Zita dinosaurs. Photos nemazita

Padanho rimwe nerimwe kukunda kwakaitwa nyika iripo mumhuka, anova pakati "vepamusoro" nguva yake mhando. venyama Ndivo mashoko okupedzisira shanduka, uyewo kupfuura akakwana, kupfuura vakangwara uye akasimba panguva. Munyaya ino tichataura pamusoro dinosaurs - zvinokambaira, richipararira Pasi makore mamiriyoni 200 apfuura, kana kupfuura zvazviri, mazita avo.

Ichatonga zvine mbiri imba youmambo

Dinosaur zita rinoshandurudza kubva muchiGiriki se "zvinotyisa madzvinyu." zvinokambaira Ancient taimbova varipo korona yokusika, chakaderedzwa mutengo okukura nezvinokambaira. Ivo akatonga bhora makore anopfuura mamiriyoni 100, yasara undisputed vanatenzi venyika. zvisikwa izvi zvakanga zvakawanda, siyana. Hapana mweya panguva vasingagoni kuenzaniswa anotyisa madzvinyu.

Drama mavambo, simukai uye kutsakatika dinosaurs manyawi hwomoyo vanhu kubva ipapo, vanhu vakadzidza nezvokuvapo inonzi Great Age nezvinokambaira. Mhuka idzi zvichiri nokunyatsodzidza, kuunganidza zvinhu uye kuwana dzakawanda zvisaririra. On zvinokonzera rufu dinosaurs youmambo, kusvikira ichangopfuura, haana anoumbwa imwe chete pfungwa, uye ikozvino nezvenyaya iyi inongogara rinovaima gakava nesayenzi.

A vakasvimha taxonomy

Dinosaurs (mifananidzo mazita dzaitaurwa munyaya), uyewo mhuka ano, haagoni kunzi masayendisiti randomly. Kuti varege kurasika ari siyana mbeva, nyoka, nzou, katsi, matatya, zvipembenene, zoologists pakupedzisira zvose mhuka dzakanga rakakamurwa mamwe mapoka, sezvo vakawaridza kwavari "pamusoro echiShinto". Mumwe nomumwe mapoka aya anosanganisa zvisikwa, zvakafanana mumwe ari marongerwo uye mavambo.

The chikuru boka mhuka azvo, kubatanidza ane muzvizhinji kuti dzakafanana nevanhu. Related marudzi mumapoka genera, kana superfamily. Rod, akavapindurawo, yakabatana mumhuri; mhuri - muzvikamu; Mauto - mumakirasi, uye makirasi - mune mhando. Somuenzaniso, pfungwa yedu nemi - munhu anonzwisisa, riri vanhu kubva mhuri netsoko zvemarudzi. Tiri hurongwa primates, mhuka, uye vanomirira boka vertebrates subtype pakati norudzi Chord. Heunoi nyore pfungwa!

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti pasina taxonomy kuita hazvitomboiti. Zvikasadaro, unogona kuwana kuvhiringidzika, nekuti ikozvino panyika pane mamiriyoni anoverengeka siyana kwemarudzi zvemhuka, chiri amoeba, uye honye, uye kubhururuka, uye vanhu. Saizvozvowo, Systematics anoshanda zvinokambaira anonzi dinosaurs. Types uye mazita zvisikwa izvi kuti vaigara siyana eras, zvakasiyana zvakare. Vose vari zvishoma kuratidza musimboti maitiro kana mhuka upenyu, uyewo zvinhu zvayo mamiriro.

Just musaputsa mutauro!

Kazhinji, zvesayenzi mazita mumhuka kuridza kujairika kuti nyore munhuwo zvake, uye vamwe vavo zvisingaiti kureva. Izvi zvinonzwisisika, vari rakagara richidudzirwa kupiwa muchiLatin kana chiGiriki. Somuenzaniso, zviri dainoso zita kazhinji zvinoratidza zviri kwokunze mamiriro nezvinokambaira izvi kana ukama hwemhuri mhuka nyanzvi (a wemhuka, mumwe murapi wemhuka, mumwe Mazvikokota) aiziva pakarepo iro mhando ari pakubata.

