Enderera basa

A kuramba basa iri mashandiro pasina "akasvetuka", i.e. chiya zvinotevera ezvinhu nokuguta: zviduku Kuchinja nharo zvichiteverwa kuchinja duku mune nhengo tsika mashandiro. The girafu ane basa zvakadaro kuramba kana mvere munyonga.

Chamazuva panguva muganhu kuti yakatarwa, inogona tsunga nokuda muganhu pfungwa, kureva mashandiro anofanira kuva muganhu panguva ino, izvo zvakaenzana kukosha kwayo panguva muganhu pfungwa.

Kana izvi zvinhu pane imwe nguva, vanoti mashandiro panguva imwe discontinuity, kureva ayo akaramba runovhuniwa. Mumutauro papi misodzi pfungwa anganzi ane mismatch iri tsika asisazvikwanisi ane muganhu ane basa (kana iripo).

discontinuity pfungwa angava bvisika, zvinokosha kuti tizvidzore kuvapo mashandiro, asi mismatched pamwe kukosha kwayo pane imwe nguva. Muchiitiko chino, pane ichi nguva zvinoita kuti "kururamisa", kuti ndeyokuratidza tsanangudzo chamazuva.
A mufananidzo yakasiyana zvachose hunobuda kana muganhu imwe mashandiro pane imwe nguva hazvirevi kuvapo. Pane zvinhu zviviri zvinogona pfungwa discontinuity:

• wokutanga mhando - ipapo zvinhu zvose mwero zvose chimwe madziro, uye kukosha mumwe kana vaviri regai uwirirane kukosha mashandiro pane imwe nguva;
• mutsa wechipiri, kana hapana-mativi kana zvose mwero kana tsika kusingaperi.

Properties dzamarudzi mabasa

• Basa yakawanikwa sezvo mugumisiro svomhu kushandiswa, uye superposition dzamarudzi mashandiro anoita soumambo hwavo harwuna chinoramba.
• Kupiwa basa kuramba iri zvakanaka pane imwe nguva, unogona nguva dzose kuwana munharaunda zvakakwana duku nayo icharega chiratidzo chacho.
• Saizvozvowo, kana mutengo wayo maviri pfungwa A uye B vari ukuwo, uye b, sezvamakaropafadzwa imwe rakasiyana b, ipapo nokuti zvenguva pfungwa zvichakutorera ose tsika kubva penguva (a; b). Kubva pano unogona kuita inonakidza mhedziso: kana kupa rwakatambanudzwa rekeni kuti ndizvipete zvokuti hazvina sag (anoramba kururamiswa), mumwe ayo pfungwa kuramba mira. A geometrically zvinoreva kuti pane yakarurama mutsetse achipfuura chero zvenguva pfungwa pakati A uye B, izvo intersects ari girafu pakati mashandiro.

Ona zvimwe kwechiropa (munharaunda tsanangudzo wavo) kuti zvokutanga mabasa:

• kugara;
• kodzera;
• trigonometry.

Pakati maviri anokosha pfungwa masvomhu - iri kuramba uye differentiable - zvakabatana chaizvo. Zvakakwana kuyeuka kuti unofanira kuti kuramba basa differentiable mabasa.

Kana basa iri differentiable pane imwe nguva, pane kuramba. Zvisinei, hazvina zvakafanira, kuitira kuti ayo rinobva iri kuramba.

A basa kuti pane boka dzamarudzi rinobva, yedzinza yoga yeChikoro wakatsetseka mabasa. Mune mamwe manzwi, ndiye - a akaramba differentiable basa. Kana rinobva ane vashoma pfungwa discontinuity (chete wokutanga mhando), akafanana basa anonzi piecewise pachaenzaniswa.

Chimwe chinokosha pfungwa pamusoro kwemasvomhu ongororo iri noruvara chinoramba basa, kureva, kukwanisa kwayo kuva chero nguva zvayo nzvimbo chete chichiitwa. Saka, imwe pfuma inoonekwa panzvimbo pfungwa, pane munhu.

Kana isu kugadzirisa pfungwa, wawana chinhu chimwe, sezvo tsanangudzo chamazuva, kureva kubva kuvapo dzakafanana chamazuva zvinoreva kuti ichi chinhu chinoramba basa. Kazhinji kutaura, kurukura hakusi kwechokwadi. Zvisinei, maererano Cantor kuti theorem no, kana mashandiro ari kuramba ari tsindirana, kureva, musi namahwindo chinguva, ipapo zviri noruvara kuramba pairi.