Utsotso pfungwa mafuta emichindwe, kunyanya kugadzirwa, kushandiswa uye kukuvadza

The siyana mashoko anopa "chanza" musoro wenyaya kukurukurwa chinoreva zvakawanda. The inyaya - zvinobatsira kana kukuvadza womunhu mafuta muviri emichindwe, nokuti kupinza akawanda (anenge 500 matani pagore) munyika yedu.

Chii utsotso pfungwa mafuta emichindwe? Apo chigadzirwa ichi rinoshandiswa? Zvinobatsirei? Izvi, uyewo unhu okuwana uye nezvimwe zvinhu munyaya ino.

Palm mafuta: kushanda Description sezvamunoita

chanza mafuta Source - dzine chikamu zvibereko mafuta muchanza (Elaeis guineensis). In yayo mbishi chimiro chiri dzvuku-Orange ruvara, iro anokonzerwa refu zviri carotenoids. Kuva vavashandire, chigadzirwa anova tsvuku kana tsvuku. Red chairwo Kuchengetedzwa anoramba zvinovaka muviri (80%) munzvimbo yero ivo yekudyidzana vakarasika. Yellow mhando akapfuma zvine mafuta acids (50%), kunokuvadza muviri. The tsvuku mhando 38% yavo, uyezve zviri inozivikanwa tocotrienol (dzakachinjwa vhitamini E), vhitamini A uye husingakwanisi oxidative siyana.

Chii mafuta muchanza? Kubva chii kuti chigadzirwa ichi? Nokuti muchanza mafuta tsanga chinobviswa zvakaoma chinoumba (mbeu) michero. Zvinonzi dzinoratidzwa yellowness pamwero wenyika zvine mafuta acids, sezviri 80% (i.e. carotenoids husingakuvadzi vasipo). Past achinatsa zvigadzirwa anova chiedza.

Nokuti chikuru chigadzirwa sezvamunoita zvinosanganisira zvine mafuta palmitic uye stearic acid. The chikamu oleic (monounsaturated nuna) acid, 40% linoleic (polyunsaturated) - kusvika 10%. Recent pave muviri wakanaka uye zvinokosha utano. The sezvamunoita unotora mafuta emichindwe lauric myristic acid, oleic asidhi uye linoleic asidhi mairi vanenge 33%. The rakanatswa chigadzirwa zvakawanda pamusoro zvinovaka muviri vakarasika panguva kugadzira.

Zvokudya uye mumaindasitiri mafuta emichindwe, kushanda

The chikuru bhizimisi mafuta emichindwe vari Asia (South East), Latin America. Kumorwa michero mwedzi akaramba kudziya pamberi kutanga chinovira. Mushure pamota, mekuparadzanisa pulp, kwaizoita compressed guru. The mbishi chigadzirwa unonzi maindasitiri anonhuwirira uye haisi akakodzera rinodyiwa nevanhu. Nzvimbo chikuru chikumbiro - muchina, muchina mudziyo (sezvo mafuta aggregates).

Somugumisiro, wokunatswa mafuta dzinodyiwa inotengwa, yakazvimirira chikafu chigadzirwa. In hwekutengeserana, ayo zvinoenderana zviri 50%. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa maererano wakawedzera kudiwa miriwo miti tichifunga shoma zviwanikwa zvokufonongonwa uye Semi-zvakasimba kwemafuta. In zvokudya indasitiri nemichero zvigadzirwa vari zvinowanzoshandiswa anogadzira zvinhu bhekari uye confectionery zvigadzirwa, kukabatanidzwa nomukaka zvigadzirwa, kurerukirwa zvokudya, mucheche fomura.
Palm mafuta uye zvinoriumba yaro Mavhoriyamu guru ndivo cosmetology (sipo, ruomba, etc.), Vagadziri detergents, mhuri makenduru. Uyewo rinoshandiswa mune pharmacology uye kugadzirwa chikafu imhuka uye yehuku.

kugadzirwa Features

Chii utsotso pfungwa mafuta emichindwe? Tisati tapindura mubvunzo uyu, ngatimbotaura pamusoro zvinhu kugadzirwa chigadzirwa ichi. In fekitari mamiriro sumbu miti kubatwa yakaoma hwemvura kuti vaparadzane kure. Zvadaro, mumwe mbishi Kuumbwa kupa zvayo rwokugadzira mhuka.

Mukugadzirwa kwezvokudya giredhi mbishi zvinhu zviri sterilized, ipapo vakapfuura achinatsa (kuchenesa). Achinatsa kunosanganisira matanho akawanda:

• munguva Kukosa ari kutanga zvinhu haazotaurwizve oiri ichakasangana nezvimwewo;
• Centrifuge Unochenura mvura uye nezvishoma;
• hydration (mvura yokunatsa) rinoitwa pamwe dzokubudisa pakati phospholipids;
• nokuda neutralization vanobviswa hake mafuta acids;
• chigadzirwa iri bleached uye deodorized.

