Zvakanaka nekuonekwa; description, mudziyo mhando uye unhu

The sewerage Hurongwa munhu muzvizhinji ose okunze, yakaitirwa kuti pave nechokwadi chokuti rinopindirana mudzimu pemambure. Well akataura anoshumira mumwe zvikuru hurongwa, naro rinoitwa nevanhu vanachiremba uye kuchenesa waivako mapaipi. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti zvinoumba izvi wegadziriro ndivo musimboti kwokunze tsvina.

Huru mhando

Zvichienderana rwendo, unogona kuona dzimwe mhando manholes, kusanganisira: Linear, muhombe, kiyi, kuzvidzora, kusuka, Perepadnaya, uyewo dzinokosha hukuru pamwe awanda mutsipa. Linear inofanira riri ngaatarire zvikamu mapaipi enyika ane nenamo iyo inoenderana nomutopota dhayamita. Michina vari munzvimbo idzodzo umo hurongwa anochinja mirayiridzo pemitsara Somuenzaniso kana cornering. musiyano uyu zvakasiyana mumatsime-pamusoro apa tireyi configurations, uko kunomiririrwa ari muchimiro kumeso munyonga chete risingamboshandisi nharaunda ine curvature. Zvinofanira kuva akaenzana katatu nomutopota dhayamita. Pakusarudza pakona ose vachishandisa kutenderera nyanzvi kurangarira kuti rirege kupfuura 90 °. Nodal akataura matsime riri pana avo pfungwa apo chimwe chikwata zvakabatana akawanda akarongwa hurongwa. Vane gungano mutserendende unobatanidza vaifanira matatu zvitengeswa ndokudzoka pombi. Kana totaura guru reservoirs, ari nodal matsime mavari vanonzi unobatanidza yomukati.

Description vamwe mhando manholes

matsime Test chiri panzvimbo pfungwa maererano zviri pachivanze, kana intracanal chirimwa samambure kune munhu mumugwagwa. Vari inoiswa kunze chivakwa mutsetse kubva mudzimba. matsime kwakadaro inodiwa kudzora nokushanda wegadziriro kuwedzera zvinhu. The kutanga nzvimbo kuisa kusuka matsime pane ndingangokuvara kunayisa nokuda velocities diki. Perepadnaya matsime zvinofanira riri pa pfungwa apo dzakasiyana dyisa nenyere uye nzira yokubudisa nomutopota chiratidzo tireyi. matsime Special vari zvaitoshamisa pakukura uye tsotsonya mutsipa. The nemuteresi Saka anofanira kuva dhayamita ine 600 mm uye daro pakati mumatsime ndiyo 50 mamita kana kupfuura.

Features manhole

Zvakanaka akataura chakavakirwa tireyi, sunroof, mutsipa uye kushanda yomukati. Magadzirirwo zvinogona kuitwa Kwakashandiswa micheka: ibwe vanonetseka, kongiri mabhuroko kana zvidhinha. Munguva diagram, humboo zvinhu zvinoratidzwa polygonal, vakakomba kana rectangular. Mujinga rinoumbwa munhu yanyatsosimba kongiri rakanyorwa kuti kuiswa pamubhedha mavhu. The chikuru rwokugadzira chikamu tireyi mabasa anoitwa mu-situ kongiri muchiso M200. It anoshandisa formwork, iyo izere esimende dhaka uye Akazadzisa chisimbiso.

The tsime rine kuona rukoronga, izvo zvinoenda patireyi mugove mairi kuti kutamira wastewater. Kana totaura Linear Misiyano tsime, ndizvo zvakananga chikamu tireyi, uye nechepasi - tote. Tireyi kukwirira hakufaniri zvishoma pane parameter iyo kunotema ari dhayamita makuru nenyere. On mativi ose tireyi inofanira kuva echiShinto kuti vane kutsvetera kwaari. echiShinto izvi vachava nzvimbo kuti hondo vashandi panguva yokuzvigadzirisa basa.

Features huru zvinoumba patsime

Kana uchifarira mudziyo iri manhole, ipapo unofanira kuziva kuti kwayo kushanda mukamuri ane kukwirira 1,800 mm. Zvadaro, sezvo dhayamita achazviisa ne nomutopota dhayamita. Kana zvapedzisira nzira iri 600 neMM, ari dhayamita pakati kubudiswa yokumusoro inofanira kuva akaenzana 1000 mm. Mutsipa ine mwero kukura kuti vakaenzana 700 mm. Kana nenyere dhayamita iri 600 neMM, mutsipa anofanira papi kuti raigona kuiswa yokuzvinatsa mudziyo. Nokuti achideredza kushanda yomukati uye mutsipa vari vakapakata mumabhuraketi uye vakatasva nezvikwiriso.

