The inotungamirwa necheSalvic rinoti: okuti, mamiriro ezvinhu uye zvikonzero. Yokutanga necheSalvic inoti

NecheSalvic vanhu vakauya kundima kweGungwa Dema sezvo mangwanani ezana remakore rechitatu BC. nokukurumidza ivo kunge nyika yakakura. Vaibvepi, uyo madzibaba edu akanga? Apo wokutanga necheSalvic mamiriro? Ngationgororei nyaya idzi.

prehistory

Kamwe muna Muchiuru chemakore chokutanga BC, necheSalvic vanhu vakagara pachavo mundima dzavo, uye akatanga kuumba hurumende, vakanga vakazikamwa zvishoma. Historians uye masayendisiti-vatsvakurudzi, kunobva yakatarwa uchapupu, zvinofungidzirwa kuti madzibaba edu nyanzvi maturakiti zvakakwana huru panyika, kusanganisira muBalkans uye Eastern Europe.

Official ruzivo pamusoro marudzi kutendeukira wokutanga necheSalvic mamiriro, vaiona zvinyorwa remakore rechinomwe mushure Kristu. On izvi pamwero mukuru idzodzo vakarangarira nezvichaitika yokuti yakapoteredza munzvimbo dzakanga vamwe vanhu vakanga vachiedza ndokudzinga navo.

The inotungamirwa necheSalvic rinoti: Table chidzoke pfungwa

Nepo masayendisiti akawanda kukura nyaya iyi, maonero avo zvikurukuru zvakafanana. Kune zvitatu chete dzidziso kuti tsanangura sei paiva pakutanga Eastern necheSalvic mamiriro. Ngationgororei navo zvakadzama, uyewo tsvakai zvikuru vanoshingaira akaramba uye yakatanga dzidziso idzi:

pacharo

Tinotarisa vatowanda zvemo dzidziso. Sezvo vakawanda 80% Vanyori ano vanobvuma kuti paumbwe necheSalvic rinoti vakatanga simba pacharo. Raiva mubatanidzwa guru marudzi anoverengeka. Takasikwa kuti kukwanisa anorenda kuzvidzivirira ose vavengi, izvo kwakauraya yakaorera nyika. The Union yaiva chimwe, zvinenge seasingakuvadzi. Madzinza, rinonzi Power Chokwadi, zvinonyatsorehwa kuronga vachirwisa pamusoro kure nemisha.

In ayo mamiriro akanga marudzi kuti vaigara munharaunda ano:

• Moravians,

• vokuSerbia,

• Czechs,

• Slovaks,

• VokuCroatia.

Muzinda kushamwaridzana ichi chaiva muguta rainzi Visegrad. Akamira parwizi Morava. Zita protogosudarstva rake akagamuchira nokuda mutungamiri. Self akakwanisa vabatane pasi ake murayiro kamwe-vakapararira madzinza.

Mutungamiri mitemo makumi matatu, kutanga 623 gore uye anosvika 658. Iye vakakwanisa kuzadzisa zvabuda zvikuru. Sangana mumwe ezvinhu ndiwo marudzi zvakasiyana. Asi wakatendeuka kubva kuti zvose simba yakaiswa chokuita chete aikwanisa ari mutungamiri. Panguva iyoyo, apo mutungamiri akafa, uye havasisipo.

Bulgarian umambo

The inotungamirwa necheSalvic inoti - iri refu muitiro. Zvakanga chichiita zvikamu, vodzokera hwepakutanga. Mushure Power pachayo vakaputsanya mugore 658, ndiko takanga tisisanakidzwi kwenguva refu. It yakakanganiswa muna 681, apo kwe Bulgarian umambo wokutanga.

Kufanana yapfuura chizvarwa, ndiko mhando chokubatana umo marudzi ngwizhingwi vakabatana. Kwakadaro sungano zvakanaka kuti andobata kundima itsva. The Bulgarian umambo kwaisanganisira amarudzi Slavs uye vokuTurkey. Kubva symbiosis kwakadaro kwatova remakore rechigumi, pane Bulgarian National.

8-9 remakore inowira chepamusorosoro kukura oUmambo. Panguva iyoyowo Slavs ndivo chikuru dzinza munzvimbo idzi. Iva netsika, mabhuku, mapurani. Bulgarian Umambo riri basa rehondo pamusoro Byzantium.

The chidzoke of necheSalvic inoti akanga disadvantageous chaizvo nokuti. The Byzantine Empire richiwedzera uye aitsigira yavo kure negungwa, asi wakauya pamusoro nomutsipa nemishonga.

Ichatonga zvine mbiri umambo mutongi wake raiva Simioni. Akakwanisa kukunda shure kundima kuGungwa Black nokusika guru kuna Preslav.

Mushure mambo akafa, nyaya vakatanga kurwisana mukati hurumende. Munhu wose aida kubata kuti nharaunda yake rudzi nani uye makuru.

Muna 1014 akauya kuguma Bulgarian umambo. Simba hondo nechomukati, mauto ake akakunda Byzantine mambo pasina dambudziko. Basil II, akundwa, vakapofumadzwa nemasoja 15,000. Muna 1021, guta guru rakanga ratorwa ne Bulgarian Umambo Srem. Panguva iyo mamiriro haasi.

Moravia

Following panguva puranga iyo inotungamirwa necheSalvic rinoti, aiva Moravia Great. Power akazviratidza sezvo kuedza kuzvidzivirira kubva muvengi yokurwiswa madzinza eGermany muzana remakore rechipfumbamwe. Panguva iyoyo yakatanga kunaya ine chisimba feudalisation mu Europe. Varimi duku vakawanda vakaedza kutiza kuna Moravia uye pamwe vemo kuronga simba nemishonga knightly kwamachinda. Vakapararira madzinza kare sungano.

Panguva Svjatopolka rehurumende yaisanganisira: Pannonia, Czech Republic, Slovakia uye Poland Minor. Sezvaiitwa yapfuura necheSalvic marudzi, muMoravia hapana nechepakati kuzvidzora. Most vaiva chikamu mubatanidzwa ndima vakaramba pasi mutungamiri wavo kana mambo. Yakava guta guru Velehrad.

Muna 863 Moravia paakasvika vaKristu vokutanga pamwe Cyril naMethodius. Vaiva simba rakasimba pamusoro paumbwe zvokunyorwa ehurumende ichi uye kuti zvose necheSalvic mapoka.

Moravia zvaibudirira panguva hwake uye yokutonga Svyatopolk. Kana Bishop akafa, pamwechete naye yakaguma uye hurumende. Nyaya iyi kunoitika vose vekare idzodzo of Slavs. On nyika yaimbova Moravian akakunda Magyars, uye pashure pavo - the muArabhu. Slovakia dzakapanduka kuHungary, Czech Republic uye kutanga chinozvimirira.

Kievan Rus

Paumbwe necheSalvic inoti kwakaitika akawanda nguva. Kievan Rus chainyanya simba kunyika chiKristu chisati chavapo. Chaiva kumabvazuva Slavs. Vakanga vaine vasina kuroora ari 8-9 remakore. Center of Kievan Rus rakanga muguta Kiev. A nhoroondo yakatodzama namasimba zvinorondedzerwa ne sahwira Nestor mu "The zvakaedza yakapfuura Years".

The nyika vatambure pakasvika chiKristu, kuparara Byzantine Empire, runochengeta vanhu, pakati pavo vaiva eMongolia rinotungamirirwa Genghis Khan. Muna 1054 ayo sezvamunoita vose amarudzi Eastern Slavs. Kievan Rus vakarambana muna 1132.

The inotungamirwa necheSalvic rinoti: necheSalvic ugari tafura

Maererano zvavo vakabatikana nzvimbo, Slavs vakanga rakakamurwa yokumadokero, kumabvazuva uye kumaodzanyemba. Of pavo papera kuparadzanisa madzinza avo pachavo mutauro, tsika uye tsika dzakaumbwa. NecheSalvic inoti yakabuda semubatanidzwa yemadzinza duku, izvo pakupedzisira rwakakamukana:

Sezvaunogona kuona, kuti necheSalvic avanhu pamusoro zvemakore zvakapinda kuti, kuti aumbe dzavo, chidzidzo pasinei mamiriro. nzira iyi yaiva minzwa nguva zhinji aigona kwaizombomiswa Zvisinei izvi hazvina kuitika. Zvino, namadzibaba edu aigona vanodada nesu, sezvo simba yanhasi pakupedzisira yakawana rusununguko uye kuzivikanwa nevavