Purchase - munhu zvaanoda munhu muRussia

Nhoroondo Kievan Rus Zvinofadza uye akasiyana. Kunyanya, zvikamu vokuparidzira havana akafanana European. Munyaya ino tichashandisa kupindura mubvunzo: "? Kutenga - ndiani uyu" Saka, rose vanhu Russia yekare huviri pakufara mumapoka: vakasununguka uye nemataundi vanhu. chikamu chekutanga zvaisanganisira pamusoro revatongi Society (Nemachinda, makurukota), basa (magandanga) uye zvokutengeserana (vatengesi). chikamu chechipiri chakanga zvakawanda kunzwisisa kwaro chimiro, uye pane zvemagariro mapoka maviri huru vangazivikanwa vari: lichnozavisimye kana varanda. Ava vaisanganisira varanda, uyo, kusiyana kuti kare, havana chekare, uye navaranda ateteguru, uye vanhu zvemari zvaanoda - iri yakatengwa uye ryadovichi uye smerdy.

Romutemo "Russian Chokwadi"

Izvi Mapato maviri zvemari zvaanoda chavagari anotaura rimwe, asi rinokosha zvikuru nhoroondo kupi - "Russian Chokwadi". Zviri kunzwisisa pakati dzemunharaunda yekare mutemo wakanyorwa, iyo yakagadzirirwa emakore anoverengeka, kubvira XI remakore. Rinotaurawo ndiyo mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti: "? Kutenga - ndiani uyu" Chokutanga mitemo iyi zvinonyorwa Yaroslav Mudry aiva muchinda Novgorod. Zvadaro akawedzera mushure rokurwa Grand retafura muKiev. Zvino vana vake, machinda Yaroslav, uye muzukuru, Vladimir Monomakh, vakabatsira kuti "Russian Chokwadi".

mitemo kupfuura hwakadzama pamutemo zvatinopiwa kunotenga, kuti zvikuru chiduku kumwero - ryadovichey. Iye anosarudza kuti kuritenga - a muboka vasanonoka vemo. The munzanga yose avo uye vamwe vose kufanana uye kusiyana.

General nzvimbo ryadovichey uye zakups

Vose ndechokuti kutsamira rwokutenga uye ryadovichey aiva upfumi hwaro. Free murume kana Lyudin (ari mazwi nguva), aigona kuva ryadovichem kana iwe kondirakiti - nhamba, uye ivo Ndatenga - .. Kana iwe tora Kupu, kureva chikwereti. It pakarepo devalued upenyu hunotsigirwa vanhu. Kana kupondwa Lyudin muRussia yekare aivimba yakanaka 40 Hryvnia, uye kutenga upenyu ryadovicha kuenzaniswa upenyu lackey uye smerd uye 5 chete Hryvnia. Ndiyo uwandu akanaka ndiyo yakanakisisa rinosimbisa kuvimba kuti mashoko uye dzisakarurama mapoka. Chokwadi, isu akatambudzika zvikuru kutengwa. Kutsanangura pavo seanovimba vanhu vanoti mukana vachitengesa muuranda, uye zvichingodaro.

Kusiyana kuritenga uye ryadovichami

Pakati kutenga uye ryadovichami pane musiyano chinokosha. Ryadovich ari nhamba chibvumirano, kwenguva yakati kumwedzi, uye inoti "Chokwadi Russian" uye pasi hapana ezvinhu aisagona muuranda, kureva. E. Do lichnozavisimym.

Nengano Purchase acho ezvinhu akanga zvikuru kuoma. Kutora Kupu, murume uyu akanga basa rake muimba tenzi wake. Ivo zákupy vainyanyoshandisa pamusoro zvokurima basa kana iri kutarisirwa nemombe. Mr akavabvumira kuti kushandisa zvinhu zvavo uye kudanda, asi kana kutenga dzayo zvengarava, yakatakura kwokuvimba basa. Kana vaparadzwa kana kuba vamwe vanhu zvomumwe, basa akanzi kare panguva Mr. Ndiyo imwe chepfungwa evanhu ezvinhu rwokutenga, kusimbisa kushaya kodzero dzizere muchikwata ichi vemo.

Asi, kusiyana ryadovicha, kutenga aigona poholopit, t. E. To ndindoripira muuranda. It zvaibvumirwa chete nyaya mbiri:

• kana iwe vatenge chinhu kurutivi kuba;
• kana atiza tenzi wake, uye nokudaro zvinobudirira vakaramba kudzokera chikwereti-Kupu.

Kana tenzi wake akaedza poholopit kutenga pasina zvakakwana nomutemo chikonzero, aikwanisa kuwana nedziviriro machinda dare.

Legal kutenga inodzivirira, kusiyana ryadovicha, nesipereti zvakawanda nezvedzinza mu "Russian Chokwadi". In zvikuru:

• kutenga aisagona kutengeswa somuranda;
• zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti pfuma iri nhaka yake;
• aisagona aupiwe kusarudza Kupu;
• kutenga rambidzwa kupa chero rendi;
• harigoni kurwadziswa pasina chikonzero.

Kureva kutenga - zviri kanenge zvaanoda munhu, asi zvakajeka pamutemo muna muvanhu.

Kuchengetedza kodzero rwokutenga

Kana mitemo vari akambokanganiswa, iye aizouya anomhanyira dare yomuchinda agoreva asiri nezvaidiwa nomutemo. kudzivirira iyi ropafadzo ari machinda dare akasimbisa kuti kuritenga - aimbova murume akasununguka uyo wakati vakashanda Kupu, akakwanisa kusimbazve kwavaimboita munzanga. Akanga upenyu kodzero kupupura pedare vanonzi suit diki, t. E. Not zvakakura chaizvo nyaya. Hapana zvimwe chikamu aigona kuti haana kuita zvaanoda nevanhu.