Akasvinudzwa Ferdinand Magellan? The rwokutanga munyika achitungamirirwa Ferdinand Magellan

Kutangira nguva kusiya nyika yedu uye kusvika mwedzi, vanhu vaifanira kuva yakarurama sezvinobvira kuziva chii chinodiwa kuti rwendo kwakadaro kure. Nemhaka noungwaru zvigadzirwa, ivo vanogona kukurukura nhepfenyuro zvidhakwa kutiza. Zvisinei, zvakasiyana chaizvo Kutarira rwendo Ferdinand Magellan, uyo akatora murayiro zvikepe shanu. Kusiyana pakutanga ezvinhu, vafambisi vakaenda kwete maererano pre-akagadzira nzira uye munzvimbo asingazivikanwi, mugomba rakadzikadzika mvura, uko ivo kumbobvira. Kana izvi rwendo uye munhu akanyora bhuku, zvingadai Hapana mubvunzo kuti akanga zita se "Ferdinand Magellan -. Nhoroondo yenyika rwokuparidza" Ukuwo, zita aigona kukwira uye hunakidze. nganonyorwa iri zvinogona kunzi "Ferdinand Magellan -. zviri wevarwi ari Indian Ocean" Chero zita kana vakapfeka bhuku rino, hwaizova nyaya kutenda uye simba noumhare. Saka ngationei kuti rwendo urwu akatipa vanhu ano. Tinogona kuona kuti Ferdinand Magellan wawanikwa.

Yakaitwa kushambira Magellan

Chinhu rwendo noushingi anotaurwa outsinye akashinga zvakapembererwa nguva dzose. Chakasimudzira zvarunzira vanhu vaifungei redu uye akaburuka munhau sezvo wokutanga rwendo munyika achitungamirirwa Ferdinand Magellan. Pamusana murume uyu akadzidza kuti America uye Asia anoudzawo guru yakawanda mvura pamusoro redu pane vakawanda mumakungwa. Panoperera rwendo urwu asisiri akapokana uye havana nharo pamusoro chii chimiro ndiye Earth. Izvi zvakawedzera mukana masayendisiti nguva, achivabvumira zvakarurama ngaaverenge kukura redu.

Kusuma Ferdinand Magellan pamwe gungwa pakufamba

Uyu munhu asina kuberekwa pakati murombo uye pakati kwamachinda. Saka zvechokwadi akaita saizvozvo, sezvakaita zvose vaduku vanokudzwa vakomana namazuva iwayo - akanga ave pazhem pasuwo ramambo. Kubva panguva iyi youpenyu hwake, munhu uyu akatanga kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro gungwa kufamba uye kunoshamisa nzendo. Ikoko akadzidza pamusoro ichangobva rwendo Hristofora Kolumba, uyo akadzokera nemahombekombe America. Ikoko muchirongwa kushingaira kutsvaka imwe yokumadokero nzira negungwa kuti "Spice Islands" (zvichireva Indonesia). More kutaura nevanhu ava, muduku Fernand, zvichida kare fungidzira upenyu huzere ushingi.

Chimbichimbi chinja zviitiko

Zvisinei, muna 1495 pane dambudziko guru - John II anofa, uye iye saka zvakanaka jaya. Somugumisiro njodzi iyi inowira simba mumaoko Manuel I, uyo asingadi kufunga zvinowanikwa nesayenzi, asi upfumi hwavo uye kuremekedza. Nokuti muduku muroti zvose kuchinja. Pasinei dzakawanda zvikumbiro Magellan kuronga wengarava rwendo, gavhuna anoramba wakasimba. Pashure pemakore anopfuura 10 kubva pakufa yapfuura mambo Fernand akabvumira nechikepe. Jaya iri muduku asi enterprising wakatuma yemauto dzinoshambira kunomisa ngarava nezvinonhuwira kubva Arab vatengesi. Kwapera nguva, akanga zvakare akatuma kugungwa, uye akatotanga asvika chichienda kuMalacca. Zvisinei, pasinei nezvakanakisisa zvingaedzwa jaya iri akashinga uye ushingi, mambo anotumira kuti "tizai", ichijekesa chiduku wezvokudya, uye adzingwa basa.

