George Zhzhenov: Biography, upenyu pachake, mhuri, mudzimai, vana

Vazhinji inozivikanwa Russian mutambi mukuru Georgiy Zhzhenov. Biography, mhuri yake, iye akasika nguva zvina muupenyu hwake refu, vari nyaya iripo nyaya. Zhzhenov akawira kutsungirira yakawanda nematambudziko, asi iye akavatapa nokuremekedzwa nokukudzwa.

Origin uye vabereki

The nzvimbo yechizvarirwo George Zhzhenov? Biography ake akatanga muna Petrograd muna 1915 mumhuri Artisan-nomubiki. baba vake Stepan Filippovich akaroora mai George vake, Maria Feodorovna, paaiva akafirwa uye baba vanasikana vashanu. Just ndakaenda ake chizvarwa kumusha Tver, akatarisa pashure wake akatora musikana uye St. Petersburg, kudzidzisa vana uye kubereka itsva iripo kuti uchawedzera vanhu zvikuru sezvo matanhatu. Kurera vana harisi hanya baba aiva shamwari ne "nyoka munyoro". All Zhzhenova mhuri yakakura munguva World Wokutanga Civil War, post-hondo chakaparadzwa uye makore okutanga simba Soviet, yakadzurwa kumisana yavo mai, nyore mukadzi Russian, iyo pachayo Georgiy Zhzhenov akayeuka kukuru kudziirwa okupedzisira oupenyu hwake refu.

Adolescence uye kutanga kuita basa

Asi pasinei nezvinetso mhuri yaigara, vana vakura akakura uye akaenda kundogara yakazvimirira upenyu. Elder mukoma George Boris, uyo aiva neushamwari kwazvo, mukutanga 30s vakapinda yunivhesiti, uye iye ari simba chaizvo uye zvemitambo majaya, mushure chikoro-gore masere muna 1930 chikoro zvakasiyana-siyana-sekasi pamusoro Acrobatic dhipatimendi. A gore akazozviratidza sekasi mutambi George Zhzhenov, Biography rwakatanga munhandare yacho Leningrad sekasi Acrobatic Duet "2-Georges-2." Partner pakati zvesimba rake raiva rimwe navo, ake namesake, saka zita navaviri.

George Zhzhenov, ane Biography ari dzakwidzwa akaita chaizvo unopinza majana, nguva dzose kuonga anoyeuka ake sekasi yokutarisirwa. Kusvikira pakuguma kwemazuva ake akaramba kwazvo panyama chimiro (nokuti pazviri zvichida vakapona Kolyma), uye kunyange nezuva rorusere makore gumi achiita akirobhatikisi.

Nokusvika mabhaisikopu

Yakanga iri sekasi zvayo akaita "movie vanhu" vane Lenfilm uye vakokwa basa guru iri "Error gamba" firimu (1932). Anobva sekasi uye anopinda kuita Arts panguva kosi, izvo zvakazoita vakabva nomukurumbira Soviet firimu Director Sergei Gerasimov ari Leningrad Technical School. In zvakafanana, ichiri kuita nemafirimu. Filmography iye asati asungwa yake muna 1938 paitova mafirimu shanu, kusanganisira nakisa yakakurumbira Soviet kinohit "Chapaev", iro rakabatsira kurongeka Zhzhenov Commissioner Furmanova Tereshka.

zvino ndingaita akararama George Zhzhenov? Biography rake pakutanga upenyu hwaiva hwakaita mamiriyoni dzimwe nhoroondo dzeupenyu majaya Soviet. Zvaizoratidza sokuti ramangwana vimbiso huru kwaari. Zvisinei, vechiduku mutambi vaifanira kutya nokuda mugumo wake, uye kutya ake yasimbiswa nokukurumidza.

Kwakatangira mumutambo woupenyu Georgiya Zhzhenova

Muna December 1934 muna Leningrad, chigaro musoro remunharaunda sangano vaKomonisiti, chaizvoizvo munhu wechipiri munyika mushure Stalin uye mukwikwidzi ake (kanenge, sezvo vakawanda panguva iyoyo aifunga) Sergei Kirov. umhondi ichi chaiva chikonzero Stalin uye boka racho yake pakutanga rainzi Great Chinotyisa munyika. Vakanga vachipomerwa zhinji bato uye hurumende nevatungamiriri vakakurumbira. Asi zvishoma nezvishoma, pakati vanoitirwa mhosva tsika Stalin kuti utongi mitumbi kuti zvakawanda vanhuwo vakanga vasina chokuita nezvematongerwe enyika. Saka pakati pavo aiva mudzidzi pa Leningrad University Boris Zhzhenov. Nyaya, izvo zvakaitika kwaari zvakajeka inechirevo kuonekwe chemaneka uye vakawanda nokufungira, waiva vanhu Soviet panguva yechipiri yezana thirties.

