Electrical simbi: kurimwa uye kushandiswa

Kugadzirwa hwendarira mhando ichi anopindura nzvimbo kutungamirira pakati rinobva zvinhu. Electrical simbi - ane chiwanikwa iron pamwe nesilicon ane nhamba kubva 0.5% kusvika 5%. kukurumbira kwakapararira pamusoro mishonga mhando iyi inogona kutsanangurwa nemupristi remagetsi uye nomuviri zvivako. Kugadzirwa kubva simbi kwakadaro zvakajairika zvinoriumba, umo musina dhefisiti. Izvi inotsanangura dzayo pasi mutengo.

Mugumisiro nesilicon

Izvi chezvinonhuwira pachiimbwa nesimbi kuti pave gobvu mhinduro dzakakwirira resistivity, kukosha iyo kunoenderana chikamu nesilicon ari chiwanikwa. Pasi pokudzora pamusoro yakaisvonaka nedare, anorasikirwa simba renyika rinonzi magnetic ehupfumi. Asi kana pachena kukoreji, nekusiyana, kubatsirawo. The permeability resimbi ichiwedzerwa uye kuvandudzika pakati kutsiga simbi. The inobatsira mugumisiro nesilicon (Si) anogona kutsanangurwa sezvinotevera. Achifuridzirwa chinhu ichi anopinda graphite kabhoni Kuchinja ezvinhu cementite ine nechepazasi rinobva ehupfumi. The chinhu Si ane rwakashata zvainoita rutapudzo kuti induction. simba rayo asiwo chafariz conductivity uye arambe achirema iron.

Kuchena zviri murwiyo

Ari mamiriro zvemagetsi simbi ingasanganisira zvimwe zvinhu: sarufa, carbon, manganese, phosphorus uye nevamwe. Chinonyanya anokuvadza - kabhoni (C). Zvinogona muchimiro sezvo cementite, uye graphite. Rine yakasiyana migumisiro pamusoro chiwanikwa, uyewo chikamu kabhoni tigutsikane. Kuti tidzivise pasingadiwi inclusions chaikosha C, simbi haagoni dzaserera inotevera kukurumidza kuchembera uye Kudzikamiswa.

Nemigumisiro pamusoro ehupfumi kwemashoko vane zvinotevera zvinoriumba: oxygen, sarufa manganese. Ivo kuderedza simba renyika rinonzi magnetic unhu. Technical simbi ayo sezvamunoita hazvo ane tsvina. Pano, vanofanira kufungwa seboka, kwete sezvinoita yakachena simbi.

Zvinokwanisika kuvandudza ehupfumi hwendarira nokushandisa acheneswe pakusachena. Asi nzira iyi hazvibatsiri huru-pamwero kugadzirwa nguva dzose. Asi nechando rinopfungaira jira zvemagetsi simbi siyana ane simba rinonzi magnetic pfuma racho chivako. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti awane migumisiro yakanakisisa. Asi nguva dzose anoda mamwe vachiridzira.

chando rinopfungaira

Kwenguva refu takatenda kuti nesilicon kunowedzera brittleness kwakaita sesimbi. Production kwakaitika kunyanya zvinopisa rinopfungaira. Profitability chando rinopfungaira aiva pasi.

Chete pashure zvave kuwanikwa kuti nokushanda inotonhora pamwe mirayiridzo kunowedzera rinobva ehupfumi kwemashoko, rave richishandiswa nevakawanda. Dzimwe nzvimbo vakaratidza pachavo chete yakaipisisa ruoko. Cold pokukungurutsira zvainoita zvemaziso ehupfumi kunobatsira, uyewo chekunatsiridza jira Nechepamusoro, waviness ikawanda ayo chakabatsira tsikwa.

Nevamwe ehupfumi iyo vakagamuchira zvemagetsi simbi nokushandisa chando kushanda zvinogona kutsanangurwa kubudikidza inotungamirwa mairi kubva crystallographic unaku. Zvinonzi kusiyaniswa madhigirii akawanda. Ivowo, kuvimba tembiricha panguva iyo rinopfungaira rinopfuura, uyewo nomusi ukobvu kuitwa jira pamusoro papi zvinonzi crimped.

Mari rinopisa harikunguruswi jira ukobvu akava 2 nguva kudzika kudarika chando. Asi uhwu kunaka zvachose zvaizopedza pasi kupisa Nokurasikirwa (zvishoma pane anenge maviri nguva), yepamusoro uye yakanaka tsikwa kugona chando harikunguruswi chiwanikwa. The musiyano steels izvi - the nesilicon kugutsikana. uwandu Its yemakomo kubva 3,3% kusvika 4,5%, ukuwo.

GOST

Manufacturers kubereka maviri chete mhando simbi kuti anoenderana GOST. The mhando rokutanga - 802-58 "Electrical anokungurutsirwa". Second - zvemagetsi simbi GOST 9925-61 "Tape chando mupumburu zvemagetsi simbi".

izita

Kunoonekwa pamwe tsamba "E", achiteverwa iri, nenhamba vane anokosha nhamba:

• The digit rokutanga ukoshi zvinoreva mwero Kunyora simbi alloying pamwe nesilicon. Kubva tumafuta doped refu chiwanikwa ukuwo mu Figures 1 kusvika 4. The chidhayinamo - imwe simbi mapoka A1 uye A2. Transformer - E3 uye E4.
• Wechipiri rokuisa chiratidzo digit ane zvakawanda kubva 1 kusvika 8. chinoratidza remagetsi ehupfumi kwemashoko kana muupenyu zvimwe uchishandisa zvinhu. Nokuti chiratidzo ichi chinogona kuwanika umo nzvimbo ungashandisa rimwe kana rimwe simbi.

