Vangani muzana yemvura Panyika? Hydrosphere ane nyika uye kunyange zvinoriumba

Mvura inoita inokosha pakuita kuramba upenyu upi muviri. fuma Izvi zvinogona anomiririrwa matatu in aggregation: zvikukutu, mvura kana gaseous. Asi chikuru chinowanika womukati unosvikirwa womunhu muviri uye nezvimwe zvinhu, sezvo pano zvose nokukanganisika kuitike, uye kuti mariri zvose masero yechivako chacho.

muzana Vangani mvura panyika?

Maererano nokumwe kufungidzira, vanenge 71% mvura kunoitika pamusoro paNyika. It hunomiririrwa munyanza, nzizi, makungwa, madziva, anezvimiti, icebergs. Oga, vaiona pasi, uyewo kunze peya.

Kubva zvose izvi chitsama 3 chete% ndiyo mvura yakachena. Vazhinji zviri icebergs, uyewo nzizi uye madhamu pamusoro kondinendi. Saka chii chikamu mvura Earth iri mumakungwa? madziva ava nzvimbo munyu kuwanda H2O, inova 97% yose inowanwa.

Kana zvingaita kuunganidza zvose mvura zviri panyika, mune imwe donhwe, gungwa aizotora uwandu vanenge mamiriyoni 1,400. ³ km kure, uye yakachena kuunganidza kuderera mamiriyoni 10. ³ km. Sezvaunogona kuona, mvura yakachena muna 140 nguva isingasviki paNyika, kupfuura munyu.

Chii kubva muzana kunoitika mvura yakachena Panyika?

About 3% vose mvura yakachena zvinotora. Akawanda zviri kusimbiswa icebergs mu Upland chando uye pasi, uye kungoita zvishoma zvinokosha pamusoro rwizi uye gungwa makondinendi.

Kutaura zvazviri, mvura yakachena rakakamurwa nyore uye dzisingambosvikiki. Boka rokutanga ine nzizi, madziva uye marshes, uye pano zvinosanganisira mvura pamusoro akaturikidzana ose goko pasi uye kunze vaviri vaviri. All izvi vanhu vakadzidza kushandisa zvakavanakira.

Vangani muzana mvura yakachena panyika ndowenyika sasvikika? The wokutanga guru reserves muchimiro icebergs uye gomo snowpack. Zviri ivo vanoumba boka guru rutivi yakachena mvura. Uyewo, mvura yakadzika dzenyika nechepasi kuumba kuchikosha chikamu zvose itsva H2O. Hapana mumwe kana vamwe kunobva vanhu havasati vadzidza kushandisa, asi ichi ndicho nani guru, nekuti munhu haagoni zvakanaka kurasa zvakadai zvinokosha semvura.

The kwemvura zvakasikwa

Urume kuparadzirwa inoita basa rinokosha zvipenyu, sezvo Mvura chinhu zvakasikwa solvent. Izvi zvinoita huru womukati ezvinhu mhuka uye zvinomera.

Mvura kuramba kwete chete nomuviri vanhu nezvimwe zvisikwa, asiwo mvura nembiya: makungwa, nyanza, nzizi, madziva, anezvimiti. Urume kutenderera rinotanga kurasikirwa kunayisa sezvo mvura kana echando. Zvadaro, mvura rinoungana, uye ipapo Ipwa pasi pokudzora kwezvakatipoteredza. Izvi zvakanga pachena munguva kwemvura uye nokupisa. By Urume kuparadzirwa mumhepo zvinoenderana vangani muzana mvura panyika iri kusimbiswa zvikukutu, mvura uye gaseous mamiriro.

Circulation ndiko kwezvakatipoteredza kukosha kukuru, nokuti mvura achiparadzira mumhepo uye hydrosphere dzenyika nechepasi, uye pakudaro kuzvidzora okuchenesa. Mune dzimwe reservoirs, apo pakusvibiswa pamwero zvakakwirira zvakakwana, izvi wakakurira rakakura kukosha kwerunyararo upenyu, zvipenyu, zvinhu zvipenyu, asi kudzorerwa yekare "kuchena" Zvinotora nguva refu nguva.

Rakatanga mvura

Chirahwe sei paiva mvura yokutanga, havagoni kugadzirisa nechakare refu nguva. Zvisinei, pane zvave hypotheses akawanda kuti kupa dzidzo mikana emura munharaunda sayenzi.

Mumwe kufungidzira kwakadaro kunoreva nguva apo Pasi achiri kuchangotanga. Rinobatanidzwa ne kuwa "nyoro" meteorites kuti kwaizopa mvura. It rinoungana norudo dzenyika, kuti chamuita kuti chikuru hydration deko. Zvisinei, masayendisiti haagoni kupindura mubvunzo chii chikamu mvura kwePasi ine nguva iyoyo kure.

Chimwe dzidziso anobva pano kwakabva mumvura. The chikuru riwedzere kuti paumbwe pfungwa iyi yaiva kuwanikwa pfupi yakakwirira kuwanda deuterium inorema rehydrogen mumakungwa uye nyanza. The kwemakemikari yezvakaita deuterium zvokuti raigona kuumbwa chete munyika nokuwedzera mabhomba guru. Naizvozvo, masayendisiti anodavira kuti mvura achiumbwa panyika uye hazvisi yepasi pose mavambo. Zvisinei, vanotsvakurudza vanotsigira pfungwa iyi, achiri haagoni kupindura mubvunzo, vangani muzana mvura Panyika aiva 4.4 billion. Makore akapfuura.