Uori-zvinhu - pfungwa, mienzaniso. Anti-uori unyanzvi

Ose uori-chinhu - mumwe ezvinhu nako zvinobva uye anoparadzira uori. Kazhinji, izvi zvinhu zvinokonzerwa kusakwana rehurumende ino uye mitemo. Pasi mazita vakawanda zvikonzero kwekuwedzera uori, uyewo mweya uye nhungamiro Anti-uori unyanzvi.

nehanya vakuru

Wokutanga uori-zvinhu - the Latitude nemasimba adaro. Chii? chinhu ichi inobva nezvirango chokwadi kana kusava nguva uye zvigadziko sarudzo. Rinogonawo rinorondedzerwa co-ariko chete masimba siyana paruzhinji miviri kana vakuru. The chipauro chaizvo "adaro" rinoreva chaizvoizvo "achimuteerera kwayo chete kungwara."

Nemamwe mashoko, chinhu ichi chakaumbwa pane mamiriro ezvinhu apo mukuru anogamuchira mumwe rusununguko masimba haushandi uye anogona kuita zvisarudzo nokuda zvarwo (anonyanya zvemari). Kutsanangura muenzaniso uyu pane mienzaniso yakawanda. Kana nguva kutora chaicho sarudzo iri haana kunyorwa Administrative Regulation, mukuru nokuda zvinangwa zvoudyire yavo zvakananga kuwana mukana kunonoka kuitwa sarudzo iyi. Saka, zvinogona kupa kuti vamwe "mabasa" kuwedzera basa rayo.

Chimwe uori-zvinhu - nemaune mukupfuura kugona kwaro. chivi ichi unogona dzeko hurumende kana vehurumende.

pamutemo kusawirirana

"Pamakomba" mutemo kungaita kuti chokwadi kuti vakuru vane mukana kuzadza zvichiguma pakakoromoka ne-mitemo, musimboti izvo zvichakubatsira kuti vazvipfumise kana kuti vawane zvimwe zvinobatsira. MuRussia, zvakadarowo kwakasimbiswa muna 90s. Ipapo yekare mitemo Soviet pakarepo kuva ndonda uye nemirayiro matsva vakagamuchirwa kwemakore akawanda. Panguva ino paiva chaizvo pamutemo kurwisana.

Izvi uori-chinokonzera ine chokuti mitemo haigoni kubatwa musi upi zviduku nyaya, nokudaro nokugadzirisa neimwe kunyanya nyaya vatevedzere mutemo. Asi chii ipapo anoramba kuita zvinoitirwawo kusawirirana? Kwavari, kune mirayiro, izvo zvingaita zvakanaka kugadzirisa zvimwe zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, vamwe dzichipesana zvinoumba webasa mitumbi mamiriro zvinogona kugadziriswa.

Ko pamutemo nzvimbo uori-zvinhu? Just kana, kana basa mukuru haina zvinotsanangurwa zvizere akadzama ari mutemo. Hurumende inofanira kuvaka uye kuchengetedza hurongwa kwakadaro, zvisinei yavo yepamutemo nzvimbo kuziva chaizvo vachagara nzvimbo, mitsetse simba uye mutoro wose uori mhosva. Kana tsika kushanda zvinobudirira uye pasina chaakasiya ruchaparadzwa, uye aiva nomukurumbira kwevanhu chinhu, izvo kazhinji kunyunyuta, vachitsanangura zvikonzero rakakura evanoita zvepfumbamuromo.

The unoreva zvakawanda pamusoro administrative zvesangano

Kazhinji uori mhosva kuitika nokuda kukwana kana kushaya administrative dzokuvhiya. Muchiitiko ichi tiri zvakare kutaura kusakwana emurairo. Kuitira kudzivirira njodzi iyi, hurumende anofanira kutora vakadaro pamutemo mabasa, izvo aizopa zvose zvinobvira administrative nzira kunodiwa kusangana nevoruzhinji mubereko.

Mashoko ari mitemo iyi zvakakwana streamlined. Maererano nheyo tsananguro kukwana pamusoro administrative nzira, zvinokwanisika kupikisa vazhinji mitemo. Somuenzaniso, tiri kutaura pamusoro 80 nyaya reMitemo, achinongedza kuti purezidhendi ari mumiririri wehurumende ari dzakawanda munhandare. Zvisinei, mutemo hakusi uchida tsananguro pamusoro wokutanga pamutemo chiito.

