Dash "ndiwo" sei?

Munhuwo Pfungwa nyora mitemo "pamberi" payo "nguva dzose isa nokuputsanya" vose vechokwadi uye nhema. Chokwadi chokuti dzakadaro musimboti kazhinji anofukidza chete chikamu nokuwanikwa reshoko. Zvinonzi kunzwisisa kuti chiratidzo "nokuputsanya" pamberi shoko nguva dzose, pasina chaakasiya zvakafanira muna chiitiko kuti kubatana pakati musoro uye Predicate, mune zvimwe zviitiko angava nezvimwe algorithms uye mitemo.

Dashes chepakutanga zvakagadzirwa

Sezvaunoziva, mumwe mukuru ezvinhu apo unofanira kuisa dashes zvinomiririra vaitaura, hwaro iyo inoratidzwa pazita kana nhamba kuitika chokuti, ivo wemasaini anoiswa pakati nenyaya uye Predicate:

Kutamba jigsaw - the chokushandisa chiri nyore kuti Mudzidzisi, kunyange mukadzi. (The Chiratidzo anoiswa pakati yacho uye Predicate, akaratidza emazita.)

Late chitubu - nguva yorudo, tariro uye zvavaitarisira.

School - nguva kuzvitonga uye chitupa inotungamirwa.

Dashes iyoyo zvakagadzirwa ane shwashwa

Kazhinji kundikana mashoko Methodist Primary School vanotsamwisa zvikanganiso zvirevo apo rechiito iri pamwe neboka. Kwose kwose vadzidzi vaduku vanotsanangura kuti "nokuputsanya zviri kuiswa panzvimbo (!) Shoko" izvozvo "." Pfungwa iyi inoshanda sechinhu pakururamisa mavanga mitongo pasina namabote, asi kutsausa, kana uchida kuisa chiratidzo mitsara peboka iri. Chokwadi ndechokuti nemhaka akagadzira saka "mazano" zvine musoro inotevera kuti kana nokuputsanya chinoiswa "panzvimbo" mashoko, ipapo mutongo kana, hapana chikonzero wemasaini. Vadzidzi vazhinji akaumba vairamba kufanana nevechiduku, zvichiita kuti kuramba zvikanganiso: asi nokuputsanya hauna kuisa neboka vaitaura.

Zvichakadai, nyora mitemo vari zvachose vachipikiswa. Kuri kuti une boka Predicate, mumwe nokuputsanya isati anoiswa pamusoro fanira hwaro. mienzaniso:

Autumn - inguva kuva zvitsva uye tora unganidza.

Love - chibayiro.

Kupfeka mwana - chipo kwete kwaari, asi kutanga pachavo.

Nguva dzose pamusoro nguva - kuremekedza ino kwete chete vamwe, asi kutanga iwe renyu.

Dash Predicate pamwe negation

Kugumbusa pamberi shoko "iwo" kana totaura kubatana yacho uye Predicate, kunyange kwakakodzera zviitiko apo chiratidzo hakusi pasina kuva tambo.

Saka, regai kuisa nokuputsanya apo Predicate chine rupokano:

Little lop-fork puppy haisi chitoyi. (The chiratidzo chisina kuiswa, nekuti pamberi Predicate inoratidzwa pedyo pazita, zvinokosha NEGATIVE PARTICIPLE "kwete".)

Kunyange unyanzvi firimu ikasatsiviwa mabhuku.

Uise gakava zvokuongorora wevarwere anorwara kwete nzvimbo kugona vanamukoti.

In Kana apo Predicate pamwe negation kunoteverwa boka risati "izvozvo" Nguva dzose nokuputsanya:

Little lop-rine nzeve puppy - haisi chitoyi. (The chiratidzo anoiswa, sezvo PARTICIPLE "kwete" anoteverwa iboka.)

Kunyange unyanzvi firimu - hazvina amirire mabhuku.

Uise gakava zvokuongorora wevarwere anorwara - ichi haisi nzvimbo kugona ravanamukoti.

Dash Predicate varehwa ane kuitika chokuti

In zvakagadzirwa pamwe kuitika chokuti okuti chiratidzo anoiswa, pasinei ukashandisa svinga kana kwete.