Hove-nedhambakura uye Pangolin hofori

Zita dinosaurs, kazhinji chinhu chinokosha - "Zavriev": Allosaurus, Brontosaurus, ichthyosaur, Tyrannosaurus, etc. Somuenzaniso, zita "Brontosaurus" rinoshandurwa sezvo hofori, mumwe egwavava guru (ona mufananidzo pazasi). Uyezve, Brontesom ainzi mumwe Cyclopes - Greek ngano hofori. The zita "ichthyosaur" rinoshandurwa kubva mumutauro wechiGiriki sehove-negoroodyo "ihtios" - hove, ari "Zavriev" - mumwe dzvinyu. Panyaya iyi, zita iri zvomumvura goroondo inotiratidza ayo chitarisiko.

Sobakozub

Dzimwe mazita anotyisa madzvinyu vanogona kuwana shoko "dont 'kana' Don '. It anoshandura sezvo zino. Somuenzaniso, mamwe inozivikanwa veboka iri dinosaurs Cynodont. Ichi benzi dzvinyu, inova madzitateguru mhuka ano. Zita dinosaurs izvi rinoburitsa musimboti wacho nemamiriro mazino ezvinhu, uye anoshandura se sobakozub "tsinos" - imbwa "dont" - nezino.

Flying dainoso

Zita dinosaurs vakatora kumatenga, ane kujairika zvinoriumba chikamu - dactyl. Kushandurwa kubva rechiLatin rokuti "daktilos" zvinoreva munwe. The yakakurumbira kubhururuka dainoso Zvechokwadi, rimwe pterodactyl. In Russian shanduro zvakaipa paltsekryl ichi: rekare rechiGiriki "pteron" - bapiro ichi.

Ndivanaani zuhii?

Kazhinji zita dainoso unosanganisira chinoshamisa shoko "zuhiya". In Zvinotaurwa, pano zvakare, hapana chakaoma. Ichi chikamu chikamu rinowanzoshandiswa zvaisanganisira mune zita Zvisaririra zvinokambaira: mesosuchia, eozuhiya, pseudosuchian, pastozuhiya etc. Saka kuzodza nemakarwe vekare kana mhuka akafanana pamusoro pavo, sezvo rekare rechiGiriki "zuhos" - mumwe garwe.

Tiran pakati dinosaurs

Zvechokwadi, hazvibviri kuti kufuratira zvikuru nevakawanda dinosaurs zvenyika - Tyrannosaurus mambo. Iye vazhinji hama dzake - a dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya dinosaurs. Mazita nezvinokambaira izvi kutaura kwavo ukuru pamusoro nedzimwe mhuka, sokunge yokupedzisira yezuva madzvinyu izvi. Shoko "Tyrannosaurus" rinoshandurwa kubva mumutauro wechiGiriki sezvo nedzvinyu-ishe "tiranos" - Ishe, ishe.

Mhuri muti nezvinokambaira

Sezvaunoziva, nezvinokambaira vanomiririra yoga boka vertebrates akakamurwa subclasses siyana. Kupfuura kare uye chinonyanya chinyakare boka nezvinokambaira chinhu subclass anapsid. Paleontologists vakagumisa kuti hapana mumiririri anapsid haana kurarama kusvikira panguva ino, uye wokupedzisira vamiririri vavo adzima kunyange mamiriyoni 200 apfuura!

Kubva mudzi anapsid aparadzana davi, vaimudana Synapsid. subclass ichi zvinokambaira yekare, paleontologists dzinotaura madzitateguru edu - madzitateguru mhuka ano, uko munhu ndohwavo. Zvinosuruvarisa Synapsid uyewo yakatotsakatika, uye havana kurarama kusvikira ichatonga zvine mbiri zvizvarwa zvake.

Ndiyo imwe subclass nezvinokambaira yekare, akaparadzaniswa mujinga yekare hunde - subclass anapsid. Bazi iri rakakamurwa nevamwe vaviri - archosaurs uye lepidosauria. Boka rokutanga rinosanganisira nemakarwe, dinosaurs inobhururuka, uye nenyika, uye kuti rechipiri - vachiri vapenyu tuatara, madzvinyu uye nenyoka. By lepidosauria vari kare yakatotsakatika hwemvura dinosaurs pamwe refu mitsipa, makadanirwa plesiosaurs.