Ethmoid pfupa of dehenya. Aiwanzopiwa wokushanda uye unpaired mapfupa dehenya

Aiwanzopiwa wokushanda uye unpaired mapfupa cranial vanoumba marangwanda ari musoro. Vamwe zvinhu vane chipanje-kufanana yakarongeka, vamwe - vakavhengana uye sandarara. Next, funga chii chinoita kumusoro dehenya. zita Bone, nzvimbo yavo hunorondedzerwawo munyaya.

tsananguro

Dehenya iri dzinounzwa mapoka maviri. Ivo dzinosiyana munzvimbo mabasa avo uye kubudirira. Mapfupa dehenya mwana vane unhu avo. Brain dhipatimendi unoumba munhu mhango kuti uropi uye wandei pfungwa. Rine mapfupa cranial nzvimbo uye nechepasi. In wechipiri (pachavo) Division ane anenge ose pfungwa. Pano zvakare pane kutanga zvikamu zviri zvomudumbu uye kufema nehurongwa.

pfungwa dhipatimendi

Rine mapfupa masere. Vaviri vavo - aiwanzopiwa wokushanda. Izvi zvenyama parietal zvinoriumba. Mapfupa yasara - unmatched. Brain dhipatimendi ane zvimwe dzose. Calvarial pfupa panoratidza wokunze uye yomukati mahwendefa tsindirana fuma uye iri pakati chirambe chakapfava marongerwo. The yokupedzisira unonzi "diploe". fuma iyi kutekeshera migero, umo mune mutsinga diploic.

Rokunze ndiro rine mvere penyika. Zvinonzi akafukidzwa periosteum. Vanoda yomukati bwendefa chidimbu chine reDhura. Hazvina dzakaonda uye rinosanganisira vazhinji Organic yeimwe uye maloorganicheskih. Naizvozvo, chinhu ichi chakasiyana brittleness uye fragility. Kana cranial traumas ayo kutsemuka zvinoitika kakawanda kupfuura kukuvadza chokunze ndiro.

The periosteum ndiyo Fusion simba mapfupa ari majoini munzvimbo. On vamwe kureba kwayo kwakabatana ndiyo dzikasununguka zvakakwana. Periosteum ichikutadzisa cellular nzvimbo mukati miganhu rimwe pfupa. Chikamu ichi pamwe ndiyo paumbwe hematomas uye abscesses.

Pemvura cerebral dhipatimendi yomukati

Mariri, pane dzegirini uye kwakadzikira. Ivo dzinoenderana sulci uye gyri wouropi. Paro runofarira kusiyanisa sinus uye mudziyo kukodzera zvakaoma nevamwe. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dziri dehenya varipo yakabvooka. Vari zvakagadzirirwa emissarnyh mutsinga kuti kubatanidza venous sinuses goko, mukati uye diploic midziyo. The mawindo pakukura vanoonekwa mastoid uye parietal. Vamwe zvikamu, akadai ari frontal mapfupa ari yeDehenya ane in. Vari mudungwe pamwe mucosa uye vakafufutirwa mhepo. Chete Murongerwo runozivisa yekamuri, zvenyama uye sphenoid pfupa, uye nokuda yokumusoro shaya. zvinhu izvi zvinonzi pneumatic.

Frontal dehenya mapfupa

It rinobatanidzwa achiumba padenga uye nechepasi hukawanika ose ari nasal mhango uye ziso nezvigadziko. In vakuru, zviri unpaired pfupa kubva dehenya. In anokudzwa varo chikero uye uta. Uyewo rinoumbwa orbital dhipatimendi. Laterally mu dzapasi mapfupa aripo kwenguva zygomatic muitiro. Up kubva nomumwe wavo nhema zvenyama mutsetse. Anoparadzanisa temberi kubva pamberi pechiso frontal divi pachikero. Spines pamusoro chidimbu vari chokuita chete, kuvakoka kubva shaya.

pakafunuka

Ndicho kupfuura nharaunda repfupa. Scales vakaumba pamusoro sezvikamu zviviri. Parts chokuita ne frontal weld. Kwemakore mashanu zvinowanzoda inokura. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, musono anodzokororwa uye frontal chidimbu anoramba yakapesana. Pachikero kusiyanisa womukati uye dzokunze hukawanika. First - kwakanaka, ine convex chimiro. On kana divi musono anooneka frontal protuberance (aiwanzopiwa wokushanda). Below iye nedivi iri chinotenderera ane kirisendi chimiro (huma). chimiro Its uye saizi kunobva munhu nemamiriro musoro marangwanda. Pakati nevagari vayo uye anorovera vakaumba kumeso penyika - glabella.

Chokunze divi chikero anosiiwa ari orbital otdela supraorbital pamupendero (aiwanzopiwa wokushanda). Inenge ikoko tenderloin pakati. Zvayaiva mukati frontal rusesi. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, pakuyera zvinoenda mugomba. Therethrough nhema tsinga uye nemidziyo. Chikamu yomukati pamusoro concave pachikero. Pamusoro pemvura vari arterial grooves, pakati - kubva pakati penyika. Zvinoitawo Prints convolutions kuchengetwa. Frontal muhomba runoita kupinda muforo yepamusoro sagittal sinus. Pakutanga kukwidziridzwa pasi pane bofu buri. Panhivi muforo yaiva fossa arachnoid granulations kubva.

orbital dhipatimendi

Iye chinomiririrwa pfupa ndiro quadrangular mugari chimiro. It kusiyanisa pasi (orbital) uye yokumusoro (uropi) pemvura. First - kwakanaka - zvinangwa mu muchadenga. Its nzvimbo anterolateral pamusoro lacrimal shwanu riri Dimple, medial uye mberi - bloc kudzamisa. Brain chikamu rinotungamirirwa kupinda cranial mhango unotora dzegirini uye kwakadzikira convolutions therebetween.

nasal dhipatimendi

Chikamu ichi riri pakati orbital zvikamu. It inomiririrwa mugove pfupa, iyo dzinenge dziine mativi uye pamberi afoot rakanga rine. Side uye neshure mupendero articulated kuti mundiro kumucheto uye pamberi divi - pamwe nasal okunze uye maxillary nemanda. Munzvimbo ino riri munzwa - muzongoza mhino. It paChikoro paumbwe partition. Rwemberi zvikamu uta ndivo masero. Vari kubatana chete mumakomba ethmoid pfupa. Zvinoguma ravo padenga.

Kurutivi rumwe norumwe pakati kumucheto pamusoro yekamuri uye kuzvicherera nasal nomuzongoza ane aperture sinus. Inotungamirira kuruboshwe nezvakarurama sezvikamu wetsime. In vakuru, kukura sinuses akasiyana. Zvinonzi mudungwe pamwe mucous membrane. Frontal sinus anovhura mukati nasal ndima.

Ossificação em

Kukura frontal mapfupa chinobva nzvimbo mbiri. Vari akaumba pakazopera mwedzi antenatal nguva akapoteredza supraorbital nharaunda wechipiri. The frontal pfupa achangoberekwa rinosanganisira miviri yoga okunze. Vari chokuita rechipiri gore post-partum nguva. Up makore mashanu kazhinji anoramba rinooneka musono pakati sezvikamu.

Ethmoid pfupa of dehenya

Inoitwa kwamahwendefa maviri. Mumwe chinjikira, perpendicular kune dzimwe pemipata. Uyewo ichi unpaired bvupa Nemadehenya rinosanganisira maze. dzidzo ichi zvinosanganisira masero pneumatic. Labyrinth ari matsva aiwanzopiwa wokushanda chidimbu. Masero kubva kumativi yakabatana mundiro uye kutaura nemumwe uye nasal mhango. Ethmoid bvupa Nemadehenya iri tenderloin. Plate chaikosha zvinoreva muuropi dhipatimendi. Wemigove anoumba ethmoid mapfupa ari dehenya, vanobatanidzwa mune paumbwe medial kurutivi ziso nezvigadziko uye nasal mhango masvingo.

Horizontal shure bwendefa articulates pamwe tapered maatomu akafanana. The mberi uye panhivi riri vasiyana frontal pfupa. In ndiro imwe muzvizhinji kuti mawindo aripo. Vari chinangwa nokuda kwemutemo pezvakaitwa olfactory tsinga. Pazuva nechepakati mutsetse nendiro kunosvika kumusoro atumidzwa Cockscomb. Ari akabatana pamberi kuguma chepfungwa nejeko. Pamberi muhomba nhema aiwanzopiwa wokushanda manda - bapiro. Perpendicular hexagonal ndiro ane mugari chimiro. It anoumba pamberi kunzvimbo nasal septum.

labyrinth

Masero Its vanokamurwa muzvikwata zvitatu. Ivo vanoparadzaniswa mumwe, asi kwete pachena. Govera necheshure, mumwe nechemberi uye pakati boka. Pazuva lateral divi dzakaonda orbital ndiro cover. Zvinonzi nezvatinovavarira kuti mhango pakati muchadenga rawo akasununguka penyika. Kubva mukati, chete chikamu chiduku sero akafuka mhou mahwendefa. Vazhinji vavo varambe yakazaruka. Vakafukidza pedyo frontal, palatine, lacrimal uye sphenoid pfupa uye yokumusoro shaya.

Medial divi labyrinth nokududza yokumusoro kunzvimbo nasal mhango. Rine dzakaonda maviri ndiro - goko (pakati uye yokumusoro). Panewo manda haka serin'i. Pane musiyano uri pakati singi - ndiwo yokumusoro nasal ndima. Shure uye zvishoma pamusoro rokumusoro rusesi, mune zvimwe zviitiko, yakawana mumwe - soro. Anoshongwa izvo zvinosanganisira ayo anoumba ethmoid pfupa Nemadehenya, dzinosiyana kukura uye chimiro, kutsanangura yakasiyana urefu uye kudzika nhengo nendima nasal.

musoro marangwanda denga

Cranial nenzvimbo ari Anterior frontal convexity iri. Ane elevation: huma anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri uye chikomo. Rear denga anoumba occipital pfupa. Kurutivi rumwe norumwe wake pfupi parietal zvinhu. Kubva zygomatic muitiro womunhu frontal mapfupa padenga zvenyama anomhanya arcuate mutsetse. Rinokutadzisa pamusoro buri, izvo zvinozoita Anopatsanura infratemporal penyika kubva chete paburi.

remubatanidzwa zvinhu

Articulated dehenya mapfupa (tafura pazasi zvishoma zvinoratidza mhando maererano) ichi- vakawanda. Huru marudzi vari abutting uye synchondrosises syndesmoses. Rezasi shaya zvakabatana temporo-mandibular vadyi, uye sublingual nhengo - kuburikidza tsandanyama fibers. Syndesmoses zvinomiririra fibrotic nekunyatsotsanangura zvakasiyana-siyana vazvo. Kazhinji, mazita avo vakaumba azvaitwa richibatanidza mapfupa. Zvisinei, pane vazvo zvine mazita avo. Somuenzaniso, nekunyatsotsanangura mapfupa parietal chinoitwa sagittal, frontal uye parietal - in coronal suture uye zvichingodaro.

Synchondrosises anounzwa shwashwa yeimwe. Zvinowanika kunyanya panguva cranial mujinga. Achangoberekwa syndesmosis nechipiriso uye connective tishu membranes. Ndivo vakadanwa fontanelles.