Chii makabheji: mugwaro, description, photo, kurimwa

Munhu wose anoziva kuti makabheji zvinobatsira chaizvo uye zvinonaka miriwo. Izere mavhitaminzi uye chiya chisingadiwi zvinhu zvinodiwa ne muviri womunhu. Pasina makabheji iri yakabikwa muto. Its yakaviriswa, ine muto, pickled, uye zvichingodaro. D. In yakachena muriwo kuti rinoshandiswa salads siyana. Naizvozvo, varidzi pachake mubindu kakawanda akura chirimwa ichi.

Pane dzakasiyana. Kune mhando dzakadai broccoli uye konifurawa ramera, makabheji, kweBrussels inomera, pane kunyange runouyisa ane rudzi. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane pachake peculiarities ayo. Kukura gohwo rakanaka, mueni zhizha anofanira kuziva siyana mbeu uye mamiriro ayo. Nokuti marudzi akasiyana nemadhishi wakanyatsokodzera ake mhando makabheji.

General unhu

Kudzidza mubvunzo chii chinoitika makabheji, vanofanira kuteerera zvachiri. mhando dzose kunze Beijing, mashizha, Chinese uye mavara akasiyana-siyana vari biennial zvirimwa. Kana ruminant chinofanira kufungwa romuriwo. Negore iri biennial akasiyana-siyana vokutanga vave rosette mashizha uye okuchengetera nhengo (musoro). Kuunganidza mbeu kuti kurimwa, vanofanira kumirira kusvikira gore rinouya.

nemarudzi ose makabheji inogona kupatsanurwa muzvikwata 3. The mangwanani-siyana vagadzirira muunganidzwa mukati 2-3 mwedzi pashure chidzoke. Average goho chirimwa mhando pashure 3-5 mwedzi, uye gare gare - pashure 5-7 pemwedzi.

Zvichienderana rutoto zvinangwa, zvakakodzera kuverenga muunganidzwa nguva. Kana uchida tsime makabheji kuti manyoro salads, zvachose vasarudze mangwanani-mhando tsika. Late mhando akakodzera kucheka muriwo muchando.

seedling

Achida mubindu rake ichi romuriwo anoshamisa, unofanira kuziva apo inokura makabheji, kufanana kudyara mbeu dzayo. The yakanaka nguva maberekero mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vaiona February - May. Muchiitiko chino, iva nechokwadi kuti kufunga, kana kumirira yokukohwa.

Mbeu zvakanakisisa wakasimwa makate peat. Mizambiringa yakabva kumwe regai kushivirira transplanting. Saka, vari kusiyiwa Matangi aya. Kana mizambiringa yakabva kumwe achava mazuva 40-60, vari muvhu iri mugaba, apo vakakurira. Unogona kuita izvi zvishoma apfuura, asi zviri pakuraramisa navo zvikuru takasununguka ezvinhu.

Kana pakutanga kwematsutso chakasimwa rinoitwa ari girinihausi. Pano frosts haringakubayi miti. Vachikura mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro simba uye utano, vakagadzirira kukura musango.

History of kurimwa

Mizambiringa yakabva kumwe pamusoro makabheji, akasiyana izvo vanozivikanwa kwatiri nhasi, muchikura migero vekare vanhu kunyange 4 zviuru. Makore akapfuura. miriwo ichi akazviratidza muna Central, Western Mediterranean uye rakashandiswa se zvokudya vekare vaRoma, vaIjipiti, uye vaGiriki. A hama makabheji, iro mhando ano Kochan, rimwe shizha-siyana.

Mukuita pakukura yebudiriro uye basa zvinomera, anoshandiswa zvokudya, zvakatanga kukura uye ari mundima okumabvazuva. Maererano tichitarisa okunze, ivhu akatanga kuonekwa mhando itsva makabheji.

In nyika yedu, chirimwa ichi chinofanira 13-15 remakore kubva Western Europe. Cabbage ndiye zvakasimba muupenyu vagere Russia. Pano yave vazvinorimirwa mhando dzakawanda. Kwavari zvino kwekurasira kune nyika dzakavakidzana. Muzana remakore rechi19 paiva 22 nemarudzi makabheji. Vamwe vavo nevamwe.

