The Penultimate kurwisa Fascism: ari kubatwa kweBerlin nemauto eSoviet

Muna April 1945 Soviet Army akatakura kurwisa, kuuya pedyo guru Third Reich - Berlin. Ukuru Vaifunga yose. Mudenga, akatonga Krasnozvezdnaya avhiyesheni, "Luftwaffe" kushanda chinhu wedzera ndege, warrior mbiru akazara mumigwagwa German, ruzha arambe achirema Hazvizivikanwi hwenhoroondo muenzaniso, hakuna nhasi vakaenzana. Flywheel kuzvidzivirira indasitiri yakasvika titanic nokumukirana, kushaya rubatsiro boka michina kwete kuchengetwa. The kubatwa kweBerlin nemauto eSoviet akanga foregone mhedziso, mubvunzo akanga chete mukuwana mutengo, anotaurwa hwevanhu.

mhandu

Anenge zvose zvakasara Wehrmacht uye Waffen-SS (pakutanga April, vashandi vanenge hafu yemiriyoni uto, kusanganisira anenge 200 zviuru - muguta), vakanga kusimbiswa guru Reich uye aro. Kusakwanisa chengeta miganhu uye kushaya tariro kubudirira hazvina kutadzisa Adolf Hitler kuomesa mirairo nyaya inotyisa kugutsikana, kupa mutongo werufu ani naani asingadi kuramba kurwa kusvikira wokupedzisira bara. The operative dzatinoshandira ino kumhuka zvakawanda uye nemafashamo zvikuru. 3rd Panzer Army, iyo kuverengwa pamusoro High Command German hwakasimbiswa nemutemo kubva nevarwi 2nd Belarusian Front, akayambuka Oder River kusvikira kurwa.

Circular mitsetse yokuzvidzivirira vaiva vatatu, zvikuru kure rakanga riri boka 30-40 chete kubva pakati peguta. At sangano racho kufungwa marwiro dzinongoitika mvura zvipingamupinyi uye mamiriro enzvimbo. Average chiratidzo kudzokorora hurukuro yokunzvenga makwara, kuridza basa pebhandi mumugwagwa vakakoniwa hunonzi zvinosanganisira zvokudya Tsika matambudziko nemhaka yokushayiwa kudzivirira zvinhu. The ekisitenjeni chave musi mumucheto uye anonzi mukuru mumwe. Inside cheguta chakakamurwa kupinda pfumbamwe kudzivirira nzvimbo. Kazhinji, ari Wehrmacht vehondo vakaita zvose zvinobvira kuvatadzisa ari kubatwa kweBerlin nemauto eSoviet. Muchidimbu, nezviyero izvi zvinogona kunzi asingabatsiri. Tariro vachifungisisa kurwiswa uye yezwi tsamwisa pakanga pasina.

The uchitikurudzira inokosha kuronga uye zvakatipoteredza

April 2 zvazvingava akafunga pamwe wokuti ndiani achaita zvakananga utariri oparesheni. Stalin akafunga kuti kubatwa kweBerlin nemauto eSoviet kuchaita dzinotarisira vakawanda kudzimbahwe, uye kutungamirira iye akagadza Marshal Zhukov, uyo akakurumidza nendege nendege kune operative nzvimbo Moscow. Vaviri zvinokwanisika dzakasiyana pamusoro ugone guru German (yokukombwa uuraye) akazosarudzwa souya yakanakisisa Inowedzera hwakundwa. April 16 vakatanga neimwewo inogumbura. City kumucheto uye kudzivirira akauya pasi atirari moto uye simba mhepo simba wakabhombwa. 20 April akatanga kurwisa, uye rechi21 Panzer akarova kuitwa kupambwa kumaodzanyemba namafuro. Chinonyanya mikukutu nemishonga vakamirira pedyo Seelow dzakakwirira apo muvengi kaza mauto eSoviet akashandisa sairini inzwi uye Spotlights (anopfuura 140 zvidimbu) pamwe maviri kuvhunduka tangi mauto. Musi waApril 25, zvinonyatsorehwa ezvinhu muguta rava Chokwadi, kuenda eGermany asisina kwokuenda.

Kurwisana muguta

Kuunganidza zvose zvinobvira zvinhu chete zvakawedzera uwandu yokusagadzikana kumativi ose. Kukurukura anopamba Volkssturm uye Hitlerjugend akafa kutanga hondo ne ruzivo nemauto eSoviet; musha, kukava rutsigiro vachiridzira pfungwa, akatema pasi nheyo atirari uye kurwiswa ndege. Converging wedges kuguta akaswedera 2nd chikamu Belarus, wokutanga uye wechipiri kumicheto Ukrainian. Zvisinei, kuzvidzivirira, akaramba. Munguva kubva 26 kusvika 28 April, paiva neimwe njodzi, anenge vasina kurongeka mauto ravarwi guta richivezwa migove mitatu, inobatwa zindoga. Ikavhuniwa kubatana pakati pavo, akaita kare pamusoro norunhare akaradzika tunnels. Kufambisa zvaibvira kusvikira kukurukura matsime madhoo Red Army haana kukanda boka magirinedhi.

The kubatwa kweBerlin nemauto eSoviet kwakaitika mumatanho, vakatamira kune nepakati, kutambura zvikuru nezvinhu, asi kuti varege zvakanga zvisingaiti. Zvinowanzoshandiswa tsika mapoka dzepabonde, paachabvisa kota pashure muzvina. April 28, 3rd Shock Army of 1st Byelorussian Front vakasvika Reichstag.

Reichstag

paramende German vakarwira anokwana vanhu zviuru zvishanu, uyo ane zviuru chinochechenya ravarwi wakayambirwa imomo April, uye vamwe vaivapo somugumisiro kugara updating uye enhancement. By Manheru April 30 Varwi Soviet akakwanisa ipazwe, uye vakatanga kunoshamisa zvikuru kurwisana nehondo, nowenyika marwadzo munhu akakuvadzwa, asi achiri vasingadi chikara. Izvi kusvikira mangwanani musi May 1 kusvikira rising hakusi zareyal dzvuku mureza kunoreva kuti kubatwa kweBerlin nemauto eSoviet chaizvoizvo apera. Vamwe muhomwe kurwisa woutsinye kunyange usiku hwose. Pashure Reichstag kuwa pakarepo aisa mapoka mamwe maviri akavakirirwa zvakasimba nzvimbo - Spandau Zoobunker. Saka, musi kubatwa kweBerlin nemauto eSoviet - May 2, 1945.

Results uye zvibayiro

Chete panguva imwe akaedza kudzivirira Reichstag musoro vakapa upenyu hwavo nokuda anopfuura zviuru zviviri nevanozvitsigira. 125 000 vanhuwo zvavo vaiva vakaurayiwa Berlin mumugwagwa kurwa. Panguva oparesheni zvachose aparadza manomwe inifanduri uye 23 michini kupesana. Pakati uwandu mauto hafu-mamiriyoni munyaya kudzivirira guta, vakanga vachiri vapenyu zvishoma kupfuura 134 zviuru vakabatwa.

Berlin rakaparadzwa anenge zvachose. In zvikuru:

• akaputsa chose - 30.000 dura;
• hafu-vashatisa - 150 zviuru dzimba;
• Tinogamuchira avhareji kukuvadzwa - 150 zviuru dura;
• Raputika-Kuzvidavirira apo vachiedza kuchengetedza Soviet tsamwisa 225 mabhiriji;
• chimwe-muzvitatu pevhu pamusoro zvirevo Hitler akanga dzinozara kubva vachiridzira vanhu naye akavanzwa ikoko.

Pakurwisana Berlin auraya masoja vanopfuura zviuru 78 Soviet.

Ivo kuita Feat zvakafanira musoro Hero, mauto anopfuura mazana matanhatu Red Army, iyo 13 - zvakare.

War pashure Berlin

Mushure kubatwa kweBerlin, mauto eSoviet aiuya akasunungura Prague, umo dzasara SS vakaedza kuronga vokupedzisira "kuteurwa kweropa" vagari vakapanduka. Fulminant tangi uzvirasire akamisa wokupedzisira European pachoto moto hondo. Zvinonyadza, zvichida, vakaurayiwa uye akakuvadza pamazuva ake okupedzisira uye maawa, asi izvozvo ndizvo zvichaitika murwi.

Czechoslovakia - wokupedzisira nyika, akavasunungura nemauto eSoviet mushure kubatwa kweBerlin, asi hondo yakanga ichiri kuenda mberi, uye masoja, dzimwe nguva kutyaira yapfuura mudzimba dzavo, vakaenda kuFar East. Ikoko vakanga vakamirira nevaiita vokuJapan. Asi kuti chimwe nyaya ...