Cranial tsinga, ivo zvarakasiya kunobva chirwere yavo

Tsinga inosanganisira uropi uye musana, kuvakoka kubva tsinga avo ramifications. All bazi tsinga kwakabatana kune peripheral tsinga. Kune 12 yegwara cranial tsinga uye musana 31 nomwe. peya imwe neimwe ine zita rayo uye nhamba, izvo runotaurwa pedyo nhamba Roman. Cranial tsinga dziri mu mujinga uropi. Pamusoro Zvinoumba etsinga fibers, akasunungura mabasa avo zvitatu: injini, kutsinga dzinouya uye zvakasiyana.

Nzwisisa cranial tsinga vari aumba kubva fibers pamusoro Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu kuti nhema kunze uropi. Izvi zvinosanganisira olfactory, rinoonekwa uye auditory tsinga. Vanopa vestibular basa, kunzwa, kuona uye kunhuwidza. Vaviri vokutanga rinotanga kubva masero etsinga, izvo dziri mune nasal mucosa. Kukurirwa tsinga ichi, pane kurasikirwa zvakakwana kugona kunhuwidza. Wechipiri peya - zviri optic tsinga, rwakatanga iri retinal masero. atrophy ake zvinotisvitsa unopinza kuderera kuona acuity, uye upofu dzimwe nguva yakakwana. Wechisere hangaiwa auditory tsinga mutoro kunzwa uye basa iri vestibular midziyo. Kana zvaipesana basa rake kune dzungu, kusanzwa, ataxia, vestibular dysfunction.

Motor basa rine mbiri mashanu tsinga. Vane dzakavapo ari hunde injini nuclei. Wechitatu, wechina uye wechitanhatu peya tsinga chokuita mudziyo uye ziso sangano. Oculomotor tsinga - ndicho wechitatu vaviri. Zvinonzi inoumbwa ne fibers, kutangira kubva mhando musimboti. Parasympathetic fibers zviri tsinga kuti kupa tsandanyama ziso. Kwakaitwa cranial tsinga III vari dzinoratidzwa peya rokumusoro fungiro ptosis, yakashatiswa mumufambiro squint uye mydriasis. Kana zvinokanganisawo etsinga chinogumbura IV muchiratidzo vakacherechedza kaviri zvinhu. Kana maonero ari chichiburutswa pasi, akaratidza zvishoma muchinjikwa takangwaririra. Kana kwakakanganiswa mabasa VI abducens, anochinja kufamba yeziso kunze, izvi zvinotungamirira munhu convergent squint uye chiono kaviri.

The chiso tsinga (VII) anotonga tsandanyama dzechiso. Uyezve, rine fibers uye ane kuravira utetsa autonomic fibers, izvo waidzora kushanda mate uye lacrimal mumasero. Secondary XI tsinga anoita mashandiro anoita mamwe tsandanyama. With kukundwa ake anooneka paresis kana kuoma tsandanyama. Last, ari hypoglossal etsinga XII chokuita tsandanyama rurimi. Kana zvaipesana tsinga ichi basa vakachengeta mufambo mberi mutauro akavarambidza wayo kutsauka pane njodzi divi. Akaratidza tsandanyama atrophy, marwadzo rurimi, fibrillar twitching.

Mixed basa cranial tsinga anoshanda V, IX, uye X vaviri vaviri. Chechishanu, ari trigeminal etsinga anodzora kutsenga tsandanyama uye rinopa aikanganiswa ari munhu. Glossopharyngeal (IX) tsinga ndiye anokonzera salivating ravira uye mamiriro huro uye rurimi. Vagus (X) tsinga rinopa utetsa migove rwemberi nomumukanwa mhango, dokeriro uye pharynx. Ndiye anokonzera kushanda netsandanyama. Cranial tsinga X parasympathetic maviri anopa ukama zvomukati.

Kana zvinokanganisawo trigeminal etsinga, pane marwadzo yokurwiswa neuralgic hunhu mu kuMudzidzisi nzvimbo chiso. Vari achiperekedzwa akatsvuka uye kubvambura. Muna zvokurwara IX vaviri akanzwa kurwadziwa huro, pane kunetseka pakuparadza, akaona kuravira wenyonganyonga, vakanetseka salivation. Kukurirwa ari vagus etsinga pane zvarakasiya ari zvomukati. With bilateral maronda vakachengeta pakuparadza nyonganyonga, nasal matauriro inzwi, kurwadziwa auricle. kutyorwa yakadaro nguva dzose pamwe zvikuru fungidziro.