In pre-echimurenga nguva yedu neminda isu oonera kupinza mbeu chirimwa ichi. Mhuka dzirambe dzichiberekana kwavaiita mhando, vakapa zvakawanda mhando itsva. Sezvo pezana remakore rechi20, Breeders vakauya mhando pamwe yakawedzera goho, kuramba mamiriro okunze.

VaNefirimu

Nhasi munyika yedu ikure zvose omunharaunda uye kupinza mhuka vanomiririrwa tsika. nhamba yavo zvachose zvino vanosvika 133 marudzi. Panewo zvimwe akasiyana makabheji VaNefirimu. Ivo basa chiratidzo F1.

In wadzo sezvamunoita yaisanganisira 24 uye 58 vakayambuka artificially kupinza zvirimwa. Breeders vanoshanda ichi kutungamirira zvichibvira kusika mhando husingakwanisi mamiriro rwakashata ekunze.

Kuunganidza goho napamitambo zvakasiyana, zvinokwanisika kudya miriwo ichi rose gore. The tanga mhando ripen muna April. Late makabheji inozviberekera kukohwa kusvikira October. Possible yokuchengetera miriwo kwenguva refu.

kabichi

Chimwe ndicho munyika yedu ndiyo makabheji. Grade, rondedzero kuti kunofambirana boka iri rakakamurwa mangwanani, pakati uye kurara. Hazvifaniri akura panzvimbo.

Seedling rinokura zvakanaka pedyo hanyanisi, mbatatisi, madomasi uye wemagaka. Nevhu rinogadzirirwa mu kuwa. Its vachera uye kuita mupfudze (mupfudze, manyowa) mune imwe mari 4 makirogiramu / m². Muchirimo pasi sunungura. Zvinokoshawo kuti fetiraiza. Matsime akanga akasima mizambiringa yakabva kumwe. Gomba izere manyowa uye fetiraiza. Next, mvura yakadururirwa pavo. Kana wefodya, kutanga kupinda mumwe zvakanaka kuti asimbise mizambiringa yakabva kumwe. Dzavo midzi inofanira kuva clod panyika.

Daro pa kumhara anofanira kuva 75h35, 60x40 kana 50x50 cm. Pamazuva achidiridzira mangwanani rinoitwa kumativi nechimwe chirimwa daily. Pashure pevhiki 1.5-2 inogona wakadiridzwa ane zvachose nzvimbo ruva mibhedha.

Kupfuura mukurumbira munyika yedu akasiyana akadai mangwanani: Number mumwe Gribovsky 147 (musoro 1-1.5 kg), The June (1-12 kg); Mid-: 1432 Golden hectare (1.2-2 kg) Stakhanovite 1513 (1.5-2.5 kg); Older: amateurs 611 (2.5-3 kg) kuhwanda 1474 (3.5-4 kg).

Scotch kale

Nokudzidza zvinoitika makabheji, zvinokosha kuti vaongorore sezvo yemarudzi dzvuku mhando iyi. subspecies Izvi ndezvako yapfuura boka netsika. Zvinonzi kusiyaniswa yepepuru-yakatsvuka nemashizha uye makabheji musoro. Zvakanyanya husingakwanisi chando zvirimwa. Rinoshandiswa nokuda salads, kusanganisira Mishonga. Izvi muriwo pickle. Semushonga zvinomera zviri zvinowanzoshandiswa zvavo mushonga.

tsika iyi wakange wakasimwa rakavhurika muvhu. Her kukura izwi mazuva 160. Hanya uye chakasimwa mizambiringa yakabva kumwe anobudiswa wakafanana makabheji. Popular mhando - Muenzaniso F1 (4 kg) Firebird (3 kg), Juno (1,2 kg).

savoy

Savoy makabheji (mufananidzo akapa Papera) akaita rakawunyana mashizha. Ivo akafukidzwa matema uye hadzina kufambiswa zvakanaka. Zvinonzi kudyiwa manyoro kana mushure Kupisa kurapwa. Tuvana miriwo ichi hachisi chero iri hama makabheji. Asi kunaka uye Mishonga maitiro kure kudarika chechipiri.