Magellan haana kurasa mwoyo

Pasinei zvose nezvinetso, gamba redu haana mwoyo. Simudza mudzimu kumubatsira vaimbova mukwasvi Joao kubva Lisbon. Pamwe chete taurirana kuti sei zviri nani pamberi kuchiva "Spice Islands". Zvose vakasvika pakugumisa kuti zvinokwanisika kuti tiite, kana iwe enda kumadokero uye kushambira mhiri gungwa pamusoro ichangobva kuwanikwa Balboa. Somunhu, uye mumwe hunoita mhiri penyanza yaiva "zvinonhuhwirira chitsuwa". Saka, mufambi yedu rakafuridzirwa anoramba zvikuru incredible pfungwa - kuongorora wokumavirira nzira dzokuMabvazuva. Zvisinei, pasina mari, uye mumazuva iwayo zvikepe havana kuvakwa, uye rwendo havana vakarongeka. Naizvozvo, Magellan akatanga kutsvaka mari. Achiziva kuti akanga asina kuwana Manuela rubatsiro, Ferdinand anosarudza kuenda mambo Spanish.

Ferdinand Magellan uye Spanish King

Mambo Spain ndiyo akangwara zvikuru kupfuura Manuela, uyo Magellan aiva kusawirirana. Izvi mambo wechiduku kwete chete kunodzivisa kuti aidzidzisa, asiwo anonyatsovafarira sei kuwana uye kushandisa kumadokero nzira kuna "Spice Islands". Nokuti iye, zvinoratidzika sezvine musoro, sezvo pakuvhurwa ichi nzira kamwe uye vose kuti agumise daka vake Portuguese navigators mugungwa Lanes. Key kufanana mukana pakupedzisira kubvutira "noupfu chitsuwa". Panguva kuti takasarudza kuita. Mambo afunga kuti rwendo Magellan anogona kuitwa kushandisa ngarava mashanu (sokuti, namambo akasarudza pano uye nokuponesa). Saka, Fernand akagadza mukuru mukuru uyu duku Spanish rengarava.

The rwendo wagadzirwa

Pakupedzisira, pashure refu gadziriro rose gore, vafambi nechikepe September 20, 1519. Saka vanoramba rwendo rwavo kusvikira 31 March gore rinouya. Panguva ino, vakakwanisa kusvika munzvimbo, iyo inozivikanwa nhasi sezvo Argentina. Zvisinei, chikwata yose unosuwa nokuti havagoni kuwana anodiwa nyika zambuko kuyambukira mamwe munyanza. Nokuda chii muna flotilla yokumukira. Panguva iyi, zvinokosha kubhadhara mutero kuna Magellan akakwanisa nokukurumidza kudzvinyirira kupandukira. Maviri rioters vakarasikirwa noupenyu hwavo.

Kuti Ferdinand Magellan yakawanikwa rwendo rwake

Mumazana rwacho chikwata kwave kuchiita zvakawanda nezvinetso, asi kuti vabudirire pachinangwa chayo chikuru. Akasvinudzwa Ferdinand Magellan? Nokufamba rokufambira, vakapiwa mazita vamwe ndima. Somuenzaniso, Patagonia ano inotumidzwa zita rayo kuti rwendo. Kuona vanhu vane simba bumbiro chikwata akanzwa dwarves tikafunga "akasimba" izvi ( "Patagonia" - Ispan "bolshenogie."). Pashure zvakazara gore pashure kutanga rwendo vatatu chitundumusere-musere asara akunde Strait of Magellan, sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi nhasi (chikepe rimwe yakadonha mishoma yapfuura, uye nevamwe vafambi vakanga vasara, uye chikepe vakadzokera Spain). Sezvo zita raro Magellan vanosungirwa nePacific Ocean. Explorer zita saka nokuda chokwadi kuti, tichienzanisa yapfuura, varege kubatwa dutu.

Zvakanga zviripo rwendo rakazovhurika Ferdinand Magellan? Nditongerei woga. Zvisinei, vakawanda aidzidzisa ari rwendo mari zvinodhura chaizvo.

Kufa yakakurumbira mufambi

Nokuda chokuti akapindira muhondo pakati pamarudzi, aidzidzisa akarasikirwa noupenyu hwake. Chete chikepe "Victoria" - mumwe shanu - kumusha kuchiteshi. Saka akagumisa nyaya sei Ferdinand Magellan akaita circumnavigation kwenyika yakakurumbira yokutanga. Mupfungwa, vachifamba naye, takakwanisa nani kunzwisisa manzwiro ruzivo vanhu reshivshiesya ichi nezano nechiito. Zvino tiri ichinyatsozivikanwa Ferdinand Magellan. Chii uye kupi yakavhurwa - isu ikozvino kuziva.