Arabic chishongo. Ancient National chishongo

Dzidza uye kunzwisisa tsika vanhu zvinogoneka chete kuburikidza nhaka yaro tsika uye hwokudhirowa. Dangwe mabasa evanhu - decoration zvakasiyana mifananidzo pachavo, zvipfeko zvavo, imba, siyana zvinhu, maturusi zvombo. Zvinowanzoshandiswa chimiro uri mufananidzo - chinhu chekare chishongo. It haangaparadzaniswi kubva chinhu pamusoro iyo iripo. Asi kakawanda hazvina pacharo zvinokosha uye ibasa ounyanzvi. Wokugadzira vari geometric, maruva, kubudikidza mhando - mifananidzo, zvivezwa, kwakajeka mano. Chero chishongo chakanaka ane chaicho vavariro, zvinosanganisira mumwe kana kupfuura zvinhu. Wakaisa iyi zvinhu zviri chishongo anogara aurayiwa chimwe. Nenzira mufananidzo okunze, nzira dunhu mapatani tenzi akasikwa sezvo rinobatanidza motifs kubva kasvisto kana fauna of mifananidzo kana geometric motifs pamwe chinhu chimiro anogona tsunga tsika uye nhoroondo midzi chishongo, ayo achidiwa kunyanya vanhu.

Uye kana Classified muenzaniso, hurukuro yokutanga pamusoro wayo mavambo, uye ipapo kuziva chinangwa uye kugutsikana. Meaning of Ancient chishongo munyika dzose kusiyana kwemadzinza kukura ano siyana unyanzvi uye rwokugadzira hazvigoni dzakanaka.

Kupatsanura siyana zvishongo

Figures akajeka zvehari uye coinage pamusoro nendiro dzacho sirivha; Dunhu mapatani yekare samotkanyh pamakapeti, micheka; zvikuru rakarukwa tambo - zvishongo ichi mhando kukonzerwa nebasa evanhu (sezvazvakanyorwa akatanga kutaura - nyanzvi), saka akadana rwokugadzira. In Eastern nyika, kazhinji micheka muenzaniso zviratidzo zvakasiyana uye zviratidzo. Izvi mhando inonzi kwokufananidzira. Mubatanidzwa zviratidzo vane kunzwisisa hwokugadzira zvinhu pasina imwe rangano akapa zvakawanda kusimudzira geometric mhando. Izvi gothic zvishongo uye Arabic manyorerwo.

Zvinomera mhando ndicho uye kare. Zvinangwa ndiwo chaiwo makopi maruva, michero, zvinomera, mashizha vasamuziva kuti Kugadzira yavo. Pano, mumwe nomumwe rudzi ine kufarira zvinomera uye airemekedzwa. Uyewo zvishongo mhuka vatenzi yekare unoratidza dzomusango anovhima, kana avo kuti itsvene kwavari uye kurarama navo uye saka kunyanya airemekedzwa.

At mwoyo tarenda mhando chishongo vari non-aripo zvirimwa nemhuka. Ancient Rome, apo kunyanya kwazvo mifananidzo pamwe vanovengwa chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo uye mumhanzi uri, upenyu youmbozha kana zvombo zvechiuto, musha chinangwa chishongo. Denga uye nyeredzi, zuva uye Moon - tiri zvinhu astral mapatani runowanzoitika China uye Japan. Pakarepo kuberekwa yakanaka chishongo kwenzvimbo akadai: pairi, makomo, nzizi, mapopoma, masango uye minda. In Arab nyika, rakakura kukura Akagamuchira Kunyanya kunobva pakuonekwa mutauro wokutanga zvakanyorwa, zvinosanganisira tsamba zvimedu mashoko, mhando calligraphic ornamentation. mhando dzose zvishongo kashoma zviripo yakaisvonaka chimiro, vari zvakanyatsobatana kakawanda pinda uye mukwanisi mumwe.

Zvinoumba Arab unyanzvi

Works ounyanzvi akasikwa vanhu dzechiArab nyika , vari kunyanya zvokunamata uye expressiveness, pfungwa yakaisvonaka uye kutobaya zvakanaka. mapatani Arabic nezvishongo nevamwe uye yepakutanga ane kusiyana mikuru. Zvinonzi inobva chitendero wechiMuzirimu, izvo unorambidza unoratidza vanhu, mhuka, zvose zvipenyu. Naizvozvo, Somuenzaniso, Arabic chishongo kashoma zvinosanganisira zvinhu fauna of, uye ipapo mune stylized chimiro. Islamic tsika pedyo geometric motifs kuti vari hunoshamisa pfungwa rwokufamba chamazuva womunhu achinyatsotaurira munyika kunzwisisa, zviroto, chido chokudzidza zvakavanzika zvoupenyu.

