Chii kenza metastatic? Nyanyisa anomera uye metastases

Kenza anonzi mambo zvirwere. By nhamba yevanofa , akatora 2nd nzvimbo munyika nhamba. Vanhu vanotya nechirwere "kenza", kuora mwoyo neshoko "metastasis." Asi kwete vose vakaipa. mushonga Modern kare kuramba maonero chirwere chisingarapiki. Chii chinonzi "kenza" uye kuti metastases kwakadaro kenza? Rega kuongorora.

Kenza - munhu akaipa nebundu?

Kazhinji, mumwe bundu nyanyisa kunoonekwa sechinhu kenza. Zita iri akapinda muna Hippocrates mushonga kuti bundu chitarisiko akayeuchidza gakanje ( "karkinos" muchiGiriki). Nokudaro carcinoma, kana kenza. Kuti tinzwisise kuti metastasis mune kenza, edza kutsanangura nyore uye kuti ndiyo kenza.

Fungidzira kuti mumuviri wako pane vamwe muchitokisi zvakaipa zvavo zvakanaka pakarepo ikava shato, iyo yakapoteredza, pane elongated muviri, akawanda cores uye nezvimwe kunotouraya. chikara ichi vakatanga zvisingadzorwi mugove, ari kubudisa yavo zvikara mhando pachavo. Saka kuti bundu chepuraimari. masero Good neZvapupu vavakidzani, uye "kuona" kuti nzvimbo iri duku, anomira kukamuka. Izvi zvinonzi kuonana chinovhiringidza. chikara yedu haina kupindura. Ivo dzikabereka vana anoisa kumanikidzwa vavakidzani aro, vachashora kunaka kuchinja. Uyezve, chikara yava anenge usingafi, sezvo chiite sero kufa hunhu (kana apoptosis), iye zvino akaratidza kwazvo havaratidzi. Nokuti yaro yemberi kukura omugungwa masero kukurudzira bundu kukura midziyo itsva ropa, uye pakudzivirira kwavo zvibereko chaiyo muchetura kuti vasaziva muviri wacho aripo Anti-bundu kutapata. vanozivawo sei kunyengedza uye poya immunokontrol sero muurayi T masero.

Chii chinonzi "metastasis"?

Sezvo bundu zvakajeka. Zvazvinosarira kuwedzera chipuka masero kuonekwe pamuviri pose, chero nhengo. Ivo kumurega kana vana kana vakuru, asi zvikuru mune avo pamusoro 50. Tichakurukura edza kunzwisisa kuti metastasis kenza. Mhuri zvikara iri kuwedzera uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuparadzira, rakapinza muruoko pedyo nhengo (Regional metastases). Uyezve, vanofanira kukomba muviri wose, iyo masero mutant patsanura kubva dzidzo mai vavo, vakapinda ropa uye / kana node uye avo dzakashongwa nomuviri murwere (kure metastases) ano.

Muchiitiko chokutanga dzinonzi hematogenous uye nhengo dzinobudisa wechipiri. Panguva itsva masero nzvimbo-mutant vari wakaiswa, uye zvose inodzokororwa. Izvi zvinonzi metastasis mune zvokurapa. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti rinotanga pakarepo pashure panowanikwa chinonyanya bundu, apo vamwe - chete pashure kuchinja chirwere mukupera nezvishoma. Vamwewo vanofunga kuti metastasis kunotanga pakarepo, asi havasi kutanga pakarepo. Ndiwo anonzi wakaderera metastases, hunobata pakuonekwa kukwana oncological kurapwa.

zvokukura kenza

Dzakafanana kupatsanura nekenza matanho ikoko, asi nyanzvi dzakawanda inoomerera TNM hurongwa. Kune anokudzwa matanho:

• Kuti - bundu iri kurapwa kuongororwa haisati kutsunga.
• Tis - pasina metastasis, kureva, akagara pasi.
• T1 - anenge akangofanana yapfuura pachikuva. Panguva iyi, mishonga iri kazhinji kubudirira. Dambudziko chete - padariro rokutanga kenza anogona kuonekwa bedzi mukana kana chinokosha kuongorora.
• T2 - kenza yakanga metastasized, asi zviri emunharaunda. The kushurudzira pano rakanyatsojeka zvakanaka, kunyange kupfuura kunzwisisa.
• T3 - kwete zvikuru dzakasiyana T2. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinodavira, panguva ino, kunze remunharaunda chikwata vari kure metastases. Zviratidzo zviri Danho rechitatu inogona avhiringidzwa uye ndisipo marwadzo, zvichiita kuti zviome kuziva. Kazhinji, 3 padanho kenza, somumwe, akatsunga pamadiro. Nokuti muviri wose pano ine nzira dzacho pachavo kunotoda mufananidzo.
• T4 - wokupedzisira pachikuva, umo metastasis vakapararira zvose pedyo uye dziri kure zvomukati. Saka varwere kuona kurwadziwa, utera, kurasikirwa uremu. Kazhinji, kenza hunokonzera rufu 4 madhigirii pamwe metastases. mhenyu Vangani vari varwere yakadaro, hazvibviri kupindura zvakarurama. The Photo takaisa pazasi inoratidza bundu zvezvinangwa ose metastasis.

metastatic Danho

In metastasis ine yayo yose, runotaurwa tsamba M. In katsamba pane chete kugamuchirwa dzidzo kure.

• MX - metastases hazvizivikanwi, sezvo ongororo asina inoitwa;
• Mo - bundu kure inotungamirwa akasawanikwa;
• M1 - padzakacherechedza kuvapo metastases kure.

Saka, shoko rokuti "metastasized 4 madhigirii" rinoreva 4-fung simba kenza.

Izvi zvichiitika yechipiri bundu inotungamirwa kunogona pose zvachose pamuviri, asi kazhinji kunokanganisa chiropa, uropi, mapapu, mapfupa rinenge uye mafuta tishu. Kana kenza mudumbu, ovary, rwatata, muura uye uterine metastases kunobvirawo ari peritoneum.

Nderipi ngozi kenza?

Mhinduro kumubvunzo kuti metastasis mu kenza, haangavi kwakakwana kana musingadi kuti hazvina kudaro zvikuru bundu chikuru ngozi zvinouraya, sezvo zvayo kwematunhu uye kunyanya kure yechipiri foci. Ichi chirwere anonzi metastatic kenza. Iye kunoita kuva simba inorwadza nezvekufadza, izvo kazhinji kukonzera murwere rwendo kuenda kwachiremba. kenza Izvi ngozi, kunyanya nemhaka zvakaoma kuziva localization pakati metastases, zvichiita kuti kukwana utsinye oparesheni uye radiotherapy. Chete mishonga (kushandisa zvinodhaka), uye kemikari-immunotherapy metastases kukanganisa zvose kamwechete, asi zvinosuwisa, kazhinji ane kurapa kwakadaro hakuna kukwana.

Zvaifungidzirwa

Vakanga zvakananga kuvimba kuti umo nhengo metastases. Chii anoramba mhenyu murwere, uyewo zvinoenderana mukuru mamiriro nhengo, uye nzvimbo kutanga kwekupwanyiwa bundu kubva kurapwa zvinogona kuitwa. Kana usingaiti chinhu, upenyu hwomunhu rinowanikwa nevanhu mwedzi, kubva 1 kusvika 6. Kana achiedza kuva nemaonero akanaka uye chido chakasimba kukurira chirwere, upenyu anotarisirwa iri kuwedzera yekudyidzana. Saka, kana chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda mabatiro metastases mumapapu kuti varwere kurarama kusvika makore 10, uye muna chiropa - kusvika 5 years. The kupfuura zvakafanira vaiona uropi metastases. Izvi nokuda specificity mumuviri uye dzikatadza kuita vazhinji parizvino anozivikanwa nzira kurapwa. The kupfuura zvakanaka fungidziro chirwere - kurarama anenge 2 years. Izvi zvinogoneka pakuvhiya zvichiteverwa nemwaranzi uye kunzwisisa kurapwa.