Muenzaniso uyu unoratidza kuti pakududzira yacho-pamusoro apa ngozi chinhu uori uye kururama. Asi asina kururama uye isina basa inongoita atinoitwa chiitiko ichi. Kazhinji uori mhosva kuitika nokuti kuti machinda vari vagueness mitemo yedare mabasa avo uye kushandisa nzvimbo yavo kuti vazviyamure. Saka, vakawanda mabasa zviremera anofanira kuva rondedzero uye azere.

Okisheni (kwikwidzana) Maitiro

Mhando dzose paruzhinji tenders - a niche yakakura nokuda zvisiri pamutemo vapfume. Modern uori yokuRussia iri inobva mutengo makwikwi. Tinogona kutaura chinhu - kuvaka hombe kwezvivako muzvirongwa, kugadzirwa zvimwe zvinhu kuti mamiriro zvinodiwa. On dzavo tenders iri yemakwikwi hwaro - ichi hakusi mhando uori-zvinhu. Ivo anoshandiswa sezvo detours rokuvandudza, kana Kusakwana maitiro ayo kurwisana upfumi mhosva vakuru vari yasakara.

Maererano dzekare Zano Auktionen uye makwikwi zvinoshandiswa sezvinotevera. Machinda anokonzera tendering, zvazvinoita chisarudzo chokupedzisira pamusoro Kumukundi. vopa chirongwa boka kuti ichapa kuti rwemhando mutengo. Panyaya iyi, mari, Chokwadi, kuenda pamutemo muhomwe. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore - icho chimiro rollback yepakutanga.

Uyewo, machinda unogona kuridza tenders muchifarira makambani ndeve "avo" vanhu - shamwari kana hama. Kazhinji uori Russia ndiyo sezvinotevera. The kambani iri zvakabatana chaizvo nezviremera, anogamuchira chirongwa (eg mugwagwa kuvaka) ndokuhutengesera akangosiyiwa zvawo. Nemamwe mashoko, vamwe mari Data pamusoro Implementation ari wazvipira, achipinda kupfumisa vakuru, ndokusaka wokutanga kutamburira mugumisiro. Kana totaura kuvaka, zvingangoita kuti Muvaki achaponesa pamusoro zvokuvakisa, iyo ichaita kuti donhwe unhu basa. The mugwagwa mutsva achava pfupi-akararama, chivako chitsva achakurumidza vanoda kugadziridza, uye zvichingodaro. D. Izviwo, ndicho chikonzero makwikwi aya, umo vanoda kuti kuregeredza vakuru.

Tenders uye pemvura

Maererano nenhamba, kuona kuora-zvinhu zvinoratidza kuti zvirongwa izvi vachishandisa pakurwisa, kare kusundwa kubva pakutanga nzvimbo dzinonzi zviduku uori - kuchinjwa mari zvakananga vashandi vehurumende "muhamvuropu" nokuti urongwa vamwe mabasa. samambure kwakadaro kunogona kuva siyana siyana uye vanhu. Kazhinji nokuti vapfume kushandisa makwikwi kuti pave kambani-ne-usiku. Ivo dzatsakatika mushure mekugamuchira nehurumende kuitira (uye navo, uye mari).

The muenzaniso yemakwikwi iri anenge asara okupedzisira chiitiko pamwe kuchinjwa nemari masutukezi makazara mari. Nzira dzakadaro chinyakare vava mugove mafirimu. Kushandisa chimwe-zuva wekambani, kambani-buffers, uye mamwe mazano vashandi vehurumende kazhinji yokubvisa mari kunze kwenyika kuti "kuchena" navo uye vakachengeteka kushandisa sezvo nokutendeseka ndakawana. uori kwakadaro inobva pemvura. Izvi Nhoroondo vatorwa kana makambani vari kubatsira matsotsi vachanyoresa chakabiwa uye chakabiwa kubva ehurumende uye mitero.

