Attractions Ancient Greece. History of Ancient Greece

The Dzinde ano European yebudiriro zvechokwadi nezvenzvimbo Ancient Greece. mamiriro urwu rwave nemuumbi simba pamusoro pokumuka dzakawanda upenyu - sainzi, mushonga, zvematongerwo enyika, unyanzvi uye uzivi. Zvimwe Zvivako Greek yekare Vanochengetwa kusvikira nhasi. Zviri pamusoro pavo uye nezvenhoroondo masimba kamwe-guru ichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

Ancient Greece yaro dzakaitika kukosha

Under Ancient Greece kare kunzwisisa raora yebudiriro, urwo rwakatora makore anenge 3000, kubva chiuru chemakore chechitatu BC kusvika I remakore AD. Nyaya yokudana mumwe "Greece Ancient" munharaunda yacho ano wehurumende haisi kushandiswa. Munyika ino, ichi inotungamirwa civilizational rinonzi Hellas, nevagari vayo - Hellenes.

Description Ancient Greece vanofanira kutanga kukosha kwayo uye basa munhoroondo kukura Western budiriro. Saka, zvechokwadi kare vanodavira kuti zvakanga muGirisi yekare akateya nheyo European gutsaruzhinji, uzivi, unyanzvi uye mapurani. The Greek Hurumende yakakundwa neRoma, asi panguva imwe chete akakwereta hweRoma uye zvikuru zviri tsika Greek yekare.

Izvi zvakapembererwa muGirisi yekare - haisi nyika yakakurumbira yakanaka ngano uye Zvakawanikwa zvesayenzi uye tsika nemagariro, uzivi uye nhetembo, mushonga uye mapurani. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nenzvimbo nzvimbo Greece yekare hakuiti uwirirane miganhu yazvino wehurumende. Izwi kare kazhinji inosanganisira expanses dzimwe nyika uye kumatunhu: Turkey, Cyprus, muCrimea uye kunyange eCaucasus. Monuments muGirisi yekare vakapona munzvimbo dzose idzi. Mukuwedzera, dzekare wechiGiriki kugarwa (nyuchi) vakanga kamwe vakapararira pamwe nemahombekombe reMediterranean, Black uye Azov makungwa.

Jogirafi uye map Ancient Greece

Hellas haana kuroora monolithic nedzidzo, mamiriro. On hwaro hwayo yakaumbwa vanopfuura gumi nevaviri yoga guta-inoti (kupfuura yakakurumbira vavo - Athens, Sparta, muPiraeus, Samosi Korinde). All inoti kweGirisi yekare vaiva vanonzi "policies" (nemamwe mazwi, guta), pamwe pedyo nenyika. Mumwe chiito ane mitemo yayo.

The nechepakati chinoumba Ancient Greece ari muBalkan Peninsula, kana pane, ayo kumaodzanyemba, kumadokero yezasi Asia Minor, uyewo muzvizhinji zvitsuwa munharaunda iyi. Ancient Greece yaiva zvikamu zvitatu: Northern Greece, Central Greece uye Peloponnese. Kuchamhembe ehurumende bordered pamwe kuMakedhoniya Illyria.

Historical Map Ancient Greece rinotaurwa pazasi.

Cities in Ancient Greece (policies)

sei guta muGirisi yekare?

Hatigoni kutaura kuti vaiva chic uye dzakaisvonaka tarirai, sezvo iri saka kazhinji vanoda kuratidza mumifananidzo. Kutaura zvazviri - iri ngano. Elegant uye vachivhaira nechiGiriki guta-inoti yakaonekwa chete huru dzinowanika zvivako, asi misha zvavo vomunyika vaiva nomwero zvikuru.

mumisha yevanhu yave kunyimwa chimwe nyaradzo. Vanyori venhoroondo vanofunga kuti vaGiriki vekare kunyange akavata kunze, pasi pabiravira. mumadhorobha mumugwagwa samambure yave hanya uye achirwara-mimba chikamu chikuru vavo uye havana kuwa chiedza chezuva.

Kuipa mamiriro ezvinhu aiva muAtene, iyo vafambi vazhinji nguva akataura nokuzvidzwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, nyaradzo uye pakupedzisira rakapinda mudzimba zvavo nevaGiriki. Saka, hondo yechimurenga mumaguta kukura uye kuronga dzomumusha panguva akaita Hippodamus murongedzeri paMireto. Ndiye wokutanga akaita kuti tifunge nzvimbo dzimba muguta uye akaedza kuvaka navo rwonzi.