Zvinoita here kudzivisa kenza?

mubvunzo uyu ndiye anonakidza, zvichida, mumwe nomumwe. Research Institute of Russia uye dzimwe nyika Oncology aiitisa zviuru zvidzidzo yokuburitsa chikonzero foni mutation. Huru inokonzera kenza chero nhengo, masayendisiti inozvitaurawo kudya zvokudya zvine carcinogens, chero mhando nemwaranzi (mwaranzi, ultraviolet chiedza, uye vamwe), vamwe nemavhairasi (semuenzaniso, papilloma), kuvabereki kubatwa, kakawanda mupfungwa uye hakuvaki mararamiro. Pane dzakananga zvikonzero. Saka, zvinoita rinozivikanwa kuti kenza yemapapu zviri zvikuru nevakawanda vanosvuta pane vasiri vanosvuta, uye kenza chiropa uye mudumbu - kudhakwa. Somugumisiro, dzakakudzingai izvi zvinokonzera kubva hwako, isu yekuzvidzivirira zvirwere. Asi kunyange kana vanoshorwa nechirwere havagoni kupa mwoyo. Mazuvano, kenza kunyange Danho 3 ikarapwa zvikuru zvinobudirira. Chikuru chinhu chisingafaniri kukanganisa pamwe nechirwere.

Diagnostics

Mumwe zvisingafadzi zviri munhu akaipa bundu iri mumatanho mangwanani riri anenge kumbobvira vanoratidza zviratidzo. Kunze ndiko kenza ganda uye dzimwe nhengo, umo bundu inotungamirwa zvinogona kuonekwa nemaziso. Chimwe chinhu ndechokuti zviratidzo kenza uye zvimwe zvirwere zviri zvakafanana. Ivo:

• nekuneta;
• uremu;
• kushaya havi;
• pakarepo kwakaonekwa seal uye kuzvimba;
• kunyanya vangadikitira;
• kupererwa neropa.

Kana mukawana Zviratidzo izvi vanofanira kuona chiremba-oncologist vanobatirira kunotoda kuongororwa (palpation kuti kufungira nzvimbo, maekisirei, nhoroondo medical). Kuti uwane yakarurama nechirwere, zviri zvinodiwa kupinda Kenza Center, apo ivo kuita nhamba yezvidzidzo: X-ray, MRI, CT Scans, endoscopy, nokukanganisika ropa nemiedzo uye inoongorora biopsy oncomarkers.

Zviratidzo metastasis angava:

• wakakurisa node nodes;
• kukosora, bapu metastasis;
• awanda chiropa;
• metastases mu mapfupa - kurwadziwa maoko nemakumbo, kakawanda mitswe;
• muuropi - dzakasiyana-siyana chetsinga matambudziko, madzerere, kufambisa, kunzwa, kutaura, pfari.

Chirwere kwakafanana kuti anomera zvikuru.

mabatiro

kenza varwere Most kubatwa munharaunda. Zvisinei, kana zvichibvira, zviri chinodiwa kujekesa chirwere kuti munyaya yeUnited kenza centre, apo pane zvemberi michina uye mukuru-pamwero nyanzvi kushanda pamusoro Newest ruzivo. MuMoscow, ndiwo musimboti Blokhin Oncology uye Cancer Institute zita sydäntä. Kuti vasvike ikoko anogona chero mugari Russia, pashure kutora mirayiridzo kubva chiremba wako uye taronga. In St. Petersburg, ndiye ari Research Institute of Oncology ainzi Petrov.

nzvimbo idzi aite kuvhiya kubviswa bundu, kana zvichibvira, uye vaite marudzi anotevera yokurapa:

• nemwaranzi (radiosurgery);
• mishonga;
• zvirwere;
• Gene (asi inoshanda mishonga nokufumura murwere magene michina).