Savoy tsika ine mukuru zviri vhitamini C, chicherwa uye mapuroteni zvinoriumba. siyana iri rakura zvakafanana sezvo yapfuura mhando. Zvakakodzera kufunga Pakuurayiwa kumhara wake mizambiringa yakabva kumwe.

giredhi Popular - Mila 1 (3 kg), Jubheri 2170 (0,8 kg), Makuriro (2,5 kg).

kohlrabi

Savoy makabheji, mufananidzo yaiva kusimuka pamusoro, zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kwayo Mishonga unhu, asi kuchengetwa zvakanaka. Naizvozvo hositesi simbi giredhi rakashandiswa zvakadai kohlrabi pakugadzirira ndiro siyana.

Izvi makabheji nedzinde ane idenderedzwa chimiro. Kuti rinoshandiswa soups, salads. miriwo ichi zvakabviswa goho guru uye refu zviri vhitamini C. Zvinonzi dzabudapo inokudza uye nzira yakazaruka. Plants Vakasimwa ari chinhambwe 25x15 cm.

Kukohwa anotora nzvimbo apo madzinde kuva 8-10 masendimita ari dhayamita. In nyika yedu vanowanzobatwa akura Picante (0.5-0.9 kg), Vienna White 1350 (2,5 kg).

kweBrussels inomera

Source mapuroteni nokuti muviri kunogona kuva kweBrussels inomera. By parameter ichi raimiririra giredhi mberi belokochannaja boka 1.5. chirimwa ichi ane hunde varefu, izvo duku kochanchiki munguva axils mashizha maduku.

Panguva kukura wegadziriro zvakafanira kusimbisa jira dzichifura nitric miti. Kana kochanchiki kukura kunotanga, zvakakodzera kushandisa phosphorus-potassium fetiraiza. Kukura inomera musango kunoratidzwa kuva panzvimbo dzakareba kwacho. Mizambiringa yakabva kumwe inoiswa matsime panguva kakawanda 60x60 kana 70x70 cm. Chirimwa ichi hakudi kudiridza rukuru. Chete kunyanya akaoma nguva zvakakodzera kuti chamber munhu zvakakwana azvipire hwevhu.

Varimi Domestic akura mhando akadai Hercules 1342 (20-30 kochanchiki), kasiya (60-70 kochanchiki).

konifurawa

Kufunga chii makabheji ndechokuti, hatikwanise mumwe nevakawanda-siyana. musoro wake ari kudyiwa, zvinoita sokunge kuwedzera zvakasimba Inflorescence. Saka zita-siyana. konifurawa ichi.

It nokukurumidza vachaimba. Mazuva Just pashure 15-20 mushure yekudyara zvinomera muvhu, musoro wake kare akakodzera zvokudya. miriwo Izvi nyoro uye dzine. Kuitamba zvose zvinobvira nzira.

Best netsika zvose inokura panguva tembiricha kuti 14-17 inegumi. In mwando ichi uye ivhu angava akaderera. Chirimwa haashiviriri simba mhepo yakaoma. Asati yekudyara nyika nourume pamwe mupfudze, manyowa. The batch mangé mizambiringa yakabva kumwe rokutanga akawedzera matsime pakupera April. Gare gare, unogona kuita kudanwa mumwe 2-3 nemazuva 10 penguva. Kukohwa rinoitwa muna 2-2.5 mwedzi.