administrative ematongerwo

Uyezve, uori-zvikonzero zviri kunyanya zvinodiwa kuti vagari zvakakodzera kuzadziswa zvavaida kodzero. Machinda anogona kumanikidza zvakaoma Miganhu uye inorema, kugamuchira mamiriro rubatsiro kudzivirira vanhu kana masangano, etc. The mamiriro - .. A chaiwo Ultra vires. Of zvose nenzira asakarurama vapfume vakuru zvinorondedzerwa mitemo, iri kupfuura unequivocal uye yakajeka chaizvo uori-zvinhu. Pfungwa yokuti "zvipingamupinyi administrative" zviri pachena uye yakajeka. Sezvo vaite pamwe nekurutsa refu, kunyanya kuwanda zvaida zvitupa uye zvichingodaro. D.

izvi risingafadzi mananara vagari vose vari yakaorera pasi nokuda chidzoke mishonga. Kudivi rimwe, pamutemo vanokwanisa kuti mari kupa zvimwe zvinobatsira kana basa, asi pane dzimwe - kuponesa dzichikunetsa pamusoro yainetsa. Ndicho maererano musimboti itsva uye anoshanda uori-zvinhu. Mumutemo hapana mienzaniso zvakawanda, asi vanogona kumiririrwa, pamwe vamwe kunzwisisa paruzhinji mabasa.

Dzimwe nguva zvinhu zvakadaro pamwe muchiuto, avo kodzero yokugara iri evanhu kondirakiti basa. Kuti amirisane zvose munhu anofanira kuunganidza vanopfuura gumi nevaviri arimo. Vose vakaitwa mumiviri yakasiyana hurumende uye machinda kuchangotanga niggle kunogona kukonzera inodzokororwa vatsungirire uye studding zvikumbaridzo akasiyana masangano, shumiro uye dzekushumira kundotsvaka atakatora kubva mazita uye photocopies. Kana zvakadaro akatunhidzwa uye inokosha nyaya mukuru kunobva kutapwa uye remangwana mugari zvakanaka, pane muedzo kushandisa chinzvimbo chake kuti vazvipfumise. Nemamwe mashoko, chete imwe yepamutemo akaperera kunogona kudzivirira munhu kubva vaida anonyengera.

In kururamisira zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mamiriro akaita matanho akawanda mumakore achangopfuura kugadzirisa dambudziko iri. Muna 2012 mumwe mutemo wakadzikwa kuti mararamiro zviremera-siyana evanhu mabasa. Zvikurukuru, utsanzi izvi zvava vehurumende basa kukumbira mamwe magwaro, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuti vanhu vawane zvakakodzera mapepa. Asi dambudziko richiri kushanda. Bvumira nayo - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvinangwa mamiriro ano neuwori mitemo.

Mashoko ari magwaro

Other zviratidzo uori-zvikonzero zviri kune dzimwe mitauro indeterminacy mutauro pamutemo muna zvitupa. Kazhinji, dambudziko iri kunokanganisa ukoshi nezvaakatonga. Kuti uzive kurwisana kwakadaro pane mitauro uye zviri pamutemo chaiwo unyanzvi.

Pane zvishomanana mitemo pamusoro drafting yemirau. Zvinyorwa inofanira kunyorwa zvakajeka uye zvinzwisiswe zvavo vomunyika mutauro. Paper, unofanira kuchenesa kubva mutauro zvakaoma uye streamlined, jargon, mashoko vatorwa, uye saka zvakawanda izwi - .. Chinhu chikonzero chikuru nokuda bureaucratic zvisizvo.

Pane inonzi pamutemo unyanzvi - mitemo, izvo mitemo yakanyorwa. Achirega kuteerera nhungamiro idzi kunoita pamutemo bepa rine uori. Zvisiri akaanyora mirayiro zvakakomba kuchidzivisa vatevedzere mutemo, anonoke basa miviri mamiriro, bvisai nguva yakawanda kubva vagari. A kunetsana zvinhu somunhu uori-chinhu - nharo angamuka, kusanganisira nokuda murombo unhu magwaro akadaro.

Anti-uori unyanzvi

MuRussia ano, mutemo, maererano izvo basa zviremera akabata neuwori unyanzvi. The chiyero rwakauya somugumisiro pamusoro ratification of Russian Federation United Nations Magungano. Wakaisa ichi mitemo vaida kugadzirisa mamiriro Anti-chiokomuhomwe uye embezzlement. Anti-uori unyanzvi zvinodiwa kuti nguva nenguva apiwa kunyatsoongorora administrative matanho uye dzepamutemo zviridzwa. Ongorora adequacy dzavo uye kubudirira mukurwisa bureaucratic hadzina kufambiswa zvakanaka.

The prerequisites Anti-uori unyanzvi muRussia ano ongororo yokungotaura uye Centre for Strategic Research Foundation "Indem", rakaitwa muna 2003. Vanamazvikokota kusunungurwa chiyeuchidzo chinokosha. Narwo unogona kuona kana aripo hurumende uori-zvinhu. Mienzaniso yakadaro zvinyorwa bhuku, hachishandi zvakadzidza kubva vatorwa Western ruzivo.

MuRussia, ndivo zvidzidzo rwayo rwokutanga. Vakaratidza kuti ezvinhu vachangobva yakabuda musika upfumi wechidiki hurumende nemasangano vakanga zvikuru kubatwa uori. Uye hazvina chete kuti vakuru vakuru vakanga kusiyaniswa nemakaro uye chido vazvipfumise zvisiri pamutemo. Zvingava vatorwa kufunga kuti vakuru vakuru ava vakashanda Russia. Chokwadi, ivo pose pose, asi nenzira kwekuva inoshanda ezvinhu, pane nzira kuti ndiparadzemo chero mikana nokuda kwepfumbamuromo. simba saibva muna Russian Federation kuvaka hurongwa hwakadaro haisati. Asi zvakanga zviri pakati pemakore 2000s vakatanga kubuda akatanga neuwori unyanzvi, izvo rubatsiro yemberi kuti pakurwisa uori tibudirire. Zvakabuda zvakagadzirwa idzodzo kare oneka nhasi.

Features neuwori unyanzvi

Anti-uori unyanzvi anonyanya kuitwa panguva padariro kuitwa pamutemo pamutemo chiito itsva. Saka ivo kubatsira kupfeka mutemo mutsva, chirevo kana gwaro watopiwa vasunungurwa ngozi pamutemo pakakoromoka. Kuongorora - imwe nzira kudzivisa uori ari ndima pakusika hurumende rakavhurika, voruzhinji kukurukurirana, neruzhinji upenyu enyika munyika, kubviswa administrative zvipingamupinyi basa. Zviri inoshanda chete tikafunga zvose pamusoro matanho uye zviitiko.

Yokudzivisa uori ongororo kuitwa miviri muhofisi Russian muchuchisi wacho, uyewo Ministry of Justice. basa ravo izvi zvakasiyana. Saka muchuchisi hofisi kukwira pahwaro kwemamiriro kuongororwa, chine zvinodiwa, ayo zvino zvaida kuti aurayiwe. zviyero kwakadaro - kudiwa kudzivirirwa kuti kuvandudza normative pamutemo chiito. In nemanyorerwo ichi gwaro macheki anogona kutora bvunzo anoverengeka. Achadzoka kuhofisi yake nguva, ari mafungiro Vaongorori, haangaoni kusangana zvose zvinodiwa neuwori musimboti.

Corruption uye lawmaking

Yokutanga neuwori Kuongorora chakagadzirirwa nechokwadi chokuchengeteka matanho anodiwa kuti kudzivirira voruzhinji ukama kubva zvichibvira rine uori. Zvinogona kuitika munzvimbo dzakawanda dzakasiyana uye mabasa.

Somuenzaniso, achitaura mirau, tisingatauri vevatariri - nyaya mutemo iyi. Vari pasi kunze simba. Achiratidza ezvinhu muparamende Russian muna 2002, apo 80 vari 179 nhengo Federation Council iri entrepreneur kana lobbyists vemasangano akasiyana. Nemamwe mashoko, zvose mitemo pamusoro dzemabhizimisi, vanofarira vanotorwa.

Mumamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, vamiririri makambani makuru aigona kumupa chinokosha zvinobatsira mune kumusika pakukuvadza vakwikwidzi. Kwakadaro mabasa zvinowanzotaurwa zvakazoita kuti kwaita maindasitiri nevhu rakawandisa. Chokwadi, ichi ndicho muenzaniso Lawmaking uori dzisingaiti uye neuwori Kuongorora aronga mitemo chete nezvombo izvi zvakavapo.