The kwemitemo: nhoroondo pfungwa uye dzinokosha

Pfungwa yokuti 'ezvinhu mutemo "- chine mazano, pfungwa, dzidziso uye zvitendero iyo, kurudyi mumwe, kuti zvevakomana, akaratidza nheyo vakakurumbira zvikuru constitutionalism.

Kune vamwe - yepamutemo mamiriro ndiyo pfungwa zvakarurama, ndiko Vector, mirayiridzo iri rinoti inoenda pakukura pasi enyika basa. Ndokusaka, munyika yanhasi hapana pamutemo anoti pamusoro Kuda kutamba zvavo, pasinei nokuti vakawanda zvokudya hwakanyorwa emitemo dzavo. Unogona kutaura kuti ikozvino nyika ino hwakavaka ezvinhu mutemo uye sezvo akadaro ariko, asi ichi - kwete. State of Mutemo kuonekwa munhu pachena, nomutemo uye zvakanaka ndizvo ayo nzira okukura, zvinosanganisira mirayiridzo inokosha kwemitemo uye izvo chaizvoizvo rinosanganisa mashoko aya ravo ezuva nezuva.

Uye mune imwe uye mune zvimwe zviitiko, kwemitemo ataure nokusingaperi chido revanhu kuti rusununguko, kubvisa marudzi ose echisimba uye micromanagement, anoratidza kudiwa munhu rusununguko uye kodzero dzevanhu.

kutonga nemitemo mutemo dzinobva nokunzwisisa uye kubvuma kuti ndiwo mamiriro kuti zviri pamutemo munotinyima kwavo mabasa noruremekedzo kuti munhu. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti chete uye Anopa simba rose iri hurumende iri mugari, uye saka zviri pamutemo nehurumende vanosungirwa pasi zvaanoda.

Modern enyika uye zviri pamutemo nesayenzi uye tsika zvenhare dzinotevera zviga kwemitemo:

- maumbirwo uye kuvapo zvakanaka dzakabudirira siyana veruzhinji;

- yepamutemo muganhu mamiriro zvakawanda zvokuita kuremekedzwa munhu;

- kuzivikanwa kuti pfungwa individualism sechinhu chinokosha dzematongerwe nechimwe, kupa rusununguko kune pachavo basa wacho nokuda kwake zvakanaka;

- runovimbisa pamutemo kuenzana mune zvemitemo akaitwa ushe kwekodzero dzevanhu pamusoro simba State;

- kuziva kodzero kusvikira zvivako zviri yose sezvakaita uye ravnorasprostranennosti kuti vagari vose uye nehurumende pachayo;

- kuziva kukosha kwevanhu uchangamire pamusoro uchangamire ehurumende ;

- chaiyo kupatsanurwa kwemasimba wenyika, apo kuramba kuvimbika zvematongerwo enyika uye kubatana zviito zviremera vabatsirwe vanhu kusvika akabvumira nebumbiro remitemo;

- kuziva musimboti okurambidzwa rusununguko chete kana inotyora rusununguko mumwe munhu.

The ukama pakati wacho uye zviremera pakutsvaga reMitemo.

Kwemitemo, sezvo rworudyi pfungwa, aumba kwenguva refu pahwaro dzokutanga mifananidzo vanhu vanenge rusununguko, simba uye hurumende kuti yakatanga kare. About simba mutemo mumwe chete uye haufi, akati ari 6th. BC Greek mambo-muvandudzi Solon. On nheyo parity uye nekuita kodzero dzevanhu uye mitemo mamiriro zvinotaurwa zvaakanyora, Aristotle uye Cicero. Nezverairo, somunhu kwakakwana dzidziso, zvinhu uye nhungamiro kwemitemo iri chinokosha vakanga akagadzira mugore rechi18 - rechi19 emakore nemabasa vokutanga theorists pakati liberalism. Pakupedzisira, muna zvarinoreva, tsanangudzo "ezvinhu mutemo" wakadzikwa pacharo mubasa magweta muGermany - Karl Welker uye R. of Mohl pakati pezana remakore rechi19.

The kwemitemo vari kugara kukura, asi zvakadaro kugadzirira kuti "pamutemo" ari mamiriro zvisingaiti kuti opredelnie uye achipfeka pasi chinoramba kuvandudzika of Political uye Legal System Works.