The Red Book kwenharaunda Volgograd: zvinomera, shiri, mhuka

The Red Book of Volgograd dunhu - chaiyo gwaro yokudzora nzira kuchengetedza nemhuka munzvimbo. All chinhu kasvisto uye fauna of vari vakashumira muchimiro list, uko pamberi neimwe ine mwero husiri nyore kuwana kubva 1 (soro nenhanho ngozi) kusvika 7 (ngozi). Pane mazita vamiririri avo, Ukuwo munokosha 0. Izvi zvinoreva kuti havana anyangarika mudunhu. Uyezve, yezvakaita Volgograd nharaunda, kana pane kushoma chaizvo mimwe varo zvinochengeterwa mune majini mubhangi chaiyo. Rakanga akasikwa 2010. The Red Book of Volgograd nharaunda - ichi hachisi chete nemiti uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka, asi kashoma ivhu vava kuda kutsakatika.

nyaya

Yokutanga kuedza kukwezva ruzhinji matambudziko kudzivirirwa nemhuka vari mangwanani 90-ies pakati XX remakore achiri. Rakanga ndokusunungurwa nezuva rokutanga Red Book of Volgograd nharaunda. Rakanga zvatinosiita akakurumbira sayenzi bhuku raiva pamutemo simba. Next, ukabuda shoma mabhuku aya, uye chete muna 2004, maererano Chirevo Musoro Administration, mukuru mazita akasunungurwa. On kwayo hwaro, uye Red Book of Volgograd nharaunda raibatanidza: Mhuka (Volume 1), zvinomera uye hunokuvadza (Volume 2).

Zvinofanira akati kuti pamazita akadzivirira nzvimbo iri Mobile chaizvo: vamwe vamiririri kunze kubva, apo vamwe vakaita. Saka zvakanga Somuenzaniso, aine nejichidza duku, uyo akabatana mazita muna 2010.

In 2011th electronic shanduro bhuku akasunungurwa. Zvinofanira akati kuti mutoro Red Bhuku rinokosha Committee iri Environmental Protection kuti nharaunda. At chawo akasikwa basa raikosha, iyo anobata paumbwe ndandanda mhando kasvisto uye fauna of vanoda matanho chaiwo rwokudzivirira.

invertebrates

The mazita akadzivirira zvinhu zvakasikwa Volgograd nharaunda raisanganisira vamiririri mapoka akawanda uye makirasi. Nokuti kutanga unofanira akati pamusoro invertebrates. Saka, muna Red Book of Volgograd Region somushonga chikwevaropa kunobatanidzwa. Kunoitika ino chaiyo annelid mumvura yakachena, anoda madhaka nechepasi uye mvura yakachena.

In nechitarisiko chakafanana chikwevaropa kuti hama dzavo, annelids, asi muviri zvishoma flattened. Mukanwa Huro ane chimiro kubvisa mikombe nako invertebrate kubudisa yavo zvokudya - ropa. chigadzirwa ichi anochengeterwa nomudumbu zvikwevaropa rekodhi kwenguva refu nguva - mishoma. Yose pfungwa utachiona anokosha kuti vararame mudumbu munhu, ivo chivhiringidze kweropa. invertebrate ichi kukodzera ropa chero.

kushandiswa kwakapararira zvikwevaropa mukurapa (dzichibatsira kuderedza mamiriro pamwe varicose mutsinga, siyana ganda maronda) akanga chikuru vakaomerwa chinhu - vakanga abatwa huru akawanda. Zvisinei, chinhu ichi akanyangarika pashure phlebotomy mitoo akatanga kushandiswa, uye vakadzidza goho zvikwevaropa maindasitiri akamboona. Mumwe vakaomerwa zvikonzero - kuderera vanhu matatya. Zviri zvikwevaropa dzavo ropa zvokudya vaduku.

Chimwe mumiririri invertebrates, iyo ine Red Book of Volgograd dunhu - mukobvu shelled rwizi mussel. Izvi bivalve, kugara inonetsa nzizi yakachena. Kureba goko perlovitsy rinosvika pfuurei 7 cm. Life anotarisirwa rakanyatsojeka guru: clams akanga akanyorwa, akararama kwemakore 22. The chikuru vakaomerwa chinhu - kuderera mvura yepamusoro uye, sezvo zvakaguma rutapudzo ose nevanhu kwerwizi hove, izvo parasitize ari mazana ose invertebrates mashoko.

Arthropoda

Mukirasi crustaceans kuti vanobatanidzwa Red Book of Volgograd nharaunda, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa zhizha Szczytno. mhando iyi yokurarama pasina kuchinja pasi redu mamiriyoni amakore, zvino ngozi ipfupi. Anogara ichi Crustacean duku isina kudzika mvura yakadzika kubvira masendimita 20 kusvika 2 mamita. Uyewo zvakanga zvakakodzera madziva, hova, inoerera, nemafashamo Mafuro. In Szczytno pane chinokosha gadziriro yokupona mazana munguva pfupi, uye mukana, uye ipapo nokukurumidza kuita zvepabonde vakakura. Ichi chinhu chakakosha kwazvo dzinogarisana ezvinhu mumvura isina kudzika, iyo inokurumidza kuoma panze. Uyezve, sezvo mutemo, Chipingamupinyi vari pamusoro cheni zvokudya zvayo dzinogarisana. Zvisinei, nhamba yavo vari kuderera nokuda abudise mvura (mazana havana nguva kuenda kubudikidza kutenderera).

