Chii Ebola? Ebola: zvinokonzera, zviratidzo, migumisiro

Africa. Ebola. Vatauri dzose pamwe aramu mushumo kunoitika pasi redu Pasi inotevera dambudziko nzvongo nezvaizoita utachiona, tsitsi agovatorera zviuru zvevanhu. Yaiti "Ebola" chakavigwa zvikuru chinotapukira chirwere pamwe chepamusoro mwero wokufa kwevanhu pakati kuonana uye kusvika 90 muzana varwere.

Chii Ebola?

Hemorrhagic Fivha - kusachengeteka kukuru nemavhairasi chirwere yakakonzerwa utachiona pakati Filoviruses mhuri ane mano pprovotsirovat yakanyanya ropa muvanhu uye dzimwe primates subspecies.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Nayo utachiona yakatanga dzoga uye akazarura mukunopera 70-ies pakati XX remakore muAfrica, muZaire, munzvimbo mvura yoRwizi zvakafanana zita, iro pashure vakatsunga zita rake se "Ebola". The nyika apo rokutanga kunyorwa nechirwere foci, akapa zita raro vakawanda subtypes uye kunotouraya causative mumiririri.

nzvongo yakaitika kanopfuura kamwe, asi uwandu hweHIV uye akafa kunoisawo hazvina ngozi dzakapoteredza States kusvikira 2014. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, chirwere hwapinda munyika dzakawanda, wabvunza ngozi yemapuraneti pamwero (kunorondedzerwa vaongorori kuti WHO kuti kutungamirira).

sei iwe kuwana?

Chii Ebola, zvava zvishoma zvakajeka. Asi sei kuti chizviponesa kubva zvakadai achinyengera zvirwere? Zvinozivikanwa kuti kukura zvokurwara kunoda zvakananga kwaaita mutakuri. Uye nokuda kuti, kusvikira ichangopfuura, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti vaende kondinendi dema, sezvo Africa - chikuru dzinongoitika muchengeti wakadaro chirwere.

Zvinonzi akacherechedza kuti mwando pakati AZHUTHA omunharaunda uye kumadokero nzvimbo Pacific pamhenderekedzo pave akanaka ezvinhu nokuti vashambadzi veshoko zvirwere izvi, kusanganisira vakawanda primates, zviremwaremwa, mhuka uye porcupines kazhinji pedyo kuonana omunharaunda vaAborigine. Kupiwa yakakwirira mano nayo utachiona yekutapurira kuti zvakakwana diki kuonana zvoutachiona zvinwiwa murwere, kusanganisira ropa, weti, mate uye nezvimwe secretions.

Southern kondinendi yaizivikanwa chaiyo kuvigwa tsika, uyewo zvishomanana uye inadequately kuremekedzwa uko nemitemo utsanana, kusaziva, kusanganisira vanachiremba mudonzvo, iyo anosarudza unhu ruzhinji vanhu kuti zvirwere.

mamirire kiriniki

Shoma panguva iyo zviratidzo chirwere anogona kuva pashure zvakananga kuonana murwere uye anodiwa kupatsanura varwere matanho okupedzisira kubvira mashomanana kusvika 3 mavhiki. Kana panguva ino varipo maitiro zviratidzo, yaida kurera aramu, uye kuva nechokwadi kuti kurapwa.

Akaora, fivha akaratidza nonspecific pavakanzwa pakatanga ari antigen uye kukura nokukurumidza immunological mhinduro. Fever, dzairwadza uye muviri wose, nomusoro, kwazvo huro, vakawanda simba, uye utera haasi aikudzwa kubva zvakafanana chirwere kutanga dzihwa kana chakasimba kufema zviratidzo zvakafanana.