State zvaanoda madhoo

Simple munhuwo zvake zvingaita kuti tsotsonya hachifanani chinhu chinokosha pamusoro manhole. Asi ichi handizvo. The chikuru zvinhu nokuda kwezvifananidzo zvaAtemisi chikamu ichi anoita simbi. Madhoo nguruve-dzamatare manholes anogadzirwa maererano GOST 3634-61. chaikosha iri rinoumbwa muviri une muvharo nokuda vanomhanyisa pamutsipa, uye dhayamita okupedzisira anofanira kunge akaenzana 700 mm. The mawindo nokuti ndima imwe dhayamita ane 620 mm. Kana pane vanoda kuti ashandure mugwagwa manhole, ayo vakawanda achava akaenzana 134 makirogiramu, nepo mapapu anoiswa paguva rakarongwa, uye avo kurema ndiwo makirogiramu 80.

Madhoo manholes, GOST gadzira iyo yave ambotaurwa, uye anogona kuitwa kubva polymeric zvokuvakisa, ekupedzisira zvakasiyana nenyama, simba, mukurumari uye kwezvakatipoteredza kuchengeteka. Kana kushandisa polymer zvinhu zvokubikisa panguva zvaAtemisi fillers akawedzera, zvichiita marara muitiro hazviiti. Saka, zvinhu izvi hazvisi afarire reclaimers zvishandiswezve.

zvakanaka mudziyo

Nokuti hurongwa ishande zvakanaka, inofanira kushandiswa vaenzi, manholes vaiita Standards 8020-90. Panguva kutanga pavaipfuura earthworks, izvo zvinosanganisira kudiwa trenching uye kupikidura. kuti nyanzvi asati aite regadziriro basa muchimiro chokuguma ndima, kuti kuparadzwa pakati pamakwenzi uye anongoerekana kuti chikwata kuti kuvakwa. Mushure mugoronga wagadzirwa, Musana wacho kupetura, rusvingo materu pamakona vari zvinosimbiswa nemashoko chirongwa sezvo padanho kuzara. Kana ukasarudza kushandisa ibwe chimiro, nechepasi mugomba anofanira pa mvura layer pakukora iyo inofanira kuva masendimita 20. Mvura inogona kubudirira achishandisa bituminous yemastic.

Kuti vagadzire kongiri kana yanyatsosimba kongiri gomba chawo anofanira kugadzirira kuita kongiri ikanyanya, pakukora ekupedzisira inofanira kuva masendimita 10. Unogona kushandisa wakagadzirira akagadzirwa kongiri Slabs.

Nzira basa

Nyanzvi riite zvandinenge Maumbirwe tireyi mudziyo kubva kongiri pamwe chisimbiso muchimiro chisimbiso. Kumigumo sepombi anofanira rakanamatidzwa nebhitumini kana kongiri. Yomukati penyika pazvindori chinogadzirwa bhitumini. Kamwe pasi tora simba, unogona kuisa mhete uye uriri Slabs. Chinoteverwa pukuta ne esimende dhaka mapfundo chisimbiso bhitumini iyeyo. Munzvimbo umo Mapaipi vachapinda hurongwa, unofanira ivhu Castle masendimita 30, urefu mukuru 60 masendimita kufananidzwa dhayamita yacho nenyere.

Final basa

Miedzo yaifanira masikati, tsime iri uzere mvura kusvikira rokumusoro kumucheto, uye pamusoro nomutopota yakaiswa chivhariso. rutsigiro ichi rinoshanda chete chisimbiso mumagaba. Kunze rusvingo backfilled pamwe ivhu ndiro tsime nekuumbanidzwa. Around pamutsipa chakagadzirwa nekongiri bofu nzvimbo, noupamhi chiri 1.5 m. The majoini yasara inofanira dzoga kushandisa bhitumini.

mhedziso

Kana uchida sewerage gadziriro iri kushanda zvakanaka, unofanira kushandisa Standard. Madhoo nguruve-dzamatare manholes Somuenzaniso, anonzi akaita pamusoro pehurumende mitemo, zvange munyaya kumusoro.