Chii zvakasikwa (tsanangudzo pfungwa)

Chii zvose? Tsanangudzo iyi kazhinji anoshandisa pfungwa hakusi nyore. Kana zvaitwa nemutoo kwazvo muchidimbu: ichi ndiwo zvose ariko. Zvisinei, izvozvo mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti chii Universe (tsananguro), haana here kutsanangura chinhu. Saka kugara pariri zvizere.

maviri zvokusarudza

Unogona kutanga yokuti pfungwa "Universe" chinhu chinokosha zvakarurama mbiri kupfuura sayenzi nguva dzose; uzivi uye zvenyeredzi. Kazhinji, anokoshesa mashoko akafanana ane musiyano unokosha. Muchiitiko chokutanga, muchadenga kwaireva dzokufungidzira mamiriro, rechipiri - mashoko. Kutaura zvazviri, mashoko akakwana asi yakajeka yeshoko "zvose - nayo ..." uye uzivi, uye zvenyeredzi chisipo. Uyezve, kudzidza chimwe nechimwe, muviri kana kuti pfungwa, sezvo chinhu chiri chinhu wezvose.

sayenzi siyana vari hanya pokudzora dzakasiyana zvikamu rwose, kunzi muchadenga. All kuedza kwayo akakunda cosmology uye zvenyeredzi. Hazvina kubva nemaonero sayenzi munyaya ino uye achapiwa mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti chii muchadenga tsanangudzo sezvo mubatanidzwa nzvimbo uye nguva, boka raivapo marudzi peshoko, uye mitemo yavo.

In pakadzika emakore

Kana tikatarisa nhoroondo, ari hypotheses wokutanga panyaya iyi akazviratidza muIjipiti yekare uye Mesopotamia. Zvesimba anogona kunzi kwesayenzi akaonekwa kare. Yakanga rave ipapo tsanangudzo iyi: zvose - nguva dzose chidziro ano, riri pakati Pasi. Around payo kutenderera, maererano pfungwa Aristotle, Ptolemy uye Achibvuma pfungwa yaPythagoras, kutenderera mapuraneti, izvo zvinosanganisira Svondo Uyezve zvimwe zvinhu kubva Earth nyeredzi dziri, uyewo wokurarama kumativi pakati wezvose.

Chinhu chikuru dzokororo uyu mufananidzo wenyika kwave kuchiita chete pashure pakuonekwa mabasa Copernicus uye Newton. Paiva heliocentric muenzaniso. Opening emapoka enyeredzi, uye zvimwe muchadenga zvinhu uye mananara yekudyidzana mukwanisi kumiririrwa masayendisiti pamusoro zvakasikwa. Nhasi, ari kudzidza zvinhu kure, kufambira mberi nyeredzi uye nzvimbo ubanguranyika mitoo zvakatungamirira kuti chidzoke ane zvakawanda kana zvishoma zvakajeka kunzwisisa zvose. Zvisinei, ari kuuya mashoko zuva nezuva, vasingawanzotauri huchikanganiswa yaivapo dzidziso anoratidza chero yeshoko rokuti "zvose" sabatsira.

mamiriro

Macrostructure wezvose anganzi ane nzvimbo ane chipanji-kufanana marongerwo. Madziro zvivako inoumbwa yakakura nhamba emapoka. Daro pakati pedyo vari kakawanda - vanenge miriyoni chiedza-makore.

The chikuru zvinhu emapoka enyeredzi - nyeredzi, nguva dzose kutenderera chimwe muzinda. The huru mumiririri kuitika nyeredzi - ndiye rehydrogen. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zviri inokosha iri muchadenga chedu.

Zvakanga pakutanga?

Age zvose - kwete nyore mubvunzo sezvo zvingaita sokuti. Kuti tipindure izvozvo, kuti kutanga unofanira kubvuma chokwadi chokuti zvose haana aripo nokusingaperi. Nokuti nyika, vakajaira kugara pasi mitemo yechitendero, zvakanga zvakaoma kuedza pamusoro dzidziso rusingaperi zvakasikwa munguva. Uyewo, pashure vezvesayenzi zvakaoma ajairire pfungwa yokuti chidzoke kwenyika yakanga pashure pechiitiko - zvinondiremera nowenyika yeBhaibheri yokusika. Zvisinei, simba nharo vakaita Kuputika pfungwa, izvo isu tose zvino panguva kunzwa kuti kwakatungamirira cosmology. Kuti rinotsanangura kutanga wezvose. Maererano masayendisiti zvakanga 13.7 bhiriyoni. Makore akapfuura.

Kuputika

The aitungamirira inoti nhasi kuti panguva panowanikwa zvakasikwa Akaperekedzwa pakuputika guru, uye kwayakatangira haina anorondedzerwa dzidziso. A rakawanda simba kwave compressed kuti kusimba diki kukura uye yakatanga kukura. In zvose ichi fuma chakanga kuti tembiricha hombe. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro akatanga kuumba wokutanga zvokutanga inoramba. Imwe uchapupu dzidziso kunoonekwa sechinhu relict pakanyorwa nemwaranzi, panobva raiva pakuputika guru. No pfungwa, zvichireva kuti kusingagumi zvakasikwa, haigoni kutsanangura.

remangwana

Chadenga chiri kukura kubvira. Huripo mhando anotsanangura muitiro asingagari wekuita mu huru: mune chichava ramangwana yose yezvinhu. Kune miviri nzira:

• The muchadenga kuchawedzera nokusingaperi.
• Pane imwe nguva, kuti neizvi muitiro, uye zvose yapera yakakwirira compression.

The mazita zvichibvira nzira kuti ndechekuti kusanganisirawo nechando hombe hunonzi zvichibvira, uye nokupisa rufu wezvose zvakasikwa mukaha mukuru.

The curvature nzvimbo

Rimwe dambudziko kuti anosangana masayendisiti zvakasikwa: tsanangudzo chimiro chayo. Iye achiri asina kuwana mhinduro.

To musi hazvisi pachena, uye kuti ndewekuti sandara nzvimbo wezvose. A mhinduro akanaka yomubvunzo uyu zvinoita kushandisa Euclidean geometry munzvimbo yepasi pose pose. Ruzhinji Vatsvakurudzi vanowanzomuitira kudavira kuti nzvimbo wezvose Zvechokwadi sandara uye ane pleats chete munzvimbo duku.

Kuvharwa kana kwete?

Chimwe dzinonakidza pfungwa: zvisinei, maererano Big Bang dzidziso zvakasikwa asina, sezvo vakadaro, spatial miganhu, kungava zvishoma. Kunzwisisa chokwadi ichi zvichava nyore, kana isu fungidzira rinosvika: kwayo pamusoro haana miganhu, asi ari zvakawanda kukura. A nzwisiso yakajeka spatial maumbirwo wezvose vasina nhasi. Kana akaita zvose munharaunda iyoyo, ipapo hunonzi rakaramba ari yakarurama mutsetse chero mirayiridzo, pakupedzisira achapfuura napakati achitandadza kwayakatangira.

zvinhu zvizhinji zvinoda kunyatsodzidza. Technical mberi uye zivo yesayenzi harisati kusvika pamwero panguva iyo tiri kupa mhinduro izere kuti mubvunzo izvo zvakasikwa. Definition iripo nezvenyeredzi uye cosmology nhasi, ane vakawanda Makwanza uye anofanira kujekeswa. Zvisinei, nokukurumidza kukura zvemichina uye zvesayenzi Zvakawanikwa achangopfuura makore tipei tariro kuti vazhinji makwanza kuziva vakazadzwa munguva yemberi iri pedyo.