Musiyano chikuru ndicho chimiro mutsvina yadzo, weti, mumarutsi mutsinga kana ropa mumate, uyewo Hemorrhagic ganda rashes, scleritis, ura, wakakodzera tropism pakati nayo utachiona kune vascular endothelium uye kukura ane womukati kana zvokunze ropa kuti ari kukonzera rufu dzakabudirira chirwere.

kuonekwa zvirwere

Humwe kusimudzira maitiro kunotoda mufananidzo, zvimwe rokuongorora mitoo anogona kudoma mutsa runowanzoitika Ebola utachiona, antigenic marongerwo uye anodzivirira antibodies zvinoberekwa muviri. Kuwedzera ropa ivhu vari pasi kuferefeta mate weti uye. Izvi non-invasive kuongororwa nzira inoshandiswa kuongorora nhau uye nokukurumidza kuziva utachiona.

Murabhoritari inoongorora kare nechirwere nemuumbi leukopenia uye thrombocytopenia, uyewo cytolytic makemikari chiropa masero, zvichiratidza kuti kukuvara nenyere.

Mabatirwo Hemorrhagic Fever

Matambudziko pakushandisa chirwere kamwe zvakare zvinoratidza vakatsauka hunhu zvirwere zvakadai Ebola. News kuti zvichangobva kukura yokudzivirira itsva kurwisa ichi pathologies ngozi vachangotanga kumbotambudzika miedzo kurapwa, vari mwoyo.

Sezvo mukuru nzira kurapa iri parizvino kushandiswa rehydration uye detoxification kurapa, kudzorera anetseke mvura uye electrolyte pakuenzanisa muviri. Zvinodhaka zviri achiita vaviri nomutsinga uye nemuromo zvichienderana kwokuomerwa murwere ezvinhu.

Experimentally achishandisa maererano masoja Sera haana kusvika zvakakodzera kunotoda kushanda. For inoshanda uye njodzi mushonga angada imwe nguva, izvo mberi depresses kwemanzwiro vatye veruzhinji kuziva, nekuti ndiwo utachiona Ebola, yave ichizivikanwa kwemakore anopfuura 30, asi saka kure havana kugamuchira inobudirira nzira yokudzivirira naro.

Zvokungwarira pamusoro pakuparadzirwa denda

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kuzivikanwa zvose kunyanya zvirwere ngozi zvinokosha kuti nokukurumidza uye zvakanaka localize. By zvinonetsa-vataurwa pamusoro uye Ebola, zvichangobva vanorumbidza pamusoro izvo zvinofanira zvachose vakatevera.

Kupatsanura varwere kuputira zviyero nevose neshamwari, uyewo mudonzvo chipatara zvakazara inofanira rakatangwa. All zvinhu utachiona, kusanganisira mbatya, andapeni, utsanana zvinhu, uye zvokurapa consumables zviri muchimiro syringes, droppers, magiravhusi uye zvinhu zvakafanana, kure sezvinobvira inofanira kuva zvakanaka disinfected kana kuraswa maererano nezvinodiwa nemitemo utsanana.

Uye, chokwadi, anofanira kuva nguva uye kuti vazivise zvakazara ruzhinji pamusoro chii kwezvirwere mhando ndiyo - Ebola. Nhau pamusoro zvose zvinoumba dambudziko uyewo zvichibvira kutyisidzira uye vanorumbidza nokudzivirirwa kubva chirwere kubudikidza utachiona achava zvikuru kubatsira, kunyanya vanogara dzomuAfrica.

Tinofanira kutya denda kuRussia?

How kuvimbisa epamba virologists, Ebola muRussia haazorambi kupararira. Kunyange kana kunyora utachiona pamusoro munharaunda yokumusha yedu vokuRussia vasina chikonzero chokunetseka pamusoro mukana wokuti idenda. Chokwadi, nzvimbo migwagwa uye mirayiridzo iri utachiona munyika, izvo hapana mubvunzo kufungwa kana uchironga pazororo ramangwana kunze.

Panguva miganhu kunowedzera kuzvidzora matanho kuuya, kunyanya kubva munyika dzine pamusoro Africa ngozi.

