyorwa Kuongororwa. In ichi pamufananidzo mugadziri rinokomberedza ari gandiwa uye mumvuri kana inzwi akasikwa superposing zvimedu dzakasiyana kukura uye ruvara kune mumwe. Nyore nzira yokuita izvi pahwendefa hwakajeka, chinyoreso yokuronda mutsetse. Manually vanowanika mufananidzo Vector vari anodhura uye hwainyanya.

... ndiEzekieri

Rasterization - muitiro yokuronda zvakashandurwa, kana Vector kuswedera kuti kushandurwa ari Raster Somuenzaniso, kutsivira nawo kupfuura mberi Photographic filters. Panyaya iyi, vose ehupfumi ose Vector zvakanaka kunyangarika, kureva, zvichava hazviiti kuti kukwira kunoguma mufananidzo pasina kurasikirwa unhu. Saka, zviri chinodiwa kuchengeta yepakutanga faira yakafanana kana kushandura mufananidzo kana zvakakodzera.

Asati kuchinjirwa kune chidzitiro (Exchange kuna Bitmaps) unofanira kuisa zvinotevera parameters:

1. Color - nhamba mavara ari mumufananidzo.
2. Dithered - kana iwe Activate chinhu ichi ruvara chichagadzirirwa kuburikidza nokusanganisa.
3. Redolution - chisarudzo.
4. Anti-aliasing - mutsetse kana mitswe kwokutanga marongerwo zvichabviswa ndokudzora.
5. Trandparent Backgrounf - parameter inoita necheseri segirazi.
6. Size - kukura.

Saka, nokuti zvakanaka basa mifananidzo unofanira kuziva chii Raster uye vector. Raster mufananidzo akaumba munhu muzvizhinji kuti pixels - duku kwakajeka okunze. Raster mavara, reproduces vazhinji Photo zvinokonzerwa, kunyange kuchangamuka. Zvisinei, mifananidzo izvi zvakaoma kukwira uye kuchinja. Vector nekusiyana, zviri nyore kuchinja nokuchinja chero mufananidzo chinhu; apo scaling unhu inoramba zvakafanana. Zvisinei, mumvuri, akamhanya, gradients kunzwisisa uye kubatane nekuita mavara kutaura zvakaoma. Raster mufanidzo inogona pamusoro kuratidza zviri Vector format, ndiEzekieri.