Mapoka Age. Childhood, kuyaruka, kukwegura

Nezvinhu zvipenyu pfungwa shoko "kukura" rinoreva zvimwe kuchinja mumuviri womunhu. Zvaitika pamusoro nguva uye nokuda dzakawanda nezvaanogona ari Muviri, uye nokuda kudyidzana pamwe zvakatipoteredza. Zvisinei, zvakasiyana mapoka zera anozivikanwa kwete chete nokuda chaivo zvinhu. Mumwe chikamu mune munhu kukura vari uye zvimwewo zviitiko zviitike munhu.

Pane mitsara zvakajeka zera mapoka?

Periodization akasiyana zera mapoka haina rinorondedzerwa mupfungwa sayenzi zvinonyatsoteerera. Asi kunyange kana waivapo, hauzivi kuti itibatsire dzevanhu dzezvakatipoteredza zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, kuyaruka, maererano mamwe masayendisiti, kunoguma mumakore 18-20. Zvisinei, munyika dziri zvakaoma zveupfumi uye magariro evanhu, zvakanga hunogara kubva pakutanga kwayo kusvika matatu kana mana kwemakore. Pashure paizvozvo, achiri kushanda mwana vachamanikidzwa kupinda vayaruka.

Saizvozvowo zvingava zvakadaro, uye pamwe nemakore mukupera vayaruka. Setsika, zvinofungidzirwa kuti danho iri hariwaniki pamberi makore 60-65. Zvisinei, kana munhu ari kumanikidzwa kwenguva refu kuita basa rakaoma, isisina, kana pasi dzimwe yaivhuvhuta zvinhu, zvinokwanisika kuti mberi makore okuyaruka kwapera uye 45 makore.

muuduku

Early zera - nguva ino, kukurumidza kukura kutaura mabasa. Zvinotora nzvimbo zvakafanana pamwe zvishande nemagariro kukura. mano zvinooneka zviri rakawedzera. Chubby maviri egore mwana makore matanhatu, akatendeuka kuva mutete wechidiki ane co-kugadzwa uye agility. Kusiyanisa zvinotevera zera mapoka evana: uduku (rimwe gore), achiri muduku (makore 1-3), pauduku (makore manomwe), vadzidzi vaduku (pasi pemakore 10).

Early zera - nguva ino, kukura yenjere. Kusvika makore mashanu hwomwana kufunga yokusafa yepamusoro animism (endowing zvinhu ehupfumi zvipenyu), kuti materialization (muti midziyo wavo, kana muchimuka chaiwo), egocentrism (chete kunzwisisa nyika semaonero avo maonero).

kuyaruka

Masayendisiti akawanda, akanga semhosva yakakura nguva, zvichienderana vabereki, vari pakati uduku uye mukuru. mwana zvinodiwa chokuita mukuronga kwavo nounyanzvi upenyu, nokure rudo uye ushamwari, kuenzanirana nekutendawo vamwe pakugarisana. Kwavari, vava kukosha zveupfumi uye dzezvematongerwo enyika. Sezvinoratidzwa, ari tightening pakuyaruka iri kwenguva zvinoodza zvakawanda dzakabudirira. Muna 18-19 emakore, uyewo remakore rechi20 somugumisiro kukanganiswa kwoupfumi ezvinhu kana hondo kuyaruka, achiva vechibharo, vakakurumidza ikava vakuru.

Old zera - kunonoka akura

A nevamwe chinhu (inonzi mupfungwa neoplasm) akapiwa zera iri unhu hwakadai souchenjeri. Pauzima ruzivo kubva munhu kwenguva refu nguva rinobatsira ruzivo, mashoko ari zvikaramba kwavari muupenyu hwake hwose.

Asi, pasinei pamberi uchenjeri, uropi vakawanda vakwegura vanhu ndiko kubatwa zvishande zvirwere. Kutsakatika zvishande waivako anogona kuitika nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana: chirwere cheAlzheimer, penga nokuda kokuchembera dementia, chepfungwa ropa rive shoma. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti kukwegura muviri - Maitikiro acho kunotanga vasati vakwegura. Somuenzaniso, mumwe mukadzi mushure 30 anogona nechekare cherechedzai zvinoratidza kuchembera: zviduku wrinkles, kuderera kuti simba, graying bvudzi.

Pakukwegura, pane kuchinja zvose panguva vasiri pamwero, uye mumagakava upenyu wacho. Chokutanga, zviri zvikuru nokuda pamudyandigere. Izvi kuchinja chinzvimbo, uye kuchinja purogiramu upenyu. Kuburikidza nebasa nguva dzevanhu nguva dzose muronga. Retired kazhinji zvinoita sokuti mashoko aiva "kunze mutambo."

Kupatsanura Erickson: Early muduku

Mukurumbira wepfungwa E. Erickson akasarudza zvinotevera zera mapoka uye nhengo dzavo zvokukura kukura. Danho rokutanga - mucheche. Panguva ino, nyaya huru kuti kugadziriswa munhu duku, inoreva chivimbo kana kusavimbana nyika yakavapoteredza. Mwana kuona kuti roga kana nyika iri nzvimbo yakachengeteka, uye asi ngozi. Mugumisiro vabudirire apedza Danho iri yakakwirira azvipire simba uye mufaro.

Danho rechipiri anofukidza pemakore kuti matatu. Panguva ino, mwana ari kuramba ichiva akazvimirira. Children pasi 3 makore kuwedzera kunzwa kwavo rusununguko, sezvo kudzidza kufamba. Panguva iyoyo kwavari zvakafanira kuchengeta zvinhu kuvimbana. Huru basa pano iri kuridzwa ne vabereki. Its zvinodiwa, pane rumwe rutivi, kubatsira kuita izvozvo. Kana mwana kukurira mafungiro anoparadza, vabereki kurambidzwa kupinda simba. Ukuwo, ane pfungwa nyadzi. Pashure pezvose, kunyange kana musingadi tarisai mukuru mhaka naye, iye ari kuti nguva anonzwa kukuru zvakaipa. Nyika yakatipoteredza sezvo rwunotanga kuchengeta mukati kwaari.

On Danho kubvira 4 6 makore, mwana ane kusarudza pakati inotsiva maviri - chirongwa uye pfungwa mhosva. Anova zvokungofungidzira, zviri kushingaira invents game, vose dzakapfuma rova.

School uye kuyaruka kubudikidza Erickson

Kubva 6 kusvika 11 makore mwana anofanira kuumba pfungwa kugona. Kana asingadi, zvino kuchatsiviwa pfungwa vasingakoshi. Izvi imhaka yokuti pane ino nguva mwana vatenzi tsika tsika. Vana vari kutanga kuziva pachavo pamwe vakuru, avo vanomiririra imwe basa.

Stage kubvira 11 kusvika 20 makore, maererano Erikson, kunokosha pakukura wacho. Panguva iyi, mwana kana wechiduku anounganidza pachake mashoko sezvo zvikuru. Achitarisa pachake somudzidzi, shamwari, mwana vabereki vake, sportsmen uye zvichingodaro. Kana danho iri kubudirira, mune ramangwana munhu ane yakatsiga chinzvimbo muupenyu, akaumba kukwanisa kurarama nezvinetso.

Vakura Erickson

Kubva 21 kusvika 25 makore, vechidiki kutanga kugadzirisa kukura dambudziko vakuru. Ivo kuroorwa, kuronga mwana, vaite zvisarudzo zvinokosha.

zera izvi mapoka ndevamwe mapazi eumambo rwendo rwoupenyu, ine munhu kukura. Next anouya wakarebesa danho, zvisingaperi pana Erickson, kubvira 25 kusvika 60 makore. Panguva ino, chikuru dambudziko kwevanhu mira, nekusagona muupenyu. Asi kana ari kugona, ipapo iye anowana refu mubayiro - kunzwa anozvipira nokuzivikanwa simba.

Pazera, pane kuchinja dzinoitwa kuzvitonga uye upenyu pachako. Varume nevakadzi Panguva iyi zvakafanira kuti dambudziko pamusoro pakati zera. Mukadzi pashure 30 kunosvika yepamusoro nezvepabonde yavo.

Age makore 60 zvikurukuru novimba kunge akararama sei apfuura. Old zera iri rugare, kana kuti upenyu hwake munhu yabudirira zvandinenge, vaigara chiremerera wake. Zvikasadaro, zvichava kukurira kutambura.