Arabic chishongo ndiyo hwaro mapurasitiki art vaMuslim, chii chaiva unyanzvi pakati mifananidzo kumiririrwa mashoko, mashoko, aphorisms kubva Mutsvene Korani kwavari - calligraphy.

Chishongo sezvo rudzi Arab unyanzvi

Kudzidza mapatani uye ukama pamwe nenzanga Sora Ndiwe runoita kushandisa zvose mberi uri kubvira kare kusvikira nhasi. Arabic chishongo sezvo anokosha chinoumba akanaka uye yepakutanga art vokuMabvazuva ane aesthetic uye kugutsikana ndicho chinokosha mutsika nyika.

shepi urove yakaoma nyore uye hasha nemafungu, ivo vajaire chokwadi uye imire somuganhu pakati nyika uye murume. Arabic chishongo Rinozivisa nyika ine yomukati rakadzika paakasika vanatenzi vake. Zvinoita sokuti vakanga vakadzidza kubata yavo tarenda, mupfumi ruzivo kutamba saka matete rinoreva zvose vanhu zvakaitika. Kuti zvakazara buritsa pamuviri vavariro Arab chishongo, kuti muuki anoshandisa siyana, achivapa matswa tichibatsirwa chiedza uye mutauro ruvara.

Graphic chaikosha chinokurira, uye zvishongo kubva Arab vanatenzi sokuti voluminous, vakagwinya. Creatively tichichinja yose nzvimbo, hachishandi vadzime miganhu, achiishandura basa ravo rive rwaifadza. Ichi chinhu chakakosha kwazvo chinhu chinosiyanisa Arabic mapatani uye zvishongo kubva umwe.

Murairo mutinhimira ari chishongo

Nokuti murume ajaira chinonakidza kuti mutinhimira. masikati nousiku. Hope uye takamuka. Saka tiri kumirira iye mumabasa ounyanzvi: mimhanzi uye versification, paguva uye mapurani. Mutinhimira - ndiwo murayiro. Kutyora kana kushaya mutinhimira unovhiringidza kana kunyange kunovhiringidza. Zviri nokuda pamberi mutinhimira tiri kufara uye azere mushamiswe, kumuyemura runako mabasa art Arabic ornamentation pamusoro nesuko, zvidhina, huni, mhangura, uye sirivha. Zvinoita sokuti tenzi aiendawo mutinhimira kwemashoko uye zvishongo kudhirowa, kusimbisa runako uye kukosha muenzaniso zvinhu. Other Sora zvinhu akaisa kune imwe mutinhimira, uye pachinhu mumwe ivo mutinhimira. Arabic chishongo tenzi akafanana muitisi pakati mumhanzi. Saka, mabasa Sora iwe kwechokwadi saka zvinopindirana.

Types zvishongo Arabic

Kuti tinzwisise apo kuwana femero yavo kubva Arab vanatenzi, unofanira kupa kusingaperi mumarenje kuNorth Africa uye muArabhiya Peninsula: rakavhurika, rusina mugumo nzvimbo, twi, dzinopoterera nzira, mibhedha dzenzizi, zvikomo. meso jecha gilded pamberi merges pamwe yakajeka zvitema dzokudenga uye rwizi, uye pedyo mvura rakamonana anonhuwira makwenzi uye zvikuru inopenya mavara. Masters akachinja uye dzakashandisa chishongo zvose kuti kwemazana emakore zvavakomba. Motifs chaizvo. Kune kucherechedzwa okunze Somuenzaniso, tsika yekare, uye pane zvakaoma kuti zvisingaiti kuziva zvikabva ose. An chinhu chinokosha vechiArabhu chishongo ndiro raiva pedyo nebundu. Midzi ichi - iri chitendero vaMuslim. KuMabvazuva, akasiyana-siyana mufananidzo raiva pedyo nebundu iri chishongo dzakakomborerwa pfungwa upenyu hurefu uye mufaro. It rinowanzoshandiswa kwete chete nokuda pakukurukurirana, asi nekuda kutendeuka imwe mhando chishongo kune vamwe uye kupinda chinhu zvikuru chaihwoihwo.

girihi raiva pedyo nebundu

Girih - mufananidzo geometric chishongo. The huru zvinhu ndivo zvitarisiko: denderedzwa, denderedzwa, Triangle, square, polygons. Ivo zviratidzo zvose, umo zvinhu zvose yakavakirwa. Somuenzaniso, denderedzwa rinomiririra nepakati uye kufambisa yaiungana chokuita murayiro uye zvakajeka. Kubva nhamba idzi, zviratidzo Arab vanatenzi, akaramba Achitsaudzira uye superimposing rimwe panorumwe, kusika kunzwisisa, mathematically zvakarurama dzichienderana chishongo.

Uye kana kuonekwa Arabic zvishongo zvavo (ari chechi, somuenzaniso), zvino chinokushamisa ibatanidzo geometric zvitarisiko zviri muchadenga. Awesome zvakarurama akavezera muenzaniso chienderane pamwe chimiro namaberere maberere, muchimiro mahwindo. Zvinoshamisa ruvara magadzirirwo chishongo pamusoro remba uye masvingo, Gables uye pasi! All rino yoga uye pamwe chete nokuda kutamba chiedza uye mumvuri.

Islimi - gwara mubindu raMwari

At moyo vechiArabhu chishongo - Image kusingaperi zononoka mashizha nemaruva. It chiratidzo chinoramba nzira mubindu reEdheni, kana pfungwa iri mberi pakukura kunoita kutumbuka mitema awo. In chishongo islimi ane shanu nezvimiro: dzakarukwa, nyore, forked, omuarumondi serin'i uye mapapiro. siyana izvi havapo oga, ivo dzinopindirana uye muzadze mamwe motifs Arab chishongo kuti brooked hapana voids.

Khatai - itsanangudzo islimi. Avo madzinde namatavi, asi chaihwoihwo. In Arab nyika, rinowanzoshandiswa pamusoro pamadziro edzimba pamwe kupendwa zvirongo uye zvishongo makapeti.

Islamic arabesque

Munguva Islamic nyika vanowanzochema mhando Sora arabesque. Vari yakashongedzwa uye zvemumba, uye dzimba zvenyika, uye nzvimbo dzokunamatira. Izvi rworudzi chishongo inobva kudzokororwa zvezvidimbu mune imwe mutinhimira, uye haarambi chero mufananidzo. It kunova anobvisa mabviro, nokuti zvinhu zvinopinda mumwe.

Ari kuramba kurukiswa muenzaniso haazombotaurwi zvinoumba husingaperi Arab kuchiratidza kusaverengeka. Huru zvinhu vari arabesques chirimwa zvikamu uye intertwining, zvakabatana zvakasiyana ligature, kusiya kuenda kusaverengeka.

Arabic calligraphy

Special decoration unhu muchiArabic calligraphy. The chidzoke earufabheti uye kunyora zvavo anonzi kuti nokugadzirwa mukuru vanhu. Ancient ibwe zvakanyorwa kubva mumusha waNebhati, dzakararama akaita kunyange pre-Islamic kanomwe Arabic, zvinoratidza kuti navaArabhu akakwereta arufabheti nabattsev vavakidzani vanogara kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva muArabhiya Peninsula. Nokuti vaMuslim, muArabhia arufabheti ruzivo uye kuverenga akakomborerwa uye akakurudzirwa nokuda Koran. Mutauro Arabic chokwadi, mutauro matsvene kuti bhuku ose muMuslim. Zvino Koran, akava pokuungana nokuda Arab vanhu. Raishandiswa kutaura uye kunyora vanhu vakadzidza kubva chero kirasi zvitendero zvakasiyana. In ichi chaicho democratic zvinoreva kuti Arabic kunyora. Uye, chokwadi, kuti rava okusika chokushandisa. Masters pamusoro calligraphy, kunyanya avo akanyorwa Nash (makanyorwa Koran), anoitiswa neropafadzo chinzvimbo munzanga, riri pedyo kuti hurumende. Arabic calligraphy unyanzvi - paunhu, kutobaya uye vabatane. Nemhaka yake, muna Koran matsvene yazova chaihwo chimiro. Kakawanda, tenzi rusvingo zvishongo zvinopinda mabasa avo Arabic calligraphy ari muchimiro mashoko Holy Scriptures: "Mwari ngaarumbidzwe oga", "Simba nderaMwari"; kana munhu mashoko: "Mufaro", "Upenyu", "Asingagumi."