Nhasi kwokudiwa mhando sechando pasi pose (650-850 g), Express (350-500 g).

broccoli

Broccoli uye konifurawa ndivo dzepedyo hama. Asi wokutanga wavo tastier. In broccoli musoro-siyana akapeta. Zvokudya kuri akakodzera uye pasi mabukira. Naizvozvo, siyana ichi anonziwo broccoli.

mhando iyi vane mwero kuti kukura ezvinhu. Zvinogona pakarepo vyseevat muvhu mukupera April. Kana uchida kuunganidza kukohwa mune kuwa kwaro ugare June. Zvinogonekawo kuti kudyara mizambiringa yakabva kumwe. It anova kupfuura simba iri 35-45 zuva mushure kwaita matavi. matsime chinguva ndiyo 20x50 cm. Chinozivikanwa kusunungura ivhu, sora mibhedha uye mvura kwavari. Most akura mhando Linda (0.5 kg), Monterey (1.9 kg).

kale

Kana okunze mapazi hwokuratidza chirimo pfupi, zvinokosha kufunga serimwe rinogona kutsiva ruminant kale. Uyu biennial chirimwa. Nechipiriso kirasi zvinosanganisira zvadzinofura uye zvishongo mhuka.

mhando dzose shizha makabheji anogona kushandiswa kugadzirira zvokudya zvakasiyana-siyana. Kunyanya pashure chando. Asi vazhinji ichi zvipenyu zviri kurimwa sechinhu Sora chirimwa mubindu. Culture ane mbira serin'i pinnate mashizha. ruvara wavo zvichisiyana zvakasvibirira kuti Violet.

siyana Izvi zvinogona usimwe pakachena pasi seedling nzira. It hakurevi yakawanda unyoro.

Sheet makabheji kuti salads, kushandiswa kwayo ive chirungiso munguva pickling. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti boka jira anosanganisirawo dzimwe mhando Chinese cabbage. Zvisinei, tsika iyi inogona dzabudapo Kochan uye polukochannoy nezvimiro. Kusiyana shizha mhando, makabheji iri rinoda chaizvo pamusoro achidiridzira. Asi ayo goho riri kumusoro nemhaka pfupi pakunamata.

Muviri uye semushonga

Zvisinei marudzi, kale ane yakakwirira muviri ukoshi. mhando dzakawanda dzinoshandiswa sezvokudya Mishonga. zvakakanyiwa namafuta wake, ine muto, Marinated uye kudyiwa mbishi.

Zvichienderana kukura ezvinhu, kuti miriwo anowana mumwe akagadzirwa zvivako. Kana mvura yave chishoma, muna makabheji vachava zvishoma shuga. Panguva optimum tembiricha uye chiedza mamiriro Rinotarisira kuunganidza zvakawanda vhitamini C. The sezvamunoita rinosanganisira shoma muriwo mapuroteni. Asi zvinonzi zvakanaka yokuita zvinoitwa muviri womunhu.

Uyewo, miriwo iyi makazara mavhitaminzi. Pakati micronutrients rine calcium, potassium, phosphorus, sarufa, kuiisa chlorine. chigadzirwa Izvi zvinobatsira kwete chete yakachena asi pickled chimiro. Rinoshandiswa sezvi- kushandisa Kunyange zvazvo kwakabva matombo kubva chiropa, nduru dundira, uye anatsiridze kugaya.

Kusarudza makabheji siyana nokuda pickling, unofanira kuteerera Slavyanka, Yuzhanka 31 Biryuchekutskuyu 138 Volzhanka 9. Izvi kumusoro kuzvirereka zvirimwa. Zvinoumba musoro guru. Ivo kutsanangura refu shuga kugutsikana kuti kuitwawo chinovira muitiro yepamusoro. mavhitaminzi All uye zvicherwa huripo akasiyana makabheji vari kushingaira pakuita metabolic pezvakaitwa mumuviri.

Vanhu vanogara upise zvokudya chigadzirwa ichi, kunowedzera kutapata, kwava kugaya nani. Naizvozvo, nezvezvokudya vanokurudzira kudya miriwo ichi zvakasiyana-siyana zvirwere uye kuti ekudzivirira. A-siyana zvidzidzo iripo nhasi kubvumira kunhonga neimwe shanduro chikafu chigadzirwa maererano kufarira.

Zvatakurukura chii makabheji ndechokuti, unogona kusarudza zvakanaka siyana bindu renyu. zvakakodzera kuchaita kuti kuunganidza akapfuma kukohwa. Kugara kudya miriwo ichi chikafu, unogona kuvandudza utano, wedzera kutapata, uye kunyange kubvisa zvimwe zvirwere.