Chokwadi chokuti vadzidzi LSU vanosungirwa zvakaitika mumigwagwa Leningrad ari mumudungwe wemariro. Boris akakumbirawo kumunyori Koshanda sangano iri kosi kuti amusunungure kubva chiito ichi nokuti vanongoita asina chakaipa shangu kutsungirira maawa akawanda amire uye nokufamba kuchitonhora (muna University, akanga achiwana akakurumidza kupinda ake zvachose wakaputsika shangu). chikumbiro ichi akanga adudzira kuva nokuratidzwa kusada kukudza kuyeuka pogibschego mutungamiri rechiKomonisiti, uye saka utsinye mafungiro kurutivi simba yeSoviet pacharo. Gore rakatevera Boris akasungwa uye ipapo akatongerwa kuti akatumira kumusasa kuVorkuta, uye mhuri yose yakanga akaparadzaniswa Leningrad Zhzhenova. George akamiririra ake druzya- "firimu" zvikurukuru iye Sergei Gerasimov. Akanga achangobva zvakatanga apo kupfura firimu "Komsomolsk", iro zvaibatanidzwa uye Georgiy Zhzhenov. Biography neyokupedzisira somunhu akasununguka kuti riwedzere kwemamwe makore maviri, asi utongi mitumbi vakanga vachangobva kutsvaka chikonzero kupa mutariri wake mutsva.

The kusungwa rokutanga

Muzhizha 1938 boka vomumafirimu, waiva uye unopfuta, akanga achifamba nechitima kupfura muna Komsomolsk-on-Amur. shamwari yavo vakadzokera US Wenyika, iri kuenda Vladivostok. Kwave kune dzose nenzira nokudyidzana pakati shamwari (mushure kufamba kwemazuva anoverengeka). Asi nekuda vose vendudzi vamiriri vari USSR, apo kwakaramba kuongororwa, ipapo patafura akarara mushumo kuna nechepakati midziyo yose NKVD Moscow, umo vose vaiva kuonana mutorwa vatambi vakaverengwa. Sezvo Zhzhenov panguva iyoyo kare aiva hama nemhosva "muvengi wavanhu", kuti aiva shasha kukwikwidza kuti mhosva vasori pamusoro Soviet Union. Nokukurumidza, akasungwa muna Leningrad ari mufurati rake, kwaaigara mudzimai wake wokutanga, Eugenia, uyo aiva waanodzidza ake ari College nokuda Stage Arts.

Makore maviri nehafu muchinjikwa

Munguva kuferefeta nguva Zhzhenov akapfuura vose madenderedzwa wegehena kuti Stalin kuti kurwadziswa makamuri. Zvinoitika kwaari zvose zvinhu zvino chizivikanwe nevakawanda kubva netsamba nezvimwe vakafira kutenda vaya vakapfuura saizvozvo. Zvisingaperi Kubvunzurudzwa "ne rusaruro", kurohwa, Kusarara, apo mhosva kupfeka anonzi rwokutsvakurudza conveyor kuitika anoramba ndedzoupenyu vhiki (kana kupfuura, asi vachapona) kutsvaka vakawanda, anotevedzana, vaongorori. Maererano netsamba kuna Zhzhenova paakanga ndafenda uye vakawira pasi, iyo dzendege dzembudzi akamumisa netsoka dzake, uye kutsvaka mberi.

Vazhinji havana kukwanisa kumira, akasaina penga kupomerwa stipulating vamwe vanhu, kureva. E. Ko chaizvo zvaidiwa Stalin kuuraya kupembedza zviito zvavo. Muchengetwi Zhzhenova yakaenda kubata hana akadaro, aisagona kutsungirira marwadzo ayo uye zvadaro akazviuraya (akazarura tsinga pasi negumbeze).

Asi Zhzhenov George, vane Biography haisati nguva ichazara miedzo yakadaro, vakapfuura zvose kushungurudzwa uye kurwadziswa, vakaramba kubvuma mhosva vasori uye saka akaponesa upenyu hwake. Pashure pezvose kuzivikanwa, kazhinji vakatongerwa rufu. Zhzhenov akaratidzwazve 5 makore mumisasa, izvo "yakanaka" paitonga Stalin tsika akatambanudza ne zvakawanda maviri emakore. Chii chingadai vaitarisira kuenda kuSiberia, Georgi Zhzhenov? Biography, mhuri, vana, vaigona kuva - izvi zvose zvino vachiva dzisingambosvikiki kwaari. Akati bhayibhayi wake ndokumubvunza kwete kumirira kudzoka kwake.

Kolyma, Kolyma, anoshamisa nyika, mwedzi gumi yechando, vamwe - chirimo

Kana chikepe ane munhare yakazadzwa mazana "vasungwa", kununurwa Zhzhenova Nagaeva Bay kuna Magadan, aiva nemakore 25 okuberekwa. Mberi aiva makore mashanu vari mumisasa, rinorema rakaoma, nzara, chando, kurwisa zuva kupona. Pashure pezvose, akatambura ari Kolyma hondo yakaomesesa makore apo vagara shomanana romugove yagurwa kushoma. Tiri kufa nenzara yose lagpunktov nemazana "vasungwa." Pane imwe nguva yakadaro Zhzhenov akaudza imwe ake akabudisa nyaya pfupi pamusoro upenyu mumusasa, unonzi "Sled".

Yainge iri nguva yechando muna mumwe kure lagpunktov, yaiva imwe makiromita mashoma kubva huru mumusasa. Yaiva kure nzvimbo chokufambisa vaikwanisa chete muzhizha. Zviremera ndeimwewo akauya ipapo muzhizha muchando wemari zvigadzirwa, uye akawanda zana vagari Camp Division, kusanganisira Zhzhenova akatanga nenzara uye kufa zvishoma nezvishoma. Mumusasa uyu kudzivirira zvigadzirwa kugara nekugamuchirwa toboggan muhwezva, nekuti nevarindi chete vakaroorana gumi, uye "vasungwa" - mashomanana zana. Uye pano panouya nhau kuti Zhzhenov iri huru mumusasa nhuri yakasvika kubva mai, uye nokuda chokwadi pamwe zvigadzirwa. Asi sei kusvika huru kumusasa "goner" uyo, pasinei hwake uye aimbova simba raro, kuoma kufamba netsoka dzavo nekuora zvokudya. About verevedza mumapasuru muna Camp Division yaisagona kuonekwa, nokuti kutyora murayiro. Uye kurasikirwa noushamwari nzvimbo zviuru zvemakiromita kubva mberi, uye kuva pemigero chiGerman mabhomba, hapana kuunganidza havana kuda. Zhzhenov aitambudzika. Randomly vakapupurira ichi chakava munharaunda mvumo NKVD, uyo akashanyira kurwara-fated Camp Division (vasvika ikoko netsoka). Ndiye pfungwa Zhzhenov kuenda kumusasa mujinga naye, sokunge iri kuenderana. Ndakashamiswa aiva George, mangwanani akatevera wakati achiona mvumo, achidhonza mumwe Sled duku, izvo wakavata vamwe mapepa. Vakati vabva Camp Division pamusoro kwayo kure, George akanzwa simba rake ngavabude, uye anorasikirwa kuziva. Pasina shoko, Commissioner vakamuisa nechireyi uye aiendesa makiromita mashoma kunharaunda chikuru musasa, kwaakanga akabvisa, saka kuti vasati vadzivirirwa senguva dzose muchimiro: "nyoka" uye munyaya mukuru. Chii chakaita mukuru kuratidza uncharacteristic "enkavedeshnikam" Mercy, hatizowanikwi kuziva. Asi nokuti munhuwo chokwadi kuti kunova akaponesa ramangwana hunonyanya Russian mutambi, tinogona kuonga. Pashure akateura mubereki vaitova zvigadzirwa kuti zvakabatsira Georgi vapone kuti chando inotyisa.

