Uchimutarira kuti kukura centile pamatafura chaiko. Zvaida anthropometric Data kuti kunyatsoongorora kwomuviri

mwana mumwe nomumwe akasiyana - zviri pachena. Zvisinei, pane zvinoratidza kuti vana vamwe zera mapoka vanofanira anoenderana avhareji nemitemo. parameters izvi kubatsira chiremba kuziva zvinogona dambudziko kubva mumuviri uye mupfungwa kukura, uyewo kufunga kuvapo chero chirwere.

Maonero okukura chaiko mwana - inokosha zvikuru nguva dzose vanachiremba uye Chokwadi, vabereki. Anomiririra zvose izvi pachiyero, kuongorora uye matafura muupenyu mwana uye vanobvekupiko?

vachangoberekwa

Kana mwana azvarwa chete, pakarepo anowana mutengo wake wokutanga. Maererano Apgar mamakisi ari wokutanga uye wechishanu miniti kuti mwana wacho upenyu neonatologist anoisa imwe mari pfungwa. Kubva izvi nhamba mbiri napo kana achava namai vake, kana iye achida kupfuura mishonga, mubvunzo wokutanga kubaya.

Kid kuti gore

Mushure mwana ndiwo mwedzi mumwe, amai vangu kutakura mwana kuna chiremba kuti purogiramu nzira. Izvi kunoitika maererano purogiramu apo vana anotarazve:

• mwedzi mumwe;
• mwedzi mitatu;
• mwedzi mitanhatu;
• mwedzi mipfumbamwe;
• gumi mwedzi.

In Nzira idzi hayo tinyatsonzwisisa kukura centile pamatafura chaiko. Uyewo kurekodha zera, kana mwana akatanga kunyemwerera, kekutanga akagara pasi, shoko rokutanga sezvinobvira teething akasimuka, akatanga kufamba, akati. kuyera:

• Weight.
• muviri kureba.
• Volume / musoro sekamufarenzi.
• bhokisi saizi.
• The muviri tembiricha.
• fontanelle saizi.

Pahwaro nemashoko aya uye zvinogona ramai zvichemo, mwana anogona kutumwa okuwedzera miedzo kana mazvikokota mabiko. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, giredhi wenyama kukura centile pamatafura. Normal kukura date matafura munogara seva kutsikwa pakati Lanes, riri kuwanda 25-75 muzana. Asi mwana Angatanga chaizvo anowanzoita, kana mashoko ose zviratidzi vari chete siyana, kumusoro kana pazasi avhareji (mu iyi tinotaura pamusoro muviri mamiriro).

Centile tafura vakomana kusvikira rimwe gore

Kuyera mwana wacho kukura kusvika gore pakiriniki iri rinokosha purangazve pamwe miganhu. Mumwe wavo waitsimbirira musoro wemwana mumwe - makumbo.

Centile tafura vakomana nevasikana dzinewo mashoko mwana wacho kukura musoro. mitemo mismatch pamusoro parameter uyu mukana kutumira mwana kuna chiremba wetsinga.

Zvinhu kukanganisa kwomuviri

The utano mwana - Nde chinoratidza mamiriro utano hwake. Zvinoenderana zvinoverengeka on:

• okunze;
• nhodzera;
• simba;
• Hazvizivikanwi zvokunyama zvakanaka nemhuri;
• kuomerera yezuva;
• vabereki kuti mwana;
• mupfungwa mumhepo mumhuri.

Zvaida anthropometric Data nokuda dzinoongorora kukura vana mumuviri pashure gore

Uchimutarira muviri kukura vana pashure gore nokuda zvinhu zvinotevera:

1. Somatic zviratidzo (uremu muna makirogiramu, nokukwirira cm muchipfuva sekamufarenzi mu cm).
2. Somatoscopic zviratidzo (state ganda integument, mucous membranes, pave subcutaneous mafuta, kukura zvetsandanyama nemapfupa ino, mwero dzepabonde pakukura).
3. Fiziometricheskie zviratidzo (tsandanyama simba, zvemapapu vanokwanisa, BP, kupomba mwero).
4. General utano (Kutamiswa zvirwere, kuvapo chirwere zvirwere).

