Edmund Burke: prices, mashoko, Biography, pfungwa huru, enyika maonero, chikuru mabasa, photo, uzivi

Edmund Burke (1729-1797 gg.) - A akakurumbira British reparamende, enyika uye nomukurumbira, munyori, munyori wenyaya, muzivi, muvambi kuchinja negwara. mabasa ayo uye basa chikawira pamusoro muzana remakore rechi18, yakava akararama rechiFrench Revolution, uyewo nhengo hondo dzeparamende. pfungwa dzake uye pfungwa vaiva anyatsoona simba pamusoro evanhu uye zvematongerwo enyika pfungwa, uye mabasa ake neimwe nguva zvakakonzera yainakidza gakava munzanga.

Zvimwe zvinhu muupenyu

Edmund Burke, ane Biography inyaya pakudzokorora uku, akaberekwa muIreland muna 1729. baba vake aiva muPurotesitendi, mai vake - a Catholic. Akapedza kudzidza Trinity College muDublin, uye akasarudza kutora jurisprudence, akaenda kuLondon. Asi pano akava kufarira munyori basa. Edmund Burke aiva mupepeti wemagazini "Annual Register," pakutsanangura mirayiridzo yaro uye vanogutsikana kwerinenge zvose ake upenyu. Akabva atanga, uye ake rezvematongerwe, achiva munyori Prime Minister (muna 1765), uye gare gare imwe nhengo yeparamende. Panguva iyoyowo (1756) akanyora akawanda mabasa-kufungisisa, izvo aiwana iye zvimwe mukurumbira uye akabvumira kuti atange kufambidzana nomumwe munhu mumabhuku yeChina. Edmund Burke, huru mabasa vanozviitira enyika uye dzouzivi nyaya, akava nomukurumbira kunonyanya kukonzerwa dzavo mashoko dzeparamende netumabhuku kuti nguva dzose akava nyaya pokukurukurirana uye gakava.

political maonero

Basa rake yeparamende rakatanga apo akava munyori Prime Minister, uyo ari Whig bato. Nokukurumidza akatora kutungamirira chikamu chiduku kuti vakatsunga ake maonero enyika. Edmund Burke, muvambi Rumhangapanga Zvisinei vamwe zvinhu akabata worupo maonero. Saka, aiva mutsigiri zvinhu uye vaidavira kuti simba ramambo zvinofanira kubva uchangamire vanhu. Vaisada mhedziso umambo, muchitenda kuti zvakazara upenyu enyika munyika zvinofanira kuva bato pamwe mukana kuti vataurewo zvavanofunga zvakananga uye zvakajeka.

kunyatsogona

Asi dzimwe nyaya Edmund Burke, dzinokosha pfungwa dziri kuchinja, vane siyana. Saka, ari musimboti mutsigiri zvinhu, akanga achiri kutenda kuti kuchinja izvi zvinofanira kuva zvishoma nezvishoma uye kungwarira chaizvo kwete kuti kunokanganisa huripo nepakati simba uye asingauyi kukuvadza emakore dzinoumba hurongwa. Iye vaishora kamwe uye akachinja zvikuru kudavira kuti zviito zvakadaro kuchaita kuti nyonganyonga uye kusateerera mutemo.

pamusoro vanhu

Edmund Burke, ane enyika maonero nevamwe Reservations anganzi kuchinja, akataura pamusoro pezviito weBritish Government nekuda kuChamhembe American dzaidzorwa. Akadana kuvapa rusununguko zvoupfumi uye kuderedza mutero mutoro, akataura nezvokukosha ubvise kuti chidhindo basa. Iyewo akatsoropodza mabasa East India Company kuIndia uye akaita ruzha yavasina gavhuna wenyika yacho W. Hastings (1785). Masero chaizvo ruzha uye akazivisa zvakawanda kufanira kuBritain kudzora mamiriro munyika ino. Edmund Burke, Rumhangapanga kunonyanya kuoneka mune nharo Hastings, vakati kuti India vanofanira kuita Western dzemunharaunda uye mitemo, uye nemuvengi wake, Ukuwo, vakati kuti zvaasingadi nyika yokumabvazuva.

The chimurenga French

Zvakatangira muna 1789 uye vakavazunzira nyika dzose European, kwete chete magariro uye kwezvematongerwe enyika, asi pfungwa dzavo. Against ekupedzisira zvikuru vakatsoropodza Edmund Burke, uyo vakati kuti maonero echimurenga dzidziso uye dzokufungidzira, chaihwoihwo, regai kuva zvechokwadi nhoroondo ivhu uye saka haazombofi midzi munharaunda, nekuti havana chero midzi kana nhoroondo. Akasiyanisa kodzero chaidzo dzinongoitika. The yokupedzisira, yake pfungwa, rinongova dzidziso, nepo chokwadi pane chete avo kuti dzinokudziridzwa ne kosi chenhau kukura nezvizvarwa.

Pazuva nzanga uye mamiriro

Edmund Burke, ane pfungwa dziri kuchinja nhungamiro, ndokuramba, vakaedza uye vakatsoropodza magariro kondirakiti dzidziso J.-J. Rousseau, musimboti chiri kuti vanhu pachavo nokuzvidira renounces chikamu rusununguko dzavo uye transmits ehurumende mabasa nokuti basa nokuchengeteka kudzivirira. In maonero Burke, zvose enyika, zveupfumi masangano akavakirwa muupenyu, nezvokuti kwemazana emakore anobudiswa uye kuongororwa nenguva. Saka, zvinoita njere, akati, kuedza kusandura huripo kurongeka, zvinogona chete kuva akangwarira kuvandudza pasina kuchinja chero inokosha. Zvikasadaro, uyai mhirizhonga uye mhirizhonga, iyo zvakaitika echimurenga France.

Chii akataura pamusoro rusununguko

Vanyori vacho vanoti kuti magariro evanhu kusaruramisira uye munzanga akanyatsorongwa vagara aripo, saka, vaiona echimurenga mabasa ari kuvakwa wakarurama muvanhu kunobva nokudenga ruenzano pakuva. Edmund Burke, aphorisms izvo muchidimbu kutaura musimboti uzivi yake, vakati kuti hazvibviri kuita zvachose kuenzana uye zvayo kuzvitonga.

Iye ndohwaJehovha anotevera mashoko panyaya iyi: "Kuti rusununguko, zvakakodzera tikadzivisa." Pfungwa yacho kuipandukira akatarira sezvo dzokufungidzira kuvaka uye akanongedza mhirizhonga yakaitika muna France mushure kubvuta masimba. Kunyanya nemhaka zvesimba ake kuzorwa turakiti Revolution yakaoma hurumende inotungamirwa William Pitt Muduku akaita chisarudzo kuenda kundorwa hurumende. Edmund Burke, akatorwa izvo zvinoratidza kuchinja nzvimbo yake, vaisimbirira kuti murume anogona haana kuva zvachose yakazvimirira kubva muvanhu, zviri zvimwe kuda kwaari. Akataura nezvayo iyi nzira: "Abstract rusununguko, kufanana nemamwe ndivanamwari, haako."

Pfungwa pamusoro aesthetics

Pakutanga kwake mabhuku basa (1757), akanyora pepa rakanzi "Kudzidza kwakabva pfungwa dzedu kutobaya rakaisvonaka dzouzivi." Mairi musayendisiti kunoburitsa idzva nguva yaro, pfungwa yokuti kunzwisisa aesthetic yakanaka munhu hakunei nepfungwa ounyanzvi uye rugare rwomupfungwa uye zvinodiwa pakunamata. basa iri kwakaita kuti mukurumbira uye yaikosha munyika dzinoverengeka mabasa pamusoro aesthetics. basa iri rakashandurirwa mumutauro Russian, iyo inotaura mukurumbira wake.

nyika maonero

Edmund Burke, ane uzivi chiri zvikuru pakutsvaga pfungwa Rumhangapanga, vakaratidza pfungwa dzinonakidza nezvenhoroondo nemagariro marongerwo. Somuenzaniso, aifunga kuti kuchinja vanofanira kufunga chaicho ruzivo chokuzviona nezvizvarwa. Akadana vanotungamirirwa mienzaniso yakananga pane chaihwoihwo dzidziso. Maererano naye, iyi yaiva nzira yakanakisisa zvokuchinja munzanga marongerwo. Pachiitiko ichi, iye ane shoko: ". Regai kurangarira muenzaniso - ndiro chikoro chete vanhu, mumwe munhu ari chikoro haana aenda uye haangazvidembi kuenda"

The chinyakare maonero

Edmund Burke vakatenda huru netsika kukosha kudanwa kuti kuchengetedza uye kuremekedza sezvavakanga dzakabudirira upenyu pachahwo uye dzinobva chaizvo zvinodiwa uye zvinodiwa nevanhu, uye regai zvinobva yokufungidzira. Hapana kuipa, muna zvaanofunga, pane kutyora kwomuzvarirwo nzira kukura, inosidzikwa munhau uye upenyu pachahwo. Akashora French zviitiko nguva yake yakakurumbira rondedzero "Kufunga pamusoro Revolution muFrance" (1790) Kubva panzvimbo iyi. Zvinouraya chimurenga, akaona kuti akaparadza chihombe pakunamata ruzivo vaunganidza nezvizvarwa zvakapfuura. Kuedza kuvaka nzanga itsva akasarangarira asingabatsiri budiriro, nokuti chete nenyonganyonga uye kuparadza.

ukoshi

Muzvinyorwa uye mashoko ose Burke rokutanga vakagamuchira kwokupedzisira Clearance Pfungwa kuchinja pfungwa. Saka, zviri kuonekwa muvambi dzekare Rumhangapanga. maonero ake kwouzivi nenzvimbo nzvimbo akakurumbira munhoroondo enyika pfungwa uye vakagwinya political hurukuro nokuda rusununguko North America dzaidzorwa pamusoro kufanira pamusoro Chirungu simba muIndia, nokuti rusununguko chitendero Catholic kuIreland akaita mumwe akakurumbira vamiririri nguva yake. maonero ake, zvisinei, haagoni kunzi zvakajeka kuchinja, sezvo kazhinji vakanamatira norupo pfungwa.