Verengazve bhuku aiverenga sezvo mwana - akafanana kuwana pachako somwana. I ndaverengazve bhuku aiverenga sezvo mwana - sokunge kuti kuwana pachake somwana.

Ida munhu here - sei kutanga kurarama zvakare.

Kushambira mudziva mangwanani - sei kutarisa vaduku.

Patafura neshamwari kare - zvaiita kumisa nokufamba kwenguva.

generalized shoko

nyaya yechipiri, dzinobatanidza madikanwa chiratidzo ezvinhu, rinoshandiswa generalizing hunhu. Kugumbusa isati yakanda muzviitiko izvi nguva dzose.

Enda hove, kushambira murwizi, sokunhonga michero, bikai pamoto - yaanofarira vose zviratidzo mumusha chirimo.

Gulls, makore makwayana, anochema pamusoro curlews, rudo mvura mudziva - ichi zvose kukwezva uye refu akarangarira.

Zvinonyadzisa pamangange, zviduku unyengeri - handiyo nzira kuti atsamwira ukama?

PARTICIPLE

The kuvhiringidzika nemashoko akashandiswa waifarirwa "pamberi" iri "nguva dzose isa nokuputsanya" unovapo kubva pakuti shoko, pamutemo achitarira nguva dzose zvakafanana, chokwadi, angava dzakasiyana-siyana kutaura. Pakadaro, kana totaura PARTICIPLE nokuputsanya pamberi "payo" haasi kuisa:

Sezvazvakanyorwa vaenda pasina kumirira mafayawekisi?

Eya, munobvepi zvose vakaenda pamwe chete?

Saka ndizvozvo akashevedza uye akanyevera kuti tsvedza mugwagwa.

Rinoratidza shoko pamuganhu zvikamu kunzwisisa mutongo

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, imwe indekisi shoko rinotanga mumwe zvikamu kunzwisisa mutongo, zvinoreva izvo - kujekesa, tsanangura kana kutsivira chikamu chokutanga, uyewo kuti ndezvipi. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, vazhinji intuitively akaisa koma panzvimbo nokuputsanya pamberi "izvozvo". chiratidzo ichi anobvumirwa, asi tichiyeuka kuti achinje unokwidza nokuderedza Ruvara nokuputsanya chete mazano uye anoisa vamwe musoro dzokuAustralia. A koma kana nokuputsanya pamberi "payo" kunodiwawo, asi pakusarudza chiratidzo zvavo nokuda kunyora. In kwazvakarerekera vaitaura izvi mhando pamuganhu zvikamu vaitaura pedyo koma.

Pakarepo, tenuka akaita yakadzikiswa shiri hombe - iri zvose usiku sheburshitsya padenga uye havabvumirwi kurara. (Sign pamuganhu zvikamu mutongo rinobudisa zvinoreva: "! Saka asina kubvumirwa kurara" "Oh, zvinoitika, uyo sheburshitsya"!.)

Pakupera nemisere remakore Pushkin akaberekwa, ichi chinhu ichachinja njodzi mutauro Russian uye mabhuku Russian. ( "Ndisina" chiratidzo panguva panosangana zvikamu kunzwisisa mutsara unoratidza zvinorehwa: "Sezvamunoziva, iye akashandura mutauro wokuRussia.")

In pamakumbo wake akarara muripo weUS, ichi ndicho gore rokupedzisira, isu tose akadzinga kubva Voronezh.

Mubindu vakakura Manchurian walnuts, ndiwo muti, zvibereko zvacho chaizvo zvakafanana fruit.

Mushure okufananidza turnover

Hapana chikonzero kugadzirwa "nokuputsanya" chiratidzo pamberi chisazita mu tonally kwazvakarerekera mazano. Somuenzaniso, nyaya chiratidzo kunogona kuitika kana chisazitasingwi kunotevera okufananidza turnover. In izvi zviitiko nguva dzose koma. Kana, Saka mutongo pamberi shoko "iwo" kuisa nokuputsanya, zviri kukanganisa.

Kufanana nevamwe mhuka ipi, kugadzwa ichi anokwanisa vajaire vanhu.

Kufanana nezvimwe zvizvarwa zvose, inoda chinhu chitsva uye ake.

Kufanana chinyararire uye kubvumirana ose nevavakidzani vayo, ndiwo muti upenyu anorarama pedyo neimba yedu, uye rinodederesa mapazi sechiratidzo dzavo nekupinda hwedu.

Zvisinei, kubvira nyaya dzakadaro vanofanira kusiyaniswa vaitaura, hwaro iyo inoratidzwa pazita kana kuitika chokuti sezviverengo uye kuoma ne okufananidza turnover. vaitaura kwakadaro pashure kuenzaniswa turnover uye neboka kumberi uye akaisa koma, uye nokuputsanya:

Creek kubhururuka ingakuma nomumachakwi emumvura, sezvinoita kuchema kusurukirwa kana inzwi rimwe nyika - anogara kusingafadzi, kunyange ruzivo muvhimi. (Tire akaisa sokunge okufananidza turnover angadai :. "Creek kubhururuka ingakuma nomumachakwi emumvura - kusanzwa, kunyange muvhimi seshasha" koma avhara . Okufananidza chijana)

New nhetembo ausingazivi matarenda munyori, sezvinoita nyika itsva anovhura - akafanana zvinosimbisa nyika zvose zvakanaka. (Products pasina okufananidza turnover pachena kunoda chiratidzo pakati musoro uye Predicate.)

Pashure nomuromo PARTICIPLE mitsara kana kuroorwa gerundive

Uyezve, yakakanganiswa hunhu anoiswa pashure nemashoko PARTICIPLE kana honzeri turnover. Kukurukurwa chikonzero chiratidzo kwakadaro hakusi, sokuti, munyori ari ngoni chete kufanana nevechiduku, nechirwere zvimwe zviitiko zvose vamwe "pamberi" payo "kuisa nokuputsanya."

Achigadzira zvishoma nezvishoma, chisarudzo ichi zvose akakura akasimba uye kusimbiswa, uye pakupedzisira chakagamuchirwa.

Kamwe dzisingambosvikiki, rwendo urwu saka kunyura pfungwa dzake kuti aisakwanisa kufunga zvimwe.

Vatiza mhiri wemarudzi, boka iri yakakanda vana havanzwi kana kuona chinhu, asi zuva, mastrawberry uye kungozvifunga.

Sezvinongoitikawo pamusoro apa, achishandisa urongwa akadaro anofanira kusiyaniswa kubva bhainda makwikwi Predicate asati akaratidza pazita kana nhamba kuitika chokuti uye kuoma kutaura PARTICIPLE mitsara. In akadaro risati vaitaura shwashwa akatevera chete gerund kana turnover, mabhii maviri vanoiswa:

Kuenda zvakanaka, achitarisa pfungwa shure mumakore iwayo - ndiye bvunzo wechokwadi. (Tire akaisa nokuti chete chikonzero kuti zvakafanira muna mutongo "aenda zvachose -. Muedzo wechokwadi" The koma pamberi aida nokuputsanya zviri sezvo kuvharwa kana kutaura PARTICIPLE mitsara.)

Watch vana vari kudzidza kurarama nokutamba uye vakapopotedzana nemumwe uye nokukopa maitiro vabereki - harisi chete kunonakidza uye zvinofadza kuita, asiwo mukana wokufungisisa pachavo. Kana iwe kuderedza chikumbiro, dzakakudzingai kubva kwayo nhengo muvaravara uye kutukana PARTICIPLE mitsara, pakuonekwa nokuputsanya pfungwa iri pachena: "Chenjererai vana - harisi chete kunonakidza uye zvinofadza kuita, asiwo mukana wokufungisisa pachavo." Comma pamberi chiratidzo ichi rinogumisa kutukwa PARTICIPLE Mashoko, uye kana kunze - muvaravara.

Saka, kana nokuputsanya anoiswa pamberi "payo" kana tiri kutaura pamusoro Copyright mavanga, anenge zvachose pakuti worudzii mukukurukurirana, uye munhu syntactic basa shoko iri mubvunzo.