Nzira dzekufambisa dzinoongorora kwomuviri iri zvachose kwezvipimo, nekuti chete nokutora kuyerwa pasi chete ezvinhu uye zvakafanana zvokushandisa, tinogona kutaura pamusoro comparability uye rakavimbika zvokutsvakurudza zvabuda.

somatic zviratidzi

Uchimutarira okukura ari mwana chaiko kazhinji inoitika sezvinotevera: somatic zviratidzi imwe mwana rinofananidzwa ne centile pamatafura maererano nezera uye pabonde. Sei matafura izvi tsvaka vakomana, unogona kuona pazasi.

Girls kukura rate vari siyanei. Makore maviri, vanowanzoita vari zvishoma pane vakomana, asi pashure ndibate pamwe uye kunyange pamberi kukura.

Tsvangurudza somatoscopic zviratidzi

Nzira zvekuongorora kwomuviri dzinosanganisira zvinhu chipimo zviratidzo. Vanogona kuva akadzidza mu zvinotevera tafura.

Fiziometricheskie zviratidzi

Kunyatsoongorora Kugadzirwa vadzidzi zvinooneka kuitika, kusanganisira nokuyera dzichipfekeka parameters muviri:

1. Inokosha chinzvimbo (vhoriyamu) the mapapu - chiyero kufema tsandanyama simba uye zvemapapu vanokwanisa. Chipimo rinoitwa uchishandisa spirometer mhepo kana mvura. zviratidzi Age-chokuita mune vana siyana zera uye pabonde ichava yakasiyana.

2. Simba reruoko tsandanyama - ukuru kukura netsandanyama. Nokuyerwa anoitwa mudziyo inonzi ruoko dynamometer.
3. Stanovoi simba - simba extensor tsandanyama muviri ari muhudyu mapfundo.
4. CHCHS - kwemwoyo.

5. BP kutanga kuyera makore manomwe. Kazhinji, zera ino systolic (repamusoro) anofanira kuva mukati 100-120 mm HG. Art uye diastolic (ezasi) -. 60-80 mmHg. Art.

Uchimutarira pamusoro pokumuka zviratidzo izvi hwomuviri zvinoitwa nokuenzanisa wacho kuita uye avhareji tsika zvakafanana nokuti zera uye munhui mapoka evana.

Dzimwe nzira kuti dzinoongorora kukura

Zvaida anthropometric Data kuti kunyatsoongorora rwomuviri kukura uye kushandisa dzimwe nzira:

1. Nzira anthropometric mitemo / sigmalnyh zvarakasiya. Kana kushandisa nzira iyi, ngaaverenge Proportional kukura. Nzira iyi kashoma kushandiswa nhasi, sezvo hazviratidzi zvizere mufananidzo pakukura uye kuongorora zvinhu voga.
2. Scale regression. Tafura Maonero nenzira iyi akaita kufungisisa correlations, inova mukana nzira. Asi hazvigoni kushandiswa vana ane disproportionate kukura nomumwe zvatariswa.
3. Ndeiya yakaita chikero Matveevoy N. A. nzira iri kushandiswa apo kupinda kirasi yokutanga, panguva yezwi 3, 8 uye 6 maminitsi makirasi. It inorangarira zviratidzo gumi okukura:
   - muviri uremu,
   - kukura;
   - denderedzwa (vhoriyamu) pechipfuva;
   - uwandu molars;
   - inogona mumapapu;
   - kakawanda (Nhamba anorova paminiti) kufamba kweropa;
   - kukura mafuta matanga panguva guvhu;
   - tsandanyama simba noruoko rworuboshwe;
   - tsandanyama simba rworudyi;
   - shoma uye kunonyanyisa BP. Nzira iyi ndiyo chaizvo zvakawanda, asi ane chete drawback sezvo nzira anthropometric mitemo. Naizvozvo, kuti tinyatsonzwisisa kwomuviri zvichava yakarurama kana ukashandisa mbiri-dimensional centile matafura, izvo kufungawo kutsamira pamusoro kureba body mass.
4. Centile maviri-dimensional tafura. Kukoshesa paruchaitika vosmiballnoy pamwero kuti inorangarira nhamba dzepabonde, zera, urefu uye uremu.
5. Centile chati pana I. M. Vorontsovu. Inoshandisa chikero kuti inorangarira zviratidzi zvitatu anokosha - muviri urefu, uremu uye kukura chipfuva wemwana. Miedzo (screenings) nenzira iyi rinoshandiswa pana yokungoitawo inspections kuti boka vana zvikuru zvokukura abnormalities.
6. Complex nzira.

Nzwisisika Kukoshesa nzira kwomuviri

All nzira zvakurukurwa pamusoro kufungawo chete morphological mashoko ose wakatarwa, asi kuti kukura munhu dzinongoitika uye zvakakodzera kuti vazvidavirire nokuda chaivo kukura. Complex nzira zvinosanganisira:

• Tinyatsonzwisisa zvoutachiona zera (pakuti zera kuibvisa pakati gadziriro uye nhengo mwana). Nzira: kufuta uye muviri urefu nokuda gore nokuwanda mazino zera, kuyaruka, mapfupa kukura midziyo.
• Nyorai Bumbiro nomuviri reshiyo zvakaumbwa makumbo, dumbu, muchipfuva, shure, tsandanyama kukura, mapfupa, adipose tishu.
• Anofungidzira pakuenzanisa zvechadenga nhamba yakakwirira uye muviri uremu.

Nzwisisika kupima kwomuviri, riri kuitwa muzvikoro zvokurapa uye yokudzivisa wezwi, uyewo panguva muAtlantic zvokurapa bvunzo anobvumira, zvichienderana Data wakaiswa kuti vagovere vana mumapoka vashanu akasiyana utano:

• I boka. Zvinosanganisira vana pasina chisingaperi zvirwere, kwete kukanganiswa uye kashoma kurwara, kuva mumuviri uye mupfungwa hurongwa pasina kutsauka.
• Group II. boka iri rinosanganisira muchikwata vana pasina chisingaperi zvirwere, uye kutambura nguva hapana anopfuura mana pagore, pamwe mukana chisingaperi zvirwere, pangava vasingakoshi zvarakasiya vari padanho kushanda hurongwa uye nhengo dzomuviri.
• Group III rinotsanangura vana chisingaperi zvirwere, pathologies (vachiberekwa, kwete mukuvhiringidza muviri kuti ishande kuitiswa), kazhinji kurwara (nguva anopfuura mana pagore).
• Group IV. Vana vakaremara zvokukura (vachiberekwa), chirwere zvirwere, kuchambokanganisa zvakajairika utano uye kunopindirana utano.
• V boka. boka iri zvinosanganisira vana vari kutambura zvakakomba chisingaperi zvirwere kuti kukonzera zvinetso pachena uye muviri inoshanda.

Teenagers

Uchimutarira pamusoro pokumuka kuyaruka hwomuviri haana kumbosiyana kubva iwe nzira aishanda vose vana. In vose matafura uye chikero zvinosanganisira mashoko vana makore 17.

Kunyange zvazvo, Chokwadi, hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti kukura vasikana pashure pemakore mapfumbamwe uye vakomana pashure gumi kusiyana yekudyidzana kubva kukura mwana muduku.

In kuyaruka, pane kuchinja ari kukura mumuviri uye nhengo uye nehurongwa kukura:

• Girls pasi pemakore 14 okuberekwa zviri yekudyidzana mberi nevezera ravo panyaya uremu parameters, urefu, chipfuva saizi.
• Munguva iyi pane simba kukura ashingaire chaizvo (vasikana vane nguva kukura kusvika 25 masendimita, uye wedzera 25 makirogiramu; vakomana - masendimita 35 uye 35 kg).
• By makore 13-15 zvakazara akapedza inotungamirwa yechipiri dzepabonde zvatariswa.
• Inoramba kukura huta, mupfungwa, zvemwoyo, kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa.
• Pulse uye BP zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika chokupika akura uye 18 rurege dzimwe nhamba 120 kusvika 65 115 vari vasikana uye 60 nevakomana.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kuwedzera kumhanya kwomuviri (kumhanyisa) iri yekudyidzana achinja mumakore achangopfuura nemitemo somatic indices.