Vanachiremba vakanyevera uye vakadzidziswa kuziva nyaya. Kuramba kuongorora kuti kugadzirwa yokudzivirira uye zvinodhaka kurwisa causative pomutumwa. Nemamwe mashoko, Ebola muRussia kuwana simba nemishonga, hazvina haabvumiri kumwaya vakapoteredza nyika.

Zororo kana kwete kuti vazorore, kuti ndiwo mubvunzo?

Tourism ndiko kwainyanya mari kusvika hurumende bhajeti kazhinji, ari kuziva chikonzero nei nyika dzakawanda havadi kuvhara kana kurambidza kupinda. Chokwadika, uyu unechekuita kunyanya Liberia, Tunisia uye zvimwe "sick" mamiriro.

Asi usakanganwa pamusoro hwokufananidzira Russian uyai dzokugara, uyewo iri munharaunda Africa. Vakawanda vakanga zvimwe kufarira mubvunzo kana pane Ebola muIjipiti. Maererano achangopfuura zvakataurwa nehurumende dzematunhu, yakafanana yatanga denda haisati mavara. Mabhokisi zviyero uye inoomesera kurambidza vari kunze kwakavatadzisa.

Kuchovha kana rwendo, munhu wose rinorondedzera pachavo. Pashure rokutanga kuongororwa kuziva zvinobvira zvarakasiya utano chinzvimbo, enderana zvaidiwa nemitemo utsanana, chokudzivirira uye nenguva kutambira zvinodhaka antiviral mukana wokutapukirwa zvinogona kushoma. Kunyanya kuti Ebola muIjipiti harina kuzivikanwa.

Chii fungidziro youpenyu?

Dzakadzidza zvakadzama nhoroondo nyaya (chii Ebola, chii chacho kiriniki nemigumisiro kunobva kutyorwa), tinogona kunzwisisa kuti nei International Organization for Health akaziva akasimuka inopisa kondinendi kupararira yenjodzi nokuda yose nyika. Uyezve, mune chipo ezvinhu vaifamba dzakawanda uye vokukurukura zvine kupararira miganhu akadaro chirwere kutonetsa.

High prices hwenyama, mukuru virulence, kushaya zvakakwana zvishandiso uye unyanzvi kubatsira varwere achitya uye akafanana nhoroondo njodzi kufirimu unosuwisa, kunyanya nhoroondo Biological Weapons Convention, kunze kuzvidzora. Uye paunofunga kuti nhau yevanhu cyclical, uye kumativi pakutanga rokupedzisira remakore mamiriyoni upenyu kwakauraya "yeSpain", vachizengurira kudavira dzidziso rwokuzvarwa vakasarudzwa. Tariro chete anovata masayendisiti, rave akanunura vepasi kubva zvinouraya zvinhu zvemarudzi ose. Panguva ino, ndinogona chete kufunga zvakanaka, kuti vateerere zano Korneya Ivanovicha Chukovskogo uye zvinyoronyoro vanoimba: "Africa ndiye anotyisa, hongu, hongu, hongu! Africa ndiyo ngozi, hongu, hongu, hongu! Usaenda Africa, vana, haana! "

panzvimbo imwe epilogue

Zvinofanira akawedzera kuti, maererano ichangobva WHO umboo kubva pamugumo October 2014, rinoziviswa mukukunda Nigeria pamusoro zvirwere zvakadai Ebola. News, uyewo mashoko akadaro dzinobva kuti mazuva anopfuura 40 munyika zvisina kunyorwa chero panomuka mutsva chirwere. About vhiki pamberi pakuparadzirwa nayo utachiona kwave wakagumiswa muSenegal. Nokupfupikisa zvose pamusoro, zvinganzi yasimbiswa kuti chero chirwere chinogona uye zvinofanira kudziviswa. Uye izvozvo nguva zvakaoma emunhu vachaenda munhoroondo epidemiology, vachibvumira mune ramangwana kufunga zvose zvikanganiso uye dzakasiyiwa, uye tisingabvumiri utachiona kuikunda Homo sapiens.