Zvicherwa Sakhalin: mafuta, gasi uye asiri ferrous simbi uye isingawanzowanikwi. Sakhalin ruyamuro

Kure kumabvazuva, 7 zviuru chete kubva Moscow, ndiyo chitsuwa chikuru Sakhalin. Tinozivei nezvake? Pashure pokuverenga nyaya yedu, uchadzidza itsva uye zvinofadza nezvinhu zvizhinji nezvezvinhu zvakasikwa, zororo uye chicherwa pfuma Sakhalin.

Meet Sakhalin!

VokuJapan vanouti Karafuto. To isu inozivikanwa pasi zita Sakhalin. Aripiko chitsuwa? Uye ndezvipi miganhu yacho?

Sakhalin Island iri kure kumabvazuva kwemhenderekedzo Asia. Ndiro Chitsuwa chiri Russian Federation. Ndizvo chikamu Sakhalin nharaunda, iyo inosanganisira ngetani dzakati nevakabva Kurile zvitsuwa.

Sakhalin okumavirira makungwa maviri - Japan uye Okhotsk. Kubva Russian yakaoma riri akaparadzaniswa nevanhu ari Tatar Strait, uye pachitsuwa Japanese pamusoro Hokkaido - La Perouse Strait. Sakhalin akatambanudzira pa 950? Km ari índico negwara. The kunonyanyisa upamhi chitsuwa - 160? Km.

Curious kwakabva Chiwi. Izvi chiManchu shoko akatosarudzwa ari Amur River, "Sahalyan-ull", iro rinoreva "rwizi mabwe vatema." Nokuda kukanganisa cartographers zita iri rave akasarudzwa chitsuwa Sakhalin. Kukanganisa haana kururamiswa, uye vakagara pasi. In Zvakazoitwa Shanduro mepu Russian shoko "Sakhalin" watopiwa kushandiswa sezvo musoro Chitsuwa.

Saka, taona afunga apo Sakhalin uye nei zvakadaro kunzi. Zviri ikozvino kudzidza kwayo kuzorodzwa hwakadzama.

General zvechadenga kwakaita nzvimbo yacho chacho

Sakhalin kuzorodzwa zvikuru siyana. Ngachipiwe uye makomo, uye pasi makomo uye nemumakomo mapani uye kumahombekombe pamapani. Central (widest) chikamu chacho ari bordered kumavirazuva uye kumabvazuva, ukuwo, kuWest Sakhalin uye Mountains East Sakhalin. Izvi neeSultan gomo vari svikiro-mudenga.

The yakakwirira Sakhalin - Mount Lopatin. On yaro boreal dondo nemitenusirwa kunowedzera, uye musoro chakafukidzwa cowberry minda nematombo. kureba gomo - makubhiti 1609 chete.

Nemhenderekedzo chiwi chinonzi mukati zvishoma. Heano mana Peninsula uye kumativi maviri bays guru - Aniva uye kushivirira.

Relief Sakhalin: zvenharaunda zvinhu

Pakuurayiwa geomorphology mundima chitsuwa rakakamurwa akawanda maruwa. Ingangoita-chetatu kwayo zvachose munzvimbo rinofukidza North Sakhalin pachena. Zviri guru nzvimbo iri kuchamhembe chitsuwa ane tsime kunyatsobudirira rwizi zvakarukwa uye munhu pasi nenhongonya (kusvika 600 metres). Nokuti kumahombekombe nzvimbo pamapani vanoonekwa ne jecha mbariro, Dunes, uye dzakakura chaizvo zvomumvura the lagoon. Zviya, pano (uyewo pasherefu yeGungwa Okhotsk) ndiwo deposits kupfuura mafuta - chikuru chicherwa pakati Sakhalin.

Kwazvo kuchamhembe chiwi chinonzi kuzivikanwa kwayo nomumakomo Schmidt Peninsula. Mahombekombe ayo chaizvo pamawere, matombo uye mawere.

Nechepakati uye kumaodzanyemba nzvimbo chiwi chinonzi hunodzorwa nomunzvimbo dzine makomo. Madokero muganhu atambanudza of West Sakhalin Mountains, uye pamwe kumabvazuva - East Sakhalin (izvo pano Mount Lopatin). Between izvi zviviri hurongwa gomo iri nemumakomo uye dzimwe nguva nomumachakwi tým-Poranayskaya nokumapani. It akafuka nguo kwainyanya sedimentary matombo - sandstone uye hurungudo.

Kumaodzanyemba kwechitsuwa chacho inomira Susunai Ridge, izvo kunosvika anenge 60 makiromita. At chawo nhema guta Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - muzinda ari Sakhalin nharaunda. The yakakwirira pamakomo akatevedzana Susunai Pushkinskaya (1047 m.) Ko yakakurumbira atambudzwe vashanyi, peshehodnikov.

The chikuru zvicherwa zviri Sakhalin

Vafumi yezvakaita nharaunda? The chikuru zviwanikwa zviri Sakhalin iri vaiti dondo, mvura uye, chokwadi, zvicherwa uye pakugadzira zvinhu. The arambe achirema rwizi samambure chitsuwa kwakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura avhareji muRussia. Edge iri akapfuma zvikuru musango (dondo pabutiro indekisi - pamusoro 60%). Kuchamhembe Sakhalin kukura masango larch, kumaodzanyemba - leaved (Maple, Mongolian pomuouki, Manchurian dota nemimwe miti).

Gumi chikuru chicherwa pfuma Sakhalin riri sezvinotevera:

• mafuta;
• negasi;
• Chrome mhangura;
• negermanium;
• mekuri;
• goridhe;
• marasha;
• peat;
• talc;
• zeolites.

Computer Sakhalin mafuta, gasi, peat

Sakhalin - imwe nzvimbo reRussia wedangwe mafuta uye gasi zvibereko. "Ndarama Black" pachitsuwa awanikwa nevanhu Vanodzidza muna 1880. Mumazana remakore rechimakumi maviri mafuta uye gasi reserves omunharaunda vave yekudyidzana kwezvinoshandiswa, asi ari 1980s guru minda itsva pazvakawanikwa. Uyezve, zvachose reserves Okhotsk pasherefu nyanzvi dzinoongororwa vanenge mabhiriyoni 4 matani mafuta.

Minda weupombwe mafuta Sakhalin iri kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva kwechitsuwa chacho (Ehabinskoe, Paromayskoe, Katangliyskoe nevamwe). Sakhalin mwero "dema goridhe" kugadzirwa pamwe chete kuwedzera ose gore. Saka 2019 zvinonzi vakaronga kuwedzera oiri pachitsuwa kubudikidza 3,6% negasi - ne 20%.

On Sakhalin, zviri akapfuma zvemhangura, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva yepamusoro uye vakaderera nesarufa kugutsikana. It rinoshandiswa simbi, kugadzira negasi, uyewo huni zvikepe. Anogadzirwa pachitsuwa uye peat. Deposits iyi chicherwa zvekuvaka vakagovera mukati North Sakhalin pachena uye tým-Poranayskoy pamapani.

Non-ferrous, mashoma uye simbi dzinokosha Sakhalin

Norudo pachitsuwa nhema yakawanda matura siyana esimbi ores. Pakati pavo - goridhe, germanium, mekuri, chromium, simbi, manganese, tungsten, zingi, strontium, rhenium uye nevamwe. Pakati zvisingawanzoitiki nesimbi Sakhalin mukuru zvoupfumi nehanya Germany, uye kubva nhamba dzisiri ferrous simbi - goridhe.

Pachitsuwa pane deposits zvose esimbi uye placer goridhe. Akatonga kare. Makumi placer goridhe dzinongoda mukati East Sakhalin Mountains. reserves zvavo zvachose zvinofungidzirwa ne Vanodzidza pa matani 59.

On Tonino-Anivskom Peninsula yakatanga Novikovskaya munda Ge-vapfumi akaturikidzana kuti marasha uye mudstone. General negermanium reserves munzvimbo iyi zvinofungidzirwa pa 640 matani.

Munguva ichangopfuura, iri kuchamhembe Sakhalin (musi Schmidt Peninsula) kunge kuzivikanwa chromite deposits. General oneka matura ores izvi zvinokosha vakanga vanofungidzirwa matani mamiriyoni mashanu.