Chimwe Crustacean mupenyu puddles uye madziva maduku - hirotsefalus horribilis. Hazvina kunyura, muviri wake rinosvika mm 16 chete. The Crustacean ari kugara inofamba, iye zvinofamba kuburikidza puddles uchitsvaka zvokudya - plankton, mhuka kana miriwo. Kunyangarika nokuda kuderedza uwandu nzvimbo.

Tanimastiks dziva uyewo zvakananga kudzivirirwa muna Volgograd mudunhu. The Crustacean muduku (13 mm) uye anorondedzera kuti miti branchiopoda, nokugara kunonyanya mumadziva. The vakaomerwa chinhu ichi pane pakusvibiswa ivhu, iyo yakaumbwa dzinogarisana kwayo.

Uyewo kuti crustaceans duku zvinofanira kucherechedzwa branhinektu diki uye streptotsefala groznonogogo. Kuderedza zvinhu uye nzvimbo ndivo zvakafanana ivavo pamusoro.

Of vamiririri arachnids Dzvuku Book of Volgograd nharaunda akauya chinyavada Mediterranean. By zita zviri pachena apo mumiriri zvinowanzovapo vakawanda, asi zvisikwa izvi vanogara Volgograd mudunhu. Vanosarudza jecha nevhu: Dunes, nzvimbo gwenga, zvakanaka kudziyirwa ne zuva. Vakaguta dzimwe tumbuyu: madandaude, nhunzi, zviduku kungozvifunga.

zvipembenene

All Dzvuku Book of Volgograd nharaunda hwakanyorwa 59 mhando nezvipembenene. Ngatikurukurei avo iro dzezvakatipoteredza kutya zvikuru, kuti, vari kunzi vari racho nhamba 1 kana 2.

Kornegryz krasnoloby - kokupedzisira beetles ichi kuti anogara bedzi muna Lower Volga nharaunda, kuonekwa munzvimbo muna 1994. Nzvimbo iri dzinogarisana - Lake Elton.

Chimwe pangozi - chafer pachaenzaniswa. Izvi scarab mumiririri anosarudza kurarama, akare miti akare. All nekuti chafer mazana kuva zvakaora nemakwati, uye vakuru unogutiswa muti muto. Most vanosarudza pamuouki yemiorivhi, asi vari kuwanikwa miti yemichero dzakadai maapuro uye Pears. Kuderedza uwandu chokuita nokuveza yekare rabha.

Zvikurukuru kudzivirirwa muna Volgograd nharaunda uye enhunzi kubva mhuri weevils -chetyrehpyatnisty stefanokleonus. Izvi zvipembenene dota ndachena rinosvika 1.5 masendimita pakureba. Vaida dzinogarisana - the inowanzorimwa, Kunoisawo mazana muvhu. Dzokurima uye kurimwa munyika itsva - huru vakaomerwa chinhu.

Kudzivirirwa nzvimbo uye kungozvifunga. Kungotaura mhando shoma: dandelions chitemamachira, Saturnia Pavonia, acontius Titania, nezvitsvuku ingwe chitemamachira, Dawn zegris, Lucyna, neolycaena rhymnus. Kunyangarika ichi kwezvinhu zvipenyu zviri chokuita nokuparadzwa nzvimbo dzavo: masango, nomumatondo nemiti.

hove

Vamwe Vagari madziva uyewo vanoda chaiyo kudzivirira munharaunda yacho Volgograd nharaunda. Hezvino zvimwe vamiririri. Chekutanga, ndiye lamprey, iyo reCaspian uye Ukrainian. Kana zvapedzisira wakaonekwa ari Volga mumudziyo ichangopfuura (muna Sura River), kuti reCaspian akararama pano kamwe, asi anenge akanyangarika pashure pakuvaka Volgograd dhamu. Ukrainian lamprey reCaspian maduku: muviri kureba masendimita 20, apo yokupedzisira kusvika 55 cm.

Nemhuka Volgograd nharaunda, akanyorwa muna Red Book - zviri zvakare mhando dzose hove. Saka, zvikurukuru akadzivirirwa starlet pano. Chinhu chiduku nhengo yemhuri sturgeons, iyo rinosvika 125 masendimita pakureba. Chikara anoda invertebrates duku, dzimwe nguva anodya caviar. Mupenyu kusvika makore 30. The chikuru vakaomerwa zvikonzero - poaching (chinokosha chikafu hove) uye kusvibiswa mvura. Sturgeon vanosarudza sekristaro mvura yakachena.