Architectural varipo muGirisi yekare

Zvino zvakafanira kugara mumwe nyaya inokosha: kuti Greece vekare vatisiya, maererano zvokunyama sezvivako?

Attractions Ancient Greece - temberi, amphitheatres, dzasara paruzhinji nezvivako - zvakachengetedzwa munyika dzakawanda dzeEurope. Asi vakawanda vavo, Chokwadi, pamusoro munharaunda ano mamiriro chete zita.

Chinonyanya kukosha Zvivako vekare tsika zvinhu chiri tembere Greek yekare. Pavakanga dzakavakwa munyika Hellas, nokuti vaifunga kuti vanamwari madziri pachavo. nyika yakakurumbira izvi rainzwika Greece yekare inomira kundorwa pakanyorwa dzimwe Zvivako kweGirisi yekare - vakasara echiGiriki Acropolis uye dzimwe matongo akare.

Parthenon

Zvichida anozivikanwa kupfuura shongwe yekare Greek mapurani itemberi Parthenon. It yakavakwa 432 BC muAthens, uye nhasi ndiyo kucherechedzwa vashanyire chiratidzo Greece ano. Zvinozivikanwa kuti kuvakwa temberi iyi Doric rakaisvonaka vanotungamirirwa ezvivako uye Callicrates Iktinos, uye yakavakwa mukukudza mwarikadzi Athena - the aidzivirira vaAtene Acropolis.

Tisati nguva yedu rachengetedzwa kwazvo nechepakati chikamu Parthenon pamwe makumi mashanu pembiru. Pakati petemberi unokwanisa kuona kopi chivezwa chaAthena, akaita panguva dzenzou uye nendarama Phidias - inozivikanwa painter Greek uye muvezi.

Freese chakagadzirwa France lavishly yakashongedzwa zvakasiyana mifananidzo, uye pediments etemberi - zvinoshamisa zvivezwa.

temberi Hera

Mukuru zera temberi Greece yekare itembere mwarikadzi Hera. Nyanzvi dzinotaura kuti yakavakwa muzana remakore rechitanhatu BC. Zvinosuruvarisa, imba yaisaitirwa tangofanana iri Parthenon pakutanga remakore rechina yakanga zvikuru damage nokudengenyeka.

Temberi Hera iri muna Olympia. Maererano nengano, zvakanga chaipiwa vagari Elis Olympians. Foundation Danho, uyewo mashoma mbiru asara - zvose kuti zvakasara chikuru kuvakwa zvevakomana. Mumwe anogona chete kufungidzira akatarisa akaita avo yekare.

Panguva iyoyo, temberi Hera yakanga yakashongedzwa chidhori Hermes. Nhasi chivezwa wakachengetwa ari Archaeological Museum of Olympia. Zvinozivikanwa kuti VaRoma vekare vaishandisa Hera temberi Olympia sezvo tsvene. Nhasi nzvimbo iyi inozivikanwa kunyanya chokuti yeOlympic murazvo uzere pamusoro avaida inotevera Olympiad.

temberi Poseidon

Temberi Poseidon, kana panzvimbo yayo zvisaririra dziri pana Cape Sounion. It yakavakwa 455 BC. It richiripo mbiru 15 chete, asi vanotaura kunonyatsopupurira pamusoro ukuru meimba. Masayendisiti akawana kuti panzvimbo yetemberi, kuvaka kunyange asati atanga, paitova nedzimwe nzvimbo dzokunamatira. Tentatively vari yomusi VII remakore BC.

Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti mwari Poseidon mungano yechiGiriki - inyanzvi yamakungwa uye nyanza. Naizvozvo hachizi masanga vaGiriki vekare akanga asarudza nzvimbo yokuvaka temberi; nomusi Bluff yakatarisana neGungwa reAegean. Zviya, panzvimbo ino Mambo Aegeus akasvetuka kubva pamawere pamawere, kure kana akaona chikepe mwanakomana wake Theseus aine seiri dema.

In mhedziso ...

Greece Ancient - ndiko kutanga chaiyo munhoroondo European budiriro, iyo yaiva kwakabatsira pave European tsika, sainzi, unyanzvi uye mapurani. Rainzwika Greece yekare - ndiyo vakawanda noumambo netemberi, zvisaririra zviri Acropolis uye picturesque matongo, izvo akawanda vakapona. Nhasi zvinokwezva kuwanda evashanyi pasi pose.