The hydrogenation (rehydrogen kurerekera zvinhu) rinoitwa kubvisa polyunsaturated mafuta acids (PUFAs).

Kuva nemano nokukurumidza oxidize PZHNK haakonzeri-refu kuchengetera chigadzirwa (kwete kupfuura mitanhatu), saka kuti kwavari, uye bvisai. Kuti mushure hydrogenation asina nevamwe pakubika, inozorodza mafuta (deodorized). Paaiita wandei inotengwa rakanatswa chigadzirwa kuti zvikuru kushandiswa nokuda yakaderera zvakakwana cost, asi kwete chaizvo kubatsira utano.

Palm mafuta: kubvunda pfungwa ehupfumi

The chanza nezvimwe miriwo nemafuta vane triatsilglitseroidy (remubatanidzwa glycerol esters kuti mafuta acids). muvhenganiswa mumwe oga chairwo chemico-mumuviri maitiro uye mwero utsotso. Inobva chokwadi, chii utsotso pfungwa mafuta emichindwe, vanoti zvikamu zviduku nhatu (marudzi) zvibereko.

1. mureza chigadzirwa zvikamu zviduku vakanga dzinoratidzwa utsotso tembiricha 36 ° C - 39 ° C. Kana roasting, hazvina kuputa, asingadi kuramba. Zvisinei, nokukurumidza anoomesa, saka chikafu chakabikwa pariri inokurudzirwa kushandisa inopisa kana kudziya.
2. Most chakapatsanurwa hwakasimba - stearin - zvinosanganisira zvinoumba margarine. Palm mafuta utsotso tembiricha iri - 48 ° C - 52 ° C.
3. Nokuti muchanza olein zvose mvura remelt kwemarudzi madhigirii - 16 ° C - 24 ° C. Kusachinja-chinja akafanana ruomba, chando mufiriji.

Stearin uye olein nokubudirira anoshandisa cosmetology.

Ndezvipi zvekudya zvine mafuta emichindwe

"Palm" zvigadzirwa marefu refractoriness, refu pasherufu upenyu.

1. Palm mafuta somunhu pazvokudya nomukaka zvigadzirwa: mukaka replacers (kusanganisira mufushwa), margarines, zvakaoma chizi, kupatsanurwa chizi, ruomba margarine, Anopararira, mhando dzakawanda chizi uye aizikirimu, yogati.
2. Furawa, confectionery zvigadzirwa namafuta emichindwe (nomukaka) rikasauya yakashapa, uye Haakurumidzi chinovira. Kudya mhando dzose pastries, makeke, mabhisikiti pamwe creamy layer mutengi mune rimwe dhigirii kana mumwe anorishandisa. It rinoshandiswa zvihwitsi mumakomba, chocolate.
3. Olein ari zvakakanyiwa namafuta zvigadzirwa, mbatatisi machipisi, yakagochwa nzungu, zviyo flakes, pakarepo noodles. Ari pre-mumapepa nezvikafu zvishoma, muto mixes, mayonnaise.

Saka, vakawanda yakatengwa zvigadzirwa Zvinodiwa kukuru pakati vakawanda, rine mafuta emichindwe.

How kuona pamberi mafuta emichindwe mune zvokudya

The mushandisi anofanira kuyeuka kuti mafuta emichindwe inofadza kuravira, kunonatsiridza kugadzirwa dzinokwanisa isingadhuri pane zvakasikwa zvigadzirwa. Products zviri mariri zvakachengeterwa kwenguva refu. Zvichifadza vaburitsi chinokwezva vatengi. Kana iwe vatenge zvakafanira kuti kuteerera kwete chete pamusoro mutengo Tag, asiwo mashoko okuchengetera: Farai-achitarisa masere-roll zvakajeka rine mafuta emichindwe.

Note: The rokuti "miriwo mafuta" kunosanganisira kushandiswa zviri mafuta muchanza. About kuzvitsinhanisa mureza yakashatiswa mumufambiro "chizi zvigadzirwa", "ruomba", "anovava ruomba", "chizi vakawanda", "mayonnaise", "yaiitwa yakapfupikiswa mukaka". Life (maererano GOST) zvigadzirwa vagadziri vasiri kazhinji vachinzi "chigadzirwa."

Rakajairika zvinhu inotsiviwa yemichindwe zvigadzirwa kubva mukaka. Kazhinji "nyepera" vanotengeswa pasi achinyepera ruomba. Natural chigadzirwa (20 rudzi), dzinoratidzwa yakasiyana mafuta kugutsikana uye zvakawanda anobatsira zvinhu. Mumwe zvazvakanakira - yakaderera ruomba utsotso tembiricha (24 kusvika 37 madhigirii). Anozivikanwa: repasi mwero kubudiswa, iri nyore wakafananidzwa ari mafuta muviri.