Digital razero pashure rechipiri digit kunoratidza kuti hwendarira textured. Kana pane zeros vaviri, saka ndiko chinguva textured.

Panoperera kupenda anogona kuwanikwa tsamba zvinotevera:

• "A" - chaiyo zvinhu Nokurasikirwa yakaderera chaizvo.
• "P" - anokungurutsirwa zvinhu dzakakwirira simba uye yakakwirira pamusoro painoperera.

Kwakaita mashandiro

Vakakamurwa Application chiwanikwa nhatu mhando:

• dzakakodzera kushandiswa pamatunhu uye svikiro rinobva minda (rinobva chaisazvitsigira kuchena 50 Hz);
• dzakakodzera kushandiswa mune yechipiri musango frequencies anosvika 400 Hz;
• simbi, iro rinoshandiswa svikiro uye duku rinonzi magnetic minda.

zvemagetsi simbi machira zvine anotevera kukura: pahupamhi 240 kusvika 1000 neMM, kureba zvingava 720 mm kusvika 2000 neMM, mumwe ukobvu - kubva 0.1 1 mm. kushandiswa rinonyanya vari textured simbi, sezvo vane dzakakwirira kukosha remagetsi zvivako. Machira ane zvinhu zvakadai inowanzoshandiswa magetsi mapurani.

Electrical simbi - Properties

chiwanikwa Properties

• Resistivity. Kubva indekisi ichi kunobva kunaka zvinhu zvakananga. Steel rinoshandiswa apo zvakakodzera kuchengeta magetsi mukati muitisi uye kuidzosera yayo kuenda.
• The coercive simba. Mhosva mano womukati remagineti nokuda demagnetization. Nokuti vamwe mano, chikamu ichi kunodiwa pakawanda. In transformers uye Motors vaishandisa zvinhu rurefu mano demagnetization. Ari nhamba yava pasi. Asi electromagnets vanoda nekusiyana, yakakwirira coercive simba. Kuchinja rinobva ehupfumi, wedzera zvandinenge chikamu nesilicon ari simbi chiwanikwa.

• Upamhi ari hysteresis loop. Nhamba iyi inofanira kuva pasi napo.
• Magnetic permeability. The yepamusoro nhamba, nani mashoko ari "kurarama" mabasa avo.
• Pakukora jira. Nokuti kugadzirwa mano zhinji uye zvikamu zvakashandiswa, pakukora asingasvavi pfuura rimwe millimeter. Zvisinei, kana zvichikodzera kuti chinoratidza ipfupi kuti kukosha 0.1 mm.

kunyoresa

Of jira zvinhu dzeboka rokutanga, unogona kuita rakasiyana-siyana rinobva nematunhu kuti relays uye regulators.

Electrical simbi pakati mukirasi yechipiri inogona kushandiswa Mutange ose yemagetsi DC uye AC uno, kuti cores ari rotors. Boka rechitatu chichava akakodzera mukugadzira rinobva cores kuti simba transformers, uyewo Mutange makuru synchronous michina.

Kugadzira imwe scaffold kuti magetsi muchina, zvakakodzera kushandisa kukandira simbi chine kabhoni kugutsikana haasi anopfuura 1%. Products akaita zvinhu izvi pasi zvishoma nezvishoma annealed. Carbon simbi rinoshandiswa zvaAtemisi muchina zvikamu pasi nomoto. kuti mukuru danda nokuda DC michina siyana izvi nezvinhu.

Nokuti avo muchina zvikamu izvo kutakura kunonyanyisa mutoro (chitubu, rotors, miseve ine zvimiso) rinoshandiswa alloys dzakakwirira zvemaziso ehupfumi. zvinhu kwakadaro kungaita vanoumba mumwe nickel, chromium, molybdenum uye tungsten. Possible kugadzira ari rinobva cores ose magetsi simbi. Ivo inoshandiswa yakaderera-kakawanda transformers - 50Hz.

rinobva shamhu

Magnetic kugoverana navo zvombo uye core. Mumwe mhando ine peculiarities ayo.

Rod: mu kutwasuka rinobva tsvimbo kwakadaro uye ane akapindira muchinjikwa chikamu nokudhindwa denderedzwa. Vakaronga rinokosha cylindrical Maumbirwe rinobva coils.

chombo

Products yokugadzirwa ichi vane rectangular chimiro, uye tsvimbo dzavo vane muchinjikwa chikamu, izvo vakaronga yakatambarara. Izvi rworudzi rinobva redunhu rinoshandisirwa chete kunzwisisa mano uye mazano. Saka, zvivako izvi regai kuchapararira.

Saka, takaona kuti mumwe zvemagetsi simbi iri uye apo rinoshandiswa.