Mapazi kwokunze carotid tsinga muvanhu

Muviri womunhu kubva kumusoro kusvika kutsoka iri zvapararira nemidziyo ropa. Vanorega muviri kuti ishande kazhinji uye kutakura yose mumuviri zvinovaka muviri uye okisijeni. Pakati pavo vane midziyo yakadai, izvo zvinokosha kuti vanhu.

carotid tsinga

Mumwe nomumwe wedu kanenge kamwe muupenyu hwavo zvakakuvadza zvimwe chikamu muviri, zvakadai somunhu chekawo munwe kubva rwunotanga achigarira maoko ropa. Kumisa kubuda kweropa hakuna kuoma, sezvo dhayamita ari mudziyo iri zviduku uye kumanikidza raiva pasi. Uyezve, mune ropa revanhu ndivo maplatelet, izvo kuzadza pasi akachekwa, uye pashure maminitsi mashoma iye anomira ropa riyerere.

Asi ichi haagari kuitika: mumuviri womunhu, pane midziyo zvakasiyana, uye hombe dhayamita, uye kumanikidzwa ropa zvinopfakanyikamo kuburikidza navo. Kazhinji ndivo zvikuru nomuviri womunhu uye avo zvakakanganisika kusatarisirwa chinokosha kungaita kuti ropa rakawanda. Chimwe chaizvozvi ndiyo carotid tsinga.

mudziyo uyu ropa iri aiwanzopiwa wokushanda tsinga kuti inotangira chipfuva zvenyama, vakananga nenzira musoro. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, ayo chikuru basa rinogona kunzi uropi kweropa, maziso uye dzimwe nhengo musoro yevanhu.

More chokuita nemamiriro carotid tsinga uye ayo mabasa

Carotid tsinga ine mapazi vaviri kurudyi nekuruboshwe. Wokutanga rinobva mune pamafudzi dhiramu. Kuruboshwe tsinga, akavapindurawo, anotanga munzvimbo yacho kutsemuka chematenga. Nokuda izvi anatomical zviri kuruboshwe tsinga imwe vaviri masendimita anopfuura kurudyi. Zvadaro inodedera vertically kumusoro, kuitwa iri pamutsipa, uye mimwe mapazi iri dzakasiyana-siyana musoro.

The chikuru kushanda arteries - ropa wedzerai muuropi. Izvi zvinogona kuitika chete kana mudziyo hauna siyana zvirwere uye pathologies, mukuvhiringidza zvakajairika kweropa. Kana pane blockage pakati arteries, munhu anogona kuda kuvhiyiwa.

External carotid tsinga

Izvi mhando tsinga ndechimwe chikuru zvinoumba nevakariri hunde yacho carotid tsinga. It rinotanga kubva chete tsinga, pachiyero hope of Triangle, mumwe nhengo dzayo. Chokutanga, chobudira kurutivi pakati tsinga yaiva mukati, ipapo substantially laterally pomudzimai wake.

Pakutanga, tsinga ichi yakafukidzwa tsandanyama, uye kana tikafunga nzvimbo dzaro hope nzvimbo netriangle, saka inogona kuchengetwa pasi subcutaneous tsandanyama yaiva mumutsipa. At tsinga ichi hazvirevi kuguma, zvinoitika nokupesana. Muna mandible, pamusoro pamutsipa pamwero, pane panoparadzana kwokunze carotid tsinga wokutanga. Ivo vanomirirwa maxillary uye asingafungi rwepanyama tsinga. Uyezve, pane dzimwe mapazi zvokunze carotid tsinga, ivo diverge kwakasiyana-siyana vari nhengo nzira. Naizvozvo, pane anotsanangurwa mberi, nechepakati uye vokupedzisira bazi kwokunze carotid tsinga. Mumwe nomumwe wavo anokonzera kuipa kushanda nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, achivapa navo zvinovaka muviri uye oxygen.

boka kumberi

Zviri izvi munzvimbo chokuita kwokunze carotid tsinga bazi mudende, unosanganisira rakanaka anoyevedza midziyo. The peculiarity boka ichi ndechokuti anobvumira ropa riyerere kuti nhengo iri munzvimbo kumeso uye pahuro. Saka, kubva wavo wenguva basa kunoenderana kushanda huro, chiso, rurimi, thyroid shwanu. Of yose mudziyo predstavlyayayuschego rimwe bazi zvokunze carotid tsinga, ngarava huru anoendazve matatu, kumbonyanya guru pakukura. Zvadaro pane chimwe nokupesana mumidziyo miduku, Kusiyanisa kwakadaro kunoita kuti anunure ropa zvikamu zvose zvakakodzera muviri.

