Thorax

Iyo thorax chikamu chekunze kwemapfupa ekufema. Iyo inoita chinhu chinokosha, motokari, kudzivirira basa.

Thorax. Maitiro

Iyi nharaunda inomiririrwa nechirongwa chine bone-cartilaginous skeleton. Iko kunopfurikidza nemidziyo ye lymphatic uye yeropa, iyo mishonga inofanirana yemasaga, mamwe mavara akaoma, nerve fibers.

Ifupa-cartilaginous skeleton ine gumi nembiri yakagadzirwa nemagetsi, mbiru gumi nembiri dzebhiri uye sternum. Ivo vanoratidzwa pakati pavo kuburikidza nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemakemikari.

Muchikamu chechimiro chiri nhengo dzomukati: mapapu, nechomukati chekupumadza, chirwere, moyo nemamwe.

Iyo thorax inomiririrwa muchimiro chenguva isina kukwana, iyo yakagadziriswa. Inotsanangura masvingo mana. Iyo imwe yenyika inoumbwa nemari inotengesa mari uye sternum, iyo yakasvibiswa necheperi kumativi emakwenzi uye mutsvuku we thoracic. Gare gare (masvingo) masvingo anoumbwa nenyundo, iyo inoparadzaniswa ne-intercostal spaces (intercostal spaces).

Iyo thorax ine nzvimbo yepamusoro (orifice) yakasungwa nemututu wekutanga we thoracic, mugumo wepamusoro wesimbi sternum nechepamusoro pechigadziko pamusoro payo uye nemigumo yomukati yembambo dzekutanga. Iko rinoputirwa mukati. Mucheto unotungamira wepasi unoderedzwa pasi pasi kune chinzvimbo chekugara kwebambo. Nokudaro, jugular notch mu sternum iri pakati pechipiri nechechitatu thoracic vertebrae pamwero we intervertebral disc.

Kupfurikidza nekuzarura kwepamusoro kupfuura midziyo yeropa, sophagus, nerve fibers, trachea.

Kuvhura kwakaderera kunogadziriswa nemuviri wegumi nemaviri thoracic vertebra kubva kumashure, sternum xiphoid tsamberi mberi uye mbabvu dziri pasi kumativi. Kukura kwaro kwakakura kudarika ukuru hwepamusoro.

Kupindirana kwechinomwe kusvika kune gumi yebambo rib rinoumba anterolateral marginal (arch cost). Nzvimbo dzakasara uye dzakarurama dzomusara dzinobva kumativi dzinogadzirisa iyo subhorbid angle yakazaruka kusvika pasi. Pamusoro payo, iri pamwero wechitanhatu chetatu thoracic, inonzi xiphoid.

Chidimbu chine muzaruriro wekutenderera kweeophagus, aorta, mutsara wepasi, unovhara pasi.

Kubva pamagetsi emagetsi kumativi acho ndeye mapurmita emigero. Mavari, nzvimbo dzakasimuka dzemapapu dzinonamatira pamadziro echofu.

Flexible mari dzinoshongedza dzinopa kusununguka uye simba guru kune yese yakarongeka.

Iyo thorax inogona kuva nechimiro chakasiyana nekukura.

Kufambisa kwechimiro chose kunogadziriswa nehutano hwekudzimisa uye kufemerwa (kufamba kwepumusoro). Mukuona kwekuti zvikamu zvepamberi dzemakwenzi zvakabatana nesternum, kufemerwa kunofambidzana nekufamba kwezvose sternum uye nenyuchi. Kuwedzera kwavo kunoita kuti kuwedzere kwechirwere chekare (sagittal) uye chepachiviri chemasero mashekeri, kuwedzera kwenzvimbo dzakasununguka (nzvimbo dzekatikati). Zvose izvi zvinotsanangura kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemukati.

Kupera kwemazuva kunoenderana nekuderera kwe sternum uye kumagumo embabvu, kuderera kukuru mukukura kweanteroposterior, kuderedza nzvimbo dzomukatikati. Zvose izvi zvinotungamirira kukuderera kwehuwandu hwemukati.

Dhidziso yebhokisi

Izvi zvinowanzoitika kune vana. Yakawanda ndeyemhando mbiri dzekushandura: mhemberero-yakagadzirwa uye mazamu ehuku.

Muchiitiko chekutanga, mamiriro acho ezvinhu anokonzerwa nekusingaperi kwekunyura kwekunze kwe sternum. Nyuchi yehuchi - iyi ndiyo apo bhokisi rinodzima kunze. Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti rudzi urwu rwekushandura haruwanzoonekwi mukuita.

Anomalies ehurongwa, zvechokwadi, anokanganisa hutano hwemwana. Nebhokisi rinoputika rinowedzera emphysema (chronic lung disease, inoratidzwa nekuputsa mukufema).

Sezvakaratidzwa zvinoratidzira, mumatambudziko akawanda, nemhando iyi yekushungurudzwa, kupindira kwokuvhiya kunokosha.