Life pakati miviri

Muna 1943 George of mujeri kumisasa Grouse rangu chaizvo kudhonzwa musoro anofambira mutambi anoparadzirwa Chikwata Nikanorov. Mune "Zeke" anotyisa-kutarira, kwakandionza, akafukidza ane pakafunuka uye "mapundu" akaona chete vaimbova mutambi uye mhiko kumuponesa. First Zhzhenova akatamisa kubva mumusasa anoparadzirwa chikwata, uye ipapo Magadansky muzdramteatr, kambani rwaiumbwa chezvematongerwe imwe "vasungwa." Ndaigona kunzwa waiva shure pakati vanhu mhuri dzakanaka Georgiy Zhzhenov? Biography, mhuri, vana - vose izvi munhuwo pfungwa vari zvakare pedyo naye. Iye akaroora chete wakati, zvaitwa, mutambi Lydia Vorontsova, vane mwanasikana Elena. The muchato vasingagoni kuva refu, sezvo vaviri nokukurumidza achava mazuva matsva.

Muna 1945 akagumisa nguva mutongo wake wokutanga, uye nokupisa zvishoma vakapukunyuka Kolyma. Kutungamirirwa Sergei Gerasimov akaupa Sverdlovsk firimu Studio. Ikoko starred mu "Alitet anoenda kumakomo", iro akataura pamusoro mugovanisi kuchinja upenyu zvemo vanhu Chukotka.

chechipiri izwi

Zvino zvakaitika kwaari kwakafanana kuti vamwe vanobatwa paitonga Stalin udzvanyiriri vazhinji - wechipiri kusungwa uye mutongo mutsva. nguva ino akatongerwa nhapwa Norilsk. Sezvineiwo, ndipo akakwanisa kuwana basa ari mumutambo yemitambo, sapamazuva reMagadhani. Panzira, nemumwe wake pachikuva rakanga Innocent Smoktunovski, uyo akaenda Norilsk kugara kunze yokutambudzika ipapo kwezana forties uye vamakumi mashanu, nekuti wakatya kurangwa kwavo pfupi kugara mune German musungwa hondo muna 1943.

Kuti kuwedzera mutambi wacho ndege kuwanikwa Norilsk George Zhzhenov? Biography, mudzimai wake nevana vakava zvakare pedyo naye semunhu. mudzimai wake wechitatu aiva mutambi Irina Makhaeva Norilsk. Mushure kubva Norilsk aiva mwanasikana Marina.

kuwana rusununguko

Muna 1955, zvakazara rehabilitated Zhzhenov akadzokera Leningrad. Pakutanga akazoshanda remunharaunda mutambo yemitambo, asi gore gare gare rinopedza pana Lenfilm firimu mutambi. Kubvira ipapo, anenge ose gore kwaiva kufirimu ake kupindura. Iye sezvaiita upenyu hutsva Zvinoshamisa nyore, sezvo vashoma vakakwanisa kubva vaya vakapfuura zvinotyisa pamusoro Gulag. Pasina mubvunzo, izvi zvakaita kuti mashoko akanaka muviri, izvo Zhzhenov akakwanisa kuramba mushure tose tawira mugove wake scrapes. Moviegoers uyewo tunokwezvwawo mifananidzo zvakasikwa naye kudziviswa azere ushingi zvechokwadi zvamarudzi kuita mabasa Zhzhenova.

Muna 1960 akapinda yemitambo. Leningrad City Council. Ndakaona muboka iri George Zhzhenov? Biography, upenyu hwake pachake zvakare akaita kunzvenganzvenga. George Stepanovich akasangana mudzimai wake wechina Lidiyu Malyukovu, vaaigara navo kusvikira afa pano. Vaiva mwanasikana, Julia.

Saka sei vakasara vose zvizvarwa George Zhzhenov? Biography, vana, mhuri, - zvose izvi pfungwa vagara pedyo naye, akatsvaka upenyu hwemhuri. Pamwe Zhzhenova kubva michato matatu vane vanasikana vatatu, uye vazukuru anoverengeka uye vazukuru.

Mukupera 60 wacho - mangwanani-ies 70 Zhzhenov akauya mukurumbira munyika mushure kuita basa Zarokova-Tulyev mu kinodilogii "zvakakomba" uye "Destiny of mugari." Akatamira kuMoscow, anoenda yemitambo. Moscow City Council, kwaaishanda kwemakore anopfuura matatu nehafu, kusvikira parufu rwake musi 91 fung gore upenyu.

In ake kuderera makore Zhzhenov aiva bhishopi chaiye Russian mabhaisikopu uye mitambo. Chaakapiwa zhinji mibayiro mamiriro. Akanga ikoko kupfura vhidhiyo, nyika zvikuru vakapemberera ayo rechi90 mhembero.