The pamberi boka mapazi kwokunze carotid tsinga zvinosanganisira mudziyo mukuru matatu, rimwe nerimwe rine chairo nerevane nzvimbo.

Mukuru thyroid tsinga

davi kunoitika panyanga padanho iri pakutanga hyoid mapfupa. Urongwa Izvi zvinoita chaizvoizvo ichi tsinga rinopiwa ropa kuti thyroid shwanu uye Chokwadi, parathyroid. Uyewo, nokuda tsinga ichi, ropa anoenda dokeriro, achipfuura pamusoro tsinga munharaunda yacho mastoid netsandanyama.

Pashure paizvozvo, iye, akaita midziyo vakawanda muviri inokamukana zvakare. Uye yokumusoro thyroid tsinga kuoneka sublingual uye cricothyroid bazi. Mumwe wavo, kureva sublingual, inova huru midziyo kuti zvokudya tsandanyama rakatevera, uye ari hyoid pfupa.

Kana matavi cricothyroid, runoita kuti ropa riyerere kuti nhengo tsandanyama. Pashure paizvozvo pane kubatana nayo sezvinoita mudziyo wake mhiri.

Yokunze laryngeal tsinga kunoita kuti anunure ropa kusvikira epiglottis uye dokeriro. With payo, zvinokwanisika rokuvandudza okisijeni Kamudzira miviri iyi, uye iri kumativi tsandanyama.

mutauro tsinga

mudziyo ichi sezvo yapfuura ndivo, ari chezvinonhuwira mapazi zvokunze carotid tsinga, bazi kunoitika chete pamusoro rimwe pangagara, kunyanya thyroid. Izvi zvinoitika muna hyoid pfupa, uye ipapo chinoita uye anouya nzvimbo netriangle Pirogov zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvadaro mutauro tsinga inoendeswa zvokusvika iyo akawana zita raro, kuti, kuti mutauro, riri nechepasi. Pasinei nokuti. zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe arteries, mutauro anoonekwa kuti kwete zvikuru, uyewo ane midziyo zviduku.

Somuenzaniso, zvakadzika tsinga rurimi sokunge hombe mutauro bazi tsinga. nzvimbo Its Zvinofadza chaizvo: kutanga, ikakwira uye anouya anonzi mujinga rurimi. Zvino anoramba zvinokambaira uye anouya muromo. mudziyo uyu akapoteredzwa akawanda tsandanyama, kunyanya, ari lingual uchingodzikira longitudinal.

Uyezve, pane suprahyoid davi, ayo chikuru basa ndiro ropa Kusasvika hyoid pfupa. Saka, riri pamusoro yokumusoro kumucheto mafupa. Sublingual tsinga iri munzvimbo yacho hyoid tsandanyama, zvakananga pamusoro payo. Its dzichipfekeka zvinhu ndiwo vascularity mumuromo, rutendo kwaari okisijeni iri vaipa kune zvinoriumba zvose nomumukanwa dzevanhu mhango. nhamba iyi zvinosanganisira nemumuromo mucosa, mate shwanu, uye kunyange mazino. The dorsal Mapazi vane pachangu nzvimbo, saka unogona kutarisa navo rimwe tsandanyama, muchiitiko ichi, kuti hyoid.

chako tsinga

mhando iyi mudziyo iri mapazi ari yepazasi shaya pakona ipapo anoenda kuburikidza shwanu papi pedyo, i.e. submandibular. mudziyo ichi hachisi chinhu inonzi chiso tsinga, nekuti, kutangira kubva pamutsipa, inoenda nzvimbo rezasi shaya, zvishoma nezvishoma kutamira pachiso nzvimbo. Zvadaro endai mberi uye vatamire kumusoro. Kumuromo kwematanda nhumbi vanoguma pamakona mumuromo, uye rimwe bazi zvasvika ziso. Mukuwedzera, tsinga pacharo anowedzera midziyo, ukuwo, pane dzimwe mapazi.

