Tsamba: vangani tsamba mitinhimira? Nemavara - Grade 1

Kunyora akazviratidza kare. Tsamba yokutanga vakanga Sumerian, vakanga akanyorwa hunokosha nevhu pamahwendefa achibatsirwa inopinza ruduku tsotso, izvo zvakagadzirwa ipwa kana tsanga. Asati kunyora, ivhu Boards yakagadzirwa kugocha ari muchoto uye kuomesa. MARARAMIRO achinyora budiriro chero venyika zvakafanana: kutanga, vanhu vari kuedza nezvevaKristu chinhu chinokosha achishandisa mifananidzo, uye ipapo kukwira zviratidzo zvakanyorwa, pictograms. mifananidzo Ndivo yaingowanikwa mutauro mumwe. Zvishoma nezvishoma kwaiva kuchinja kubva mufananidzo imwe shoko mufananidzo muenzaniso kuperetera shoko. Kumwe ari XV remakore BC akatanga paainyora arufabheti wokutanga, uye zvakaitika kubva vokuFenikiya. KwechiSlavonic arufabheti akanga arayira Cyril naMethodius muna 863. Rakanga achibudiswa kuitira kuti maBhaibheri nemabhuku echitendero Greek necheSalvic. Saka paiva Cyrillic, mai Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, uye mimwe mitauro necheSalvic.

arufabheti

The ano Russian arufabheti - nayo nani ne nguva uye tsime vaifunga kubva shanduro Old kwechiSlavonic. Tsamba All vari arufabheti vanosarudzirwa nenzira zvakajeka. In zvachose mune 33 tsamba. Alphabetical kuti zvakafanira streamline mashoko, somuenzaniso, kuti anyore maduramazwi, ndandanda nemaenisaikoropidhiya. Vasaziva arufabheti kunotanga kudzidza, nekuti kudzidza kuti, unofanira kukwanisa kuverenga, uye kuverenga zvinogoneka chete pamwe zvizere ruzivo tsamba. Kuchikoro chepuraimari ndakadzidza zvose zvinokosha: tsamba, tsamba zhinji uye rinonzwika namashoko siyana, izvo unorira akasarudzwa.

The tsamba ruzha

Akadana Graphics vatambi, uhwo akasarudzwa inzwi paainyora. nhamba yavo zvakajeka arufabheti, vane shoma zvikuru pane zvinoita. Kunyora mashoko vachishandisa mazita tsamba. Panyaya mangani tsamba uye rinonzwika mumutauro wokuRussia, unogona kupindura, kana uchinzwisisa zvinokosha phonetics.

Zviduku chairema mutauro ruzha, iyo pachayo haadi vanomiririra kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro zvinoreva, zvaakareva panguva (Kunze - shoko rine rimwe inzwi). Sounds kuridza basa rinokosha pakugadzirwa uye chiperengo. Uchibatsirwa dzavo, uye mashoko akasiyana, akasika ruzha goko uye akaita kwavari nevamwe chinhu. Mashoko anogona siyana uwandu inzwi kubva yavakanga vanoumbwa Somuenzaniso: segunguvo-Hopper, uyewo chine mazwi: Cake - pachiteshi, rum at - Catfish, bhinzi - password. Mashoko akasiyana ringaumbwa zvakafanana ruzha zviri yakasiyana kuitira: mugwenzi - muchipinda, hope - mumhuno. Mune mamwe mashoko iziviswe rimwe inzwi, asi zvakanyorwa tsamba mbiri: kugeza, wegamma. Muzviitiko izvi, mashoko nemavara vari kutaurwa zvishoma "elongated".

The ruzha anobudiswa panguva apo munhu exhales, uye vari kuumbwa nokuda nokufamba mudenga uye kushanda pamwe nemarunda pamusoro dokeriro, rurimi, miromo, uye meno.

rules chiperengo

Pakati yaivapo arufabheti Russian tsamba uye anotaura yavari nomuromo, pane ukama. Dzakabudirira mitemo yakasiyana kuti kushandisa imwe tsamba. Sei tsamba ruzha zhinji kuperetera mashoko ari munhu, zvinokosha kunzwisisa neimwe nyaya nomumwe. Kune mitemo fused uye vakaparadzana chiperengo, kushandisa hyphen, kunyora imwe kana mbiri "n", yakarurama chiperengo zviri nzvanyira iri pamudzi weshoko uye mimwe mitemo zvinokosha yomutauro. Zvose nemitemo zvinokosha, saka, zvinoda kunyatsoongorora.

