The Graphics mu "Pascal": unhu, zvisikwa nzira uye mienzaniso

Ndinofanira kuva Graphics programmer? Kunyanya avo vachangobva kutanga kudzidza mutauro? Tinofanira kutanga taongorora ose mazano kunyora zvinhu uye zvakajairika mabasa uye purogiramu anosiya kuti gare gare?

Ndivo mibvunzo kupindura mumwe nomumwe. Somuenzaniso, vaya vanodzidzisa mutauro mugore chikoro, purogiramu ari "Pascal" ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa kuti akurudzire pachako kuti mamwe kudzidza. Shure kwenguva yose iyi ndinoda kuona migumisiro mafungiro ake, achinyora zvirongwa. Kana tiri kutaura pamusoro mudzidzi, ipapo richiswedera mumwe kugadzwa. Asi, izvozvo anoita upiyona chaikosha kuti zvinobatsira kuti zvigadzirwa Anonyorwa zvikuru simba. Asi chero zvakadaro, chikamu chino mutauro zvirongwa Chokwadi, zvinokosha.

Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti asina mari zvose vane Graphics rutsigiro. "Pascal," uyewo, iri vakapakata chikamu ichi, saka zviri nechivako wawo kunzi munyaya.

The Graphics mu "Pascal"

Ndokupi unofanira kutanga? Kubva, unofanira kunzwisisa zviri shoma chikwata rechinhu chinovhara modes siyana mutauro "Pascal". Kana totaura mameseji, ipapo saka uchava chiratidzo. Purogiramu havafaniri nyasha Pixel. Rine Coordinates kuti vanomirirwa zviratidzo X uye Y, uye ruvara (mureza - chena). Kuti vawane Kero Pixel (0, 0), zvakakodzera kuisa pamusoro rworuboshwe wekona. Hazvina kubva pano anotanga kuverenga Coordinates.

The Graphics mu "Pascal ABC» ari kusashanda Via imwe module kuti zvakafanira vanyorese kushandiswa mutsetse.

nguva

Somuenzaniso nyore achapiwa basa goho dzinokosha chidzitiro (hunomirirwa pazasi).

Munyaya Mhiko Muchikamu, unogona kuona mazita modules mudura kushandiswa mutsetse. Vanosanganisira Graphics muoti mupurogiramu. Kana yokuvaka akasangana chirongwa mamiriro anogona kufunga kuti iwe chete unofanira kunyora ebetsero variables mu var. Asi chikamu ichi, kuti Graphics mu "Pascal", anoshanda zvishoma zvakasiyana. Pashure shoko hadde kunyora Graphics kadhi yakaiswa pamusoro PC yako, uye ipapo kutaridzwa muoti nayo inoshanda. zviratidzo izvi kunowanzoitika. Mushure Panovhurwa muzvikomberedzo opareta vanofanira kucherechedza chaizvoizvo. mhando uye rudzi. Kana mushandisi haazivi kuti adapteri mhando iri yakaiswa, zvinokosha kuti vanyore mupurogiramu mutsetse nhamba 7. Chikamu chino, kufanana Graphics mu "Pascal" akagadzirirwa kuti nzira anokwanisa kuziva kwaita kuona mashoko. Zvinokosha kuyeuka kuti adapters zvose vane nhamba kukosha kwavo nomumwe anogona kuwanikwa nokutarira paIndaneti. In worusere mutsetse anogona kuonekwa Initgraph nzira. Iye anomhanya kuti Graphics nzira. Line nhamba 9 uye nhamba 10 zvinodiwa kuti aone kana initialization akaenda pakarepo zvinopera, chirongwa yakarega kushanda. closegraph rinogumisa Graphics rudzi, vachibvumira kuti kudzokera acho.

Misara akaverenga 2, 3, 7-10, 17 vanofanira kuyeuka nokuti vanogona kushandiswa senzira template, sezvo vose Graphics mu "Pascal" ane mukuru mamiriro kusikwa. Funga zvinhu mabasa vamwe.

Under shanduka ruvara vanofanira kunzwisisa range mu "Pascal" mune 15. chete By rakavapa kukosha kune asingashumbi, tinofanira kunzwisisa kuti matauriro zvichabviswa kusarudzwa randomly. 14 mutsetse unokubvumira kusika pfungwa pamadziro. In dambudziko iri, chichagamuchirwa riri apo "achasiya" munhu vakasarudzwa zvisina kurongwa muoti.

Schedule basa

Zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti girafu zviri basa iri "Pascal" inovakwa mu maitikiro maviri. Chokutanga, unofanira kuvaka kwegadziriro Coordonatele, ipapo ataure girafu pachayo. Uye wokutanga anonzi rakakamurwa muzvikamu akawanda.

To purogiramu haina riri pamusoro chidzitiro, unofanira tsanangurai nzvimbo yaro. Upper angled - (xLeft; yLeft). Lower akanyorwa yakafanana - (xRight; yRight). Kuti vagadzire batanidza akabatana, izvo masvomhu vari terrific notation, unofanira kuziva nzvimbo. Uye nokuti tsanangudzo yokupedzisira zvinokosha kunzwisisa kuti nharo uye kukosha mashandiro. Sarudza aida pfungwa, unogona kuramba achinyora chirongwa.

The Graphics mu "Pascal" kunosanganisira kushandiswa SetPixel nzira, pashure inozotevera muzvikomberedzo anoratidza Coordonatele iri pfungwa (zvatinosiita X uye Y) uye ruvara (shanduka). A Line basa kunoita kuti tiswedere akabatana.

Nyora chirongwa kunodikanwa urongwa hwakadaro: kutanga batanidza maitiro, uye pakupedzisira unofanira kuverenga kukosha mashandiro uye kuverenga Coordonatele ari pfungwa.

mugumisiro

Mhedziso hunoratidza kuti chidzitiro uye kuvakwa mashandiro girafu mu "Pascal" vari anokosha, saka kutaura, vose nechepasi chikamu. Ndaziva kunyora zvirongwa Implementation yavo, programmer anogona kushandisa Graphics zvayo mushanduro dzakasiyana-siyana. Inongova Zvakanaka kuziva dzidziso. The Graphics mu "Pascal" (mienzaniso anopiwa munyaya) - nyore chaizvo uye anonakidza mubvunzo mumwe.