Kunyange zvazvo mapazi vari kunyanya kwokunze carotid tsinga iri pamutsipa, kuti arteries duku iri boka dziri kumeso uye muromo aoma kwevanhu. Bazi Mindalikovaya anoenda palatine ndimbo uye branching riri mudenga. Rinoitawo anoenda mujinga mutauro, richisvika kumadziro nomumukanwa mhango wemunhu.

Maererano palatine tsinga, nzvimbo yaro - zvakananga pamusoro chaipo achishandisa rune tsinga, inova chikamu boka rinonzi Anterior mapazi kwokunze carotid tsinga. Anopedzisa achifumira palatine tsinga munzvimbo yacho huro, zvikurukuru, mucosa ayo uye, mukuwedzera, ari palatal ndimbo. Wokupedzisira Bazi anosvika pombi anokonzera kuipa kunzwa.

Submental tsinga inoenda hyoid tsandanyama, kana kutaurwa chaipo, kuburikidza rokunze pose tsandanyama ichi. Mugumo mudziyo kufamba chirebvu nzvimbo uye vamwe mutsipa tsandanyama.

The rwemberi boka

Rwemberi bazi zvokunze carotid tsinga, sezvakanga yapfuura ndivo, ane nhumbi dzayo bazi. Ibvai nzeve yake, uye munzvimbo ino Mikoko kudzokera occipital tsinga. Avo rubatsiro ropa riyerere kunoitika mukati chinooneka chikamu nzeve. Uyezve, nemhaka umboo arteries kupa ropa kuti tsandanyama kwemitsipa, riri shure muna pamutsipa, uye nzira iri chiso etsinga. A pachena chinoratidza bazi ichi - nayo anokwanisa kupinda munzvimbo uropi membranes.

occipital tsinga

Anoendazve oga, ndiye anenge yakakwirira sezvinoita mberi. nzvimbo yaro - ari kunharaunda digastric tsandanyama iri pasi payo, ipapo kufamba munzvimbo paburi pedyo netemberi. Next, nzira inopfuura pasi ganda, apo iye ari uye kusashanda shure musoro, uye branching rikaitika Epidermis y ari occipital nharaunda.

Pashure kuenda zvose nzira, ivo chokuita chete matavi zvinobva pamhiri pomugwagwa. Ita kubatana nemamwe mapazi, vamwe nhumbi musana mbiru.

The occipital tsinga iri akatsemura mumidziyo zvidiki akawanda azvaitwa kuzviratidza nzeve, rigone mastoid bazi,. Chokutanga chinotungamirwa zvinosvika kuonekwa mukati yevanhu nzeve vakayambuka nawo, zvinova mumwe nomumwe nemapazi posterior auricular tsinga. Pasi chinosvika zvikuru zvakavanzika makona, nokuti ari pamutsipa nharaunda, iyo iri rutivi. Maererano mastoid, izvozvo iri uropi hwomunhu Kamudzira, mu huripo migero akakodzera ikoko.

Posterior auricular tsinga

Mapazi kwokunze uye munyika carotid arteries basa rinokosha mumuviri womunhu, uyewo matavi awo duku. Somuenzaniso, mugaba chinotungamirwa obliquely shure, ruchapinda kubva digastric, mberi rinokoka ichi: kunosvika neshure kumucheto mudumbu. Zvinonzi zvakare rakakamurwa mapazi madiki matatu. Rimwe midziyo iyi ichava occipital bazi.

nzvimbo yayo unoenderana hwaro ari mastoid kwacho, anobvumira ropa riyerere kuti ganda, chiri occipital nharaunda. Nzeve bazi rwakagadzirira nzira dzavo kuburikidza seri nzeve munharaunda uye anobvumira ropa kupa zvikamu zvinoonekwa menyika womunhu nzeve. Stylomastoid tsinga inoita zvakaenzana rinokosha: kubva zvarakanga kushanda zvinoenderana zvikuru zvakadini kune chiso etsinga, nokuti kwaari uye anopinda neropa, nzvimbo chikamu chaienzanirana zvenyama pfupa.