Zvinenge anyangarika mvura nharaunda yacho Rainbow, beluga Azov uye Volga herring.

nezvinokambaira

Ndezvipi zvimwe vamiririri inosanganisira Red Book of Volgograd nharaunda? Mhuka yacho siyana, munewo vamiririri nezvinokambaira.

Somuenzaniso, copperhead vulgaris. Kunyange zvazvo nyoka iyi kubva mhuri colubridae vanhu hakusi ngozi, izvozvo zvinoparadza uyewo nzvimbo yavo - musango glades, tsime kudziyirwa ne zuva. Copperhead anogona kunge ndachena ruvara, uye tsvuku dzakaita mashava kana kunyange shava. Its musiyano mukuru - chehondo nomunyika ziso.

Yakavhariridzwa muna Volgograd mudunhu nezvemarudzi maviri nenyoka: zheltobryuhy uye Quad. Izvi colubridae zvakanaka kukwira miti, apo ivo vanowana zvokudya zvavo. Nokuti munhu haasi ngozi.

Mumiriri chete nezvinokambaira zvenyika Red Book of Volgograd nharaunda, ngozi vanhu - semvumbi Nikolsky. nyoka iyi ine sandarara dema ruvara. It anoda nyoro Deciduous masango murwizi mumipata. The chikuru vakaomerwa zvinhu - dzinogarisana kuparadza, chokunyengera nokusanganisira pamwe vanhuwo semvumbi.

shiri

Chimwe kirasi mhuka kuti vanodzivirirwa Dzvuku Book of Volgograd dunhu, - shiri. Ndivo 54 marudzi. Ngatikurukurei kupfuura nyore.

Chokutanga, teererai vamiririri Dhadha. Izvi anozviita muduku chena, uye marbled Teal, uye chena vhudzi Dhadha uye ferruginous Dhadha. Last shiri - isingawanzowanikwi chaizvo muenzi Volgograd munzvimbo nokuti kuti hakuna zvachose nesting. Uyewo ari kuwanda Dhadha kukanganisa kwevanhu zvoupfumi basa chokuita nokuparadzwa nzvimbo dzavo. Kunze komutemo kunovhima - chimwe chinhu.

Shiri dzinodya nyama chaiyo kukoshesa COP, Pallid Harrier, Greater Spotted Eagle, Saker Falcon, Rukodzi runonzi Falcon uye Zvikanganiso Kestrel.

From Galliformes vanofanira govera Grouse uye bustard. shiri wokutanga anogara dondo micheto makwai, wechipiri anosarudza inowanzorimwa. muvengi wavo - murume. Bustard kunyangarika nokuda kwemashoko inowanzorimwa pasi arable nyika, uye Grouse vakawanda nokuda kunze komutemo kundovhima.

mhuka

Mhuka yose Volgograd nharaunda, akanyorwa muna Red Book - a Russian Desman (population awo anenge yakanyangarika nokuda kusvibisa mvura uye kuparadzwa mumapako), nemakonzo (kuchamhembe-toed matatu inosvetuka uye masikati gerbil). Zvikara zvikuru hanya ndiko chete mumiririri Chidembo mhuri - ligation.

zvirimwa

Kwete chete anodzivirira fauna of Red Book of Volgograd nharaunda. Plants vari kumiririrwa. Ngationgororei zvimwe zvacho. Zvinonzi unogona kusangana zvakasiyana siyana fauna of - kubva mosses uye lichens kuti notumwe.

Saka, pasi chaiyo kudzivirirwa ratora Red Book kwenharaunda Volgograd chirimwa vari vamiririri bryophytes. Vakawanda vavo. We nyora zvikurukuru chisingawanzowaniki: anomodon longifolia, klimatsium treelike, taksifillum vissgrilli, enkalipta zavitoplodnaya.

Of ferns ndiko kupa Marsilio dzinoparadza. Ichi yakasiyana chirimwa anogara kwenguva pfupi mvura miviri, saka vagari vemo kunoenderana uwandu kunayisa pagore. Uyewo, kuti vakaomerwa chinokonzera ndiko zvoupfumi basa munhu; pokumuka mafuro kuti zvigare.

Zvikuru akadzivirira primroses uye Volgograd nharaunda. Red bhuku anouya mupomerwi Somuenzaniso, peony Heavy-basa, izvo Anotumbuka mukutanga May. Izvi ruva yakaisvonaka kukwezva kuteerera, iyo Ndokusaka kazhinji zvinovhiringidza kuti akasungwa. Uyezve, nzvimbo pachena kuti tsika pa zvigare. Chimwe Mupedzi Red Book - Russian Grouse, kungova daylilies mhuri. Tulips Gesner uye dvuhtsvetkovy uyewo kudzivirira Red Book of Volgograd nharaunda. Plants zvaisanganisira mariri, chinorambidzwa kuvhiringidza uye kunyange kushandiswa pachedu zvinangwa.