Nhamba tsamba uye ruzha

Chii nengaidzo pakati "rinonzwika - tsamba" sei tsamba ruzha zhinji, asi, akaenzana kana nokuwanda mumutauro wokuRussia, zviri pachena muna kudzidza arufabheti. Full abvume ari kuchengetwa. Sezvambotaurwa, mumutauro Russian, 33 tsamba, uye uwandu ruzha zvechokwadi zvakawanda. Zvinoumba arufabheti vari iziviswe pamwe 43 Ruzha: 37 nemavara uye 6 mavhawero. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti emakonzonendi kupfuura letters: 21 kusvika 37, asi nzvanyira - asingasviki 6 kusvika 10 tsamba zvinoita. Izvi imhaka yokuti vamwe mavhawero kuratidza mbiri ruzha tsamba.

Tsamba inonyanyoshandiswa nemashoko akanyorwa nemabhii mazhinji, mitinhimira dzakawanda kudaro, kureva imwe tsamba inomirira rimwe inzwi. Somuenzaniso, shoko rokuti "kuramba" 5 5 tsamba ruzha, tsamba neimwe shoko anomirira rimwe inzwi.

Two tsamba mutauro wokuRussia haina kutaurwa zvavo. Tsamba idzi dziri nyoro chiratidzo b chiratidzo B zvakasimba tsamba mbeveve, ainzi. Ivo basa rinoitwa kupatsanura hunhu mashoko, kuti nyoro chiratidzo chinoshandiswawo kutsanangura ruzha softness, riri pamberi pake. Vamwe Mashoko ari mitemo tsamba yakanyorwa asi haana kutaurwa: moyo (mwoyo ne iziviswe kwazvo), zuva (sezvo sontse).

Iyo tsamba dzinomirira ruzha akawanda

nzvanyira Vangani nemavara mumutauro akadzidzisa mugiredhi rokutanga. Vakawanda vachiri kuyeuka kusvikira vana sezvo zvino duku mune singsong nenzwi anotaura mavhawero uye uwandu ruzha nako vataura. In Russian, mumwe ruzha shoma anoratidza zvimwe mavhawero emashoko izvo tinotaura haasi mumwe inzwi. Somuenzaniso, tsamba "Ini" mune zvimwe zviitiko iziviswe achishandisa ruzha, "d" uye "munhu", tsamba "fung" - "fung" uye "Y", tsamba "e" - "d" uye "munhu", "e" - "d" uye "e". Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti vaviri kurira Data anoratidza mavhawero kwete nguva dzose. Kuita ruzha-tsamba pachisara isu kutaridzwa kaviri kurira tsamba chete mune zvimwe zviitiko. Tsamba vangani kureva mavhawero takatsunga ne girama nemitemo yomutauro wokuRussia. Somuenzaniso, vaviri mitinhimira mavhawero anoratidza:

• mune zviitiko apo mari pakutanga mashoko: mutauro, tyoni, whirligig;
• mune zviitiko apo pane vamwe mavhawero: Baiyun, kabhini, akadya;
• vaya mashoko umo mavhawero akarongwa pashure zvakaoma nyoro kana b b chiratidzo: Tsoko, blizzard, connector.

Vangani machemero runotaurwa tsamba "I"? Tsamba "J"?

Special chinzvimbo ndiyo tsamba "d" - domów. Rinogona kushandiswa tsamba imwe chete uye kuva suffix iri kurira-tsamba kuongorora. Kana kurishandisa ive mutevedzeri kunan'anura miviri nzvanyira ruzha rinowanika rinokosha mamiriro chetsamba. How ruzha zhinji uye tsamba akashandiswa iyi chakanyorwa zvukobukvennom kuongorora. Hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti shoko "kutanga" tsamba anogona kushandiswa kwemashoko inzwi, "domów". Tsamba inogona kunyorwa pamberi uye pashure mavhawero uye kuratidza mumwe inzwi. Pashure nemavara "nd it" harishandiswi, uye pamberi emakonzonendi kazhinji: Jersey, yegungwa, Jay. Tsamba "uye" nguva dzose pamusoro tsamba anomirira rimwe inzwi. Hapana mitemo chaiwo girama hachisi kunyora tsamba ino.

Sei tsamba ruzha zhinji kuperetera mashoko ari nomumwe pakutsvaga nemitemo yomutauro mumutauro Russian.