Vachitaura paIndaneti. Chii URL-nzira, achazoburuka, IP-kero

Mumwe kuwana Indaneti ine yayo URL-nzira (dzakafanana zvekuvaka rokushandira - yezvisikwa zvekuvaka kero), iro rine mabhii uye zviratidzo, uye ndiye oga mumwe gwaro iri pemambure.

Chii URL-nzira, isu kamwe vakadzidza kuchikoro mukirasi kombiyuta sainzi, asi ngatitorei vanyatsoona wayo zvinoriumba nhengo.

Url-kero inoumbwa zita zvekuvaka (http:, ftp, uye mamwe mazita akafanana), pashure iyo mabhii akanyorwa ": //" kunoteverwa achazoburuka kero makombiyuta uye wakazara nzira kuti faira pakombiyuta inodzidzisa kuti ane ruzivo. Separate chiratidzo pakati yoga zita nerimwe - a "/". Somuenzaniso, tine Kero peji, URL iyo vachaona seizvi - http: //, uye ipapo ndichaenda zita kombiyuta iri kupitdomendeshevo network, uye ipapo achazoburuka zita, zvichiratidza, ndezvaiye website iyi upi mhando masangano - .com /.

Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani URL-nzira chii, zvinokosha kuziva tsanangudzo Domain kero uye IP-kero.

IP-kero - mana byte integer kuti kutaura kero kombiyuta nomumwe paIndaneti. Zvakanyorwa muchimiro Desyatkova uye rakakamurwa zvina pfungwa: 207.46.135.183. IP-kero rinoshandiswa chete nokuda kuziva nezvayo kombiyuta kweshamwari, apo umambo kero anoshandiswa nevanhu kuti kuwana imwe chinogona paIndaneti.

Domain - chikamu samambure, iyo anosarudza nzvimbo yomugariro, ukoshi sangano, uye zita rakapiwa muridzi nomumwe upfumi. inotongwa zita The unoverengwa uchibva kurudyi kuenda kuruboshwe. Mumwe inotongwa ari akaparadzaniswa pedyo dot. Heino mienzaniso nzvimbo vamwe nyika nemasangano:

au - Australia.

pa - Austria.

CA - Canada.

de - Germany.

kuti ru - Russian

uh - Ukraine.

UK - England.

isu - the United States.

ru - zvebhizimisi.

kudzidza - edzidzo.

Govment - enyika.

Int - dzakawanda.

org - siyana mashoko zvinhu paIndaneti.

Domains zvinoverengeka mumatunhu - kutanga (.mobi), repiri (imya.ru), chechitatu (imya.ru / zita /) uye zvichingodaro. Register yako achazoburuka, unogona chete pazuva rechipiri chechetere. Kuti aite izvi, unofanira kusika umambo zita renyu uye kutenga kodzero yokushandisa kwayo. Kodzero kushandisa achazoburuka yakatengwa kwegore rimwe, uye kana zvakakodzera, dzimwe nguva kushandiswa. Kuita zviito zvose zvakafanira zvinogona kuva inokosha Websites. Payment yakaitwa Via kubhengi kushandisa kana tichibatsirwa repaIndaneti mari hurongwa. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti umambo zita anofanira chete nerudzi rwayo, kureva, hazvifaniri kuva akafanana zita rimwe upfumi.

IP-kero uye umambo kero - izvi akasiyana siyana pakunyora chete zita kombiyuta. PaIndaneti pane chinokosha DNS-servers, kuburikidza icho mazita nzvimbo dziri vatendeukira IP-mazita.

IP-kero rinoshandiswa IP-dzakati kuti kutsunga hurukuro mashoko.

Pamwechete IP anotsanangura TCP-basa dzakati, iyo inorondedzera mhando mashoko chokufambisa. Message yaputswa akakwidzwa omumasherufu diki neezvitendero saizi (yairema anenge 1,500 bytes). Mumwe pasuru chakanyatsorongwa achiongorora. TCP-dzakati basa ndiko kuunganidza omumasherufu ari nenhevedzano uye kuzvidzora kuti nechokwadi kuti hapana Mabhokisi hadzina kushandurwa panguva dzaifanoiswa.
Sezvo protocols izvi nguva dzose kutora chikamu mune nokupfuuridzirwa mashoko, kazhinji kunzi TCP / IP-protocols.

Uwane ruzivo pamusoro pezviri URL-nzira uye achazoburuka kero, uyewo zvose zvakafanira mashoko ari pamusoro zvanyoreswa, unogona kuwana musi chaiwo zviwanikwa, uye verenga mumabhuku panyaya.

Asi zvakadaro ndinovimba kuti mamwe mashoko anobatsira here kuti ane URL-nzira, IP-kero uye achazoburuka zita, wadzidza nyaya ino.