The pakati boka

Average boka mapazi kwokunze carotid tsinga ane mapazi mashoma pane zvakapfuura. Kutaura zvazviri, boka iri rinosanganisira imwe tsinga, iro zvino rinokamukana kuva nhamba midziyo zviduku, asi zvinorehwa izvi hazvirevi kudukupiswa.

The medial bazi kwokunze carotid tsinga anosanganisira ayo nhengo vachikwira pharyngeal tsinga uye nemimwe midziyo ropa, izvo zvinoita kuti kupa zvokudya, uye Chikurukuru - yakachena, tsandanyama kuti dziri pachiso, kureva, zvokudya miromo, matama, etc ...

Achifumira pharyngeal tsinga

Namarudzi bazi tsinga anotora mirayiridzo iyi nenzira iri pharynx uye anoudzawo rusvingo wake. Branching ari mudziyo kunoitika, saka kuti zveshure meningeal tsinga kurutivi dhiramu uye mberi kunosvika kuburikidza canaliculus dhiramu, kuitwa riri rimwe in yaro, muchiitiko ichi pasi.

matavi chiteshi

matavi Terminal of kwokunze carotid tsinga - ichi vashoma midziyo ropa zviri chikamu carotid tsinga. Bazi iri rine arteries maviri, kureva kuti maxillary uye pamusoro-nezvenyama. Avo akasiyana kukura, nemimwe midziyo, wakabva kwavari, kuti tikwanise kutakura ropa kusvikira kure nhengo dzomuviri.

Nhema rwepanyama tsinga

mudziyo Iri kuenderera kwokunze carotid tsinga. ndima yayo rinoenderana anooneka penyika menzvimbo nzeve, kureva rusvingo pamberi, kuti tsinga riri pasi peganda. Movement anokwira uye chinotungamirwa kurutivi munda temberi. Kana uchida kuedza ripple kunoratidza bazi kwokunze carotid tsinga panzvimbo ino. Pano havatsananguri kurova ropa kuyerera riri nyore.

Zvadaro pane chimwe kutozopesanisa pane parietal uye frontal tsinga. Izvi zvinoitika pamusoro pakona ziso pamwero, riri pedo zvenyama nharaunda. arteries izvi takura ropa kuti pahuma, korona, epicranius.

Terminal mapazi kwokunze carotid tsinga anosanganisira ayo sezvamunoita mudziyo pamusoro, iyo rakakamurwa madiki mashanu. Mumwe wavo ari transverse chako tsinga. Iri mudziyo ropa iri mune parotid shwanu, mvura yacho. Zvadaro chinofamba akananga pamatama uye riri paganda. Midziyo pasi infraorbital kudunhu nokurebesa mumwe rudzi tsandanyama rinenge - munhu kutevedzera.

Skuloglaznichnaya anobvumira ropa riyerere dzimwe tsandanyama ziso, achipfuura duku zygomatic chematenga. The nzeve mberi kuti nzeve kuenda, kureva ayo vanooneka penyika menzvimbo anewo avhareji rwepanyama tsinga uye mapazi riri mune shwanu iri pano.

Maxillary tsinga haasi mumwe hunde uye zvakare kugoverwa vamwe midziyo, muchiitiko ichi, ziva madhipatimendi akawanda, mumwe uyo - shaya. Kureva izvozvo zvinosanganisira mwaranzi rwengarava zviduku, zvakadai somunhu yakadzika nzeve tsinga. Panewo tsinga nokururamisira guru rinonzi isinganaki alveolar. The densest midziyo pakati ichi boka - svikiro meningalny yaiva kurutivi pfungwa membranes.

mhedziso

mashoko ari pamusoro apa anoratidza kuti kwakadaro kwokunze carotid tsinga. Kwakaita nzvimbo yacho bazi runoparadzanisa muruoko 4 mapoka. Vanokosha munhu zvose, kukundikana mumwe wavo anogona kukanganisa matambudziko mune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri, asiwo yose muviri. The rinokosha reDare nhumbi duku kuti riwedzere kubva kubazi nerimwe, kubva vanobvumira ropa ziso rive nzvimbo, dama, chirebvu, dzakasiyana-siyana musoro, yakaitirwa tsandanyama, uye dziri pedyo epithelium.