Ko utsotso tembiricha iri ruomba emichindwe mafuta? Hongu, zvakasiyana yakakwirira utsotso pfungwa, chigadzirwa zviri muduku yemichindwe mafuta creamy, kuva trudnousvaivaemym. On a chikamu chaiye chigadzirwa ine maitiro kubwinya, wakaputsika nechando zvidimbu. Anowedzeredza mafuta zvakaipa Rakasimbisa mu firiji, ane zvakare inopenya ruvara, haina kutyora. Utsotso pfungwa mafuta emichindwe - 48 ° C - 52 ° C.

Palm mafuta: kushandiswa

Emarudzi zvokudya mafuta emichindwe ichaongororwa kuti zvikuru kubatsira tsvuku, anoramba zvakawanda zvinovaka muviri mushure kurapwa.

1. Useful mavhitaminzi ayo sezvamunoita: A tambira pamusoro ziso zvomukati, E runodikanwa chiono zvakanaka uye zvinoita dzezvepabonde mumasero.
2. Richikwidibira remafuta akawandisa nokuda oleic, linoleic acids. Palm mafuta inodzorwa basa bile kuyerera uye zvomudumbu ezvinhu yose. Vakanatsa nasal ndima panguva kuzara.
3. Vamwe nezvezvokudya chigadzirwa inokurudzirwa senzira slimming (2 tsp achitsanya).
4. Kana chakabikwa mafuta ari oga nokupisa kwakadaro uye chadit uye zvigadzirwa kufukidzwa zvinokwezva Crisp. Added kuti mukanyiwa, rinopa chigadzirwa crispness uye kusimba hunonhuhwira.
5. "Palm" Masiki zvinoshandiswa Gloss, bvudzi kukura uye kupora.
6. On ayo hwaro, zvizorwa mumakenduru, Sipo anobudiswa. Nokuda chaivo ukoshi inoshandiswa kutarisira dambudziko ganda, ayo rejuvenation uye Anti-aliasing.
7. Bathroom pamwe shoma mumate mafuta kunoderedza kunetseka, anoita mashandiro tsinga.
8. Washing upfu rayo kugutsikana hakusi utano.

Zvinofanira kusiyanisa kudya tsvuku (zvakaipa) mafuta kubva hwokugadzira (untreated) ane fingapirindi Hue. Achishandisa inokosha rwokugadzira uye fractionation mhando zvokudya yakachengeteka. Quality, mutengi kufunga anoonekwa kuti zvibereko "Zlata Palma" uye "Royal".

Palm mafuta: kukuvadza

Zvinokuvadza anonhuwirira hydrogenation kare. The mafuta emura, saturable muitiro rehydrogen maatomu pamwe nickel uye Platinum catalysts ari kutendeuka kuva mafuta hwakasimba. Akafanirwa kuti chidzoke mhiri mafuta kuburikidza hydrogenation, zvichikonzera routano:

• neuropsychiatric zvinetso, ungaderedza mupfungwa kurinda nokuti chokuti mhiri mafuta DZEMUNHU DZINODZORA metabolic dzinotsanagura uropi;
• mhiri vanotsamwisa ropa mudziyo sclerosis, ischemic chirwere, mwoyo kukundikana, sitiroko;
• transzhirovymi mamorekuru isakarurama rinoreva pamusoro secretion Inosanganisa makemikari, saka digestibility nezvinetso kubudiswa uye chigadzirwa;
• mafuta aya wagumburiswa nekuchembera uye muchitokisi mutation, izvo hwakazara zvirwere nepfungwa uye kenza.

Mabhokisi ane hydrogenated chigadzirwa kunofanira kubatana runoenzanirana nhoko ( «mhiri-mafuta»).

Information: zvirokwazvo, dzakanga mwero kubudiswa, kuoma ari kuitwa zviri rakapera chigadzirwa. Asi yakarurama nokushanda zvomudumbu ino havagoni kuvimba chete pamusoro tembiricha: Regai kuvimba ngano zvachose blockage muviri "muchanza plasticine". Non-hydrogenated mafuta emichindwe kunogona kukuvadza chete kana zvisina mwero kushandiswa kwayo.

Musimboti wacho "muchanza" pamusoro mubvunzo

Kazhinji, kuti "dambudziko muchanza" riri sezvinotevera:

• Unhu zvigadzirwa vakachengeteka rinodyiwa;
• doro kunyange nani chigadzirwa akawanda hadzina zvinokuvadza utano;
• zvekushandisa mafuta vanofanira hakuna nzira kuti anwa.

Kutyora mitemo chokufambisa (somuenzaniso, matangi kuti peturu zvigadzirwa), mbishi zvinhu kubudiswa michina zvinopesana nemurairo Russian - kuti zvinokonzera chenhando pamusoro echiShinto mafuta emichindwe. Asi zvakaoma vagadziri manomano akaziva avhareji mutengi mu zvavaikanganisa.