The Red Book kwenharaunda Kaluga: mhuka uye zvinomera, uye howa. Enumeration, zvinhu uye tsananguro

The Red Book of Kaluga Region (mhuka nezvinhu zvinomera nayo - nyaya nyaya yedu) - gwaro muna 2006. Zvinonzi inobva Hurumende Chirevo pamusoro kusango 1998. Izvi zvinosanganisira vaya zvipenyu kuti vanoda zvikuru kuteerera kubva kuruzhinji, nekuti nhamba yavo ishoma zvikuru. The ndandanda inovakwa nenzira kuti yoga kwemarudzi, raishanda kutsakatika (achiratidzei Unit), uye vaya vanodzidza vakawanda vakadzidza asi (nhamba 4). Zvinosuruvarisa pane vaya akanyangarika zvachose kubva nharaunda. Pakatarisana navo tinenge tichishandira zviripo 0.

Iyi ndaza guru zvakakwana, tichaenda kuburikidza mapeji Red Book of Kaluga nharaunda, iyo inoratidza zvipenyu anozivikanwa ne "1" - ndivo mudukusa dzakawanda.

Notumwe, mosses uye lichens

Chokutanga ngatirambei pamusoro vamiririri umambo notumwe, mosses uye lichens. Zvinofanira akati kuti pasi kuchengetedzwa kwemararamiro Red Book of Kaluga nyika yavo yakakura nhamba. Pakati howa hunonyanya hanya zvichaitirwa chikonzero kwavo Somuenzaniso, sezvinotevera.

Sarcosome idenderedzwa. Izvi chakuvhe kushoma chaizvo Zvinofadza chaizvo mhuka. Afanane zvakakwana guru (dhayamita 10 cm) nemvura keg, recessed ari Moss. Color - shava-mashava.

Zvinofanira akati kuti howa iri chaizvo mune zvokurapa. Dzakananga hunorapa mugumisiro nemvura iyo izere michero muviri. Rinoshandiswa kuti rheumatism, kuvasunungura huta Zvinetso, sezvinoita yakanaka rinodhaka kwendangariro.

Ramariopsis yakanaka. chakuvhe Izvi zvinogona kuwanika pakaoma dzakatenuka kudziyirwa; Iye anoda Deciduous masango ane mupfumi manyowa ivhu. Kukura muzhizha mukupera uye kusvikira October, zvikurukuru "mhuri", somunhu pamakwenzi diki. Kuderedza uwandu haina kudzidza kwazvo. Masayendisiti dzinobvumirana kuti chikonzero - izvetnyakovyh chakaurawa mhando munzvimbo kukura.

Pakati mosses nekusiyanisa Kalliergon hofori. It Inowanikwa marshes, zvikova, kubatwa overgrowing. 30-masendimita kureba awo unoruramisa zita Moss.

The Red Book of Kaluga nharaunda anoteerera uye ferns. Saka, Millipede nevakawanda, muchikura crevices yamatombo uye mabwe - the diminutive Fern. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chete pakati mapazi ari kudyara mupenyu panorumwe (epiphyte) uye kushandisa chete sepokutangira kukura.

nemiriwo

Funga kuti uchine ayo mazita Red Data Book of Kaluga nharaunda. Mhuka nezvinomera akanyorwa mariri vane siyana kwazvo. Kana isu nezvazvo wemiriwo, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa sparganium, nechipiriso uye kukudyira. Vakasiyana chete dziri mashizha. In chipiriso vari wakawondereiko kudai mazuva ose. Chirimwa mvura, anoda mudziva mvura yakachena.

Munhenga uswa - mumwe zvikuru kuchengetedzwa chirimwa. Zvisinei, kare, aiva nevakawanda frequenter pakati steppes uye minda, basa zveupfumi uye mombe zvigare vakaisa muti mungozi kutsakatika. Ziva mhando bota iri nyore chaizvo: dzakanaka vhudzi, kufanana minhenga vanomhanya achitevedza nomuzongoza.

The Red Book of Kaluga nharaunda, notumwe tupukanana zvinomera zviri kufunga, recharged uye petsanga. Ngatikurukurei vanhu chaizvo duku miti - petsanga Hartmann. It anoda nyoro nevhu masango Deciduous, pamhenderekedzo reservoirs. Rasvika 70 masendimita refu, akagadza hunde spikelet, mapazi nechepasi.

Flower pamwe charm inflorescences chena - Anthericum mapazi, uye kunodzivirirwa pamusoro Kaluga nyika. It anoda calcareous nevhu, yakaoma jeka glade. Kakawanda iri musango racho mucheto. Musango, zvisingawanzoitiki, kazhinji kurimwa mumunda uye Suburban munzvimbo.

miti

Pakati pemiti kuti vanoumba Red Bhuku Kaluga nharaunda (mhuka nezvinhu zvinomera mairi, nenzira, sezviri kuratidzwa) zvinokosha kuziva the willow, Lapp uye Blueberry. Wokutanga anoda kukura marshes inonyatsodiridzwa. Sezvo nguva yokupedzisira vakawanda vavo vari vakapedzwa, muti anofa. Chinhu chiduku shrub, richisvika mamita maviri. Akafukidza whitish kunosiya paro mhando reuna.

Bilberry the willow rinobatanidza rima yepepuru uye nemakwati inopenya, zvishoma rinokwanisa kucheneruka mashizha. Low shrub, inobereka iri bogs.

Mumwe muti duku - Used penyika squat. Rinoitawo anoda machakwi nevhu. matavi Mutete vari yakafukidzirwa mashizha maduku uye nemburwa. Nevamwe chinhu - akatarisa mhete. Zviri vava kuda kutsakatika nemhaka yevanhu ubanguranyika kuti wetlands kuti peat dzokubudisa.

zvipembenene

The Red Book of Kaluga nharaunda, mhuka uye miti iyo - nyaya ino ine vakawanda zvakasiyana siyana nezvipembenene. Vamiriri ichi mhando chemhando nhamba iri pasi. Ngationei vanogara zvikuru isingawanzowanikwi.

Chekutanga, zvinofanira pamusoro pevhu zvipembenene. Ndivo vamiririri eponymous mhuri kwazvo kushoma munyika Kaluga munyika. Saka, w uzhelitsa penya anoda masango coniferous, umo preys vamwe nezvipembenene. Zita anotaura pacharo: rakajeka muviri munyoro ane yendarama shimmer.

Dimensions Avharenji siyana kusvika 18 mm. Uyewo chishoma Carabus Clathratus nomutsvuku. Kunyangarika mhuka nokuda kuparadzwa nzvimbo yavo kutsvaka chicherwa deposits. Unoitawo basa rinokosha masango nomuchetura ne mishonga yezvipembenene.

The Vagari ndove chitubu kuri mungozi. ngoko Izvi yendarama-uswa ruvara rinosvika maviri centimetric hukuru. Mapapiro vari vakagumisa. Zvapera pasi mirwi mupfudze. Kuderedza zvikonzero zvinofambidzana, kazhinji, nokuparadzwa nzvimbo.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, uye mhando mbiri bronzovok - kumeso uye kupenyerera. zvipembenene izvi zvinoshamisa chaizvo saizi (kusvika 3 cm) vanosarudza kugara pamiti, apo zvakaora nemakwati uye kubudisa vana. Smooth chafer ane yendarama-uswa ruvara, uye akangwara - Metal masaisai. The chikuru vakaomerwa chinhu - kutema kare, akaora miti, nzvimbo bronzovok.

shiri

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, uye pangozi neshiri Kaluga nharaunda. Under kutyisidzira nhengo dzakawanda dzemhuri iyi, asi kunyanya anovhundutsa zvinotevera.

Dubrovnik. mafuro ichi aivamo vaine rekushongedzesa chokuita Passerine. A dzinotama shiri iri saka vashoma nokuda rutapudzo panzvimbo akakodzera nesting.

Ortolan - mumiririri mumwe zvakawanda passerine. shiri duku kadikidiki ichi ane vachena rwegirini ruvara. Oatmeal - shiri dzinotama, nesting anosvika.

Small grebe dema mikukutu uye - waterfowl, kwete kuwana Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nzvimbo nesting muna Kaluga mudunhu. Vanosarudza kugara ari kuvanzwira tsitsi vashoma madziva.

mhuka

Achitaura pamusoro Red Book of Kaluga nharaunda, tisingatauri mhuka. Zvikuru akadzivirira zviremwaremwa pano Somuenzaniso, hofori noctule.

feline Vamiririri uyewo shoma munzvimbo. Chokutanga trot. Rare pano sezvo zvisvundu bere bison.

Mhuka - Animals dondo, saka zvinoderedza nhamba dzavo nokuda kukura ndima uye aienda nzvimbo. Uyezve, mhuka dzakadai yokuSpain, kana Somuenzaniso, mink - chikamu zvakapambwa pakati kwemutemo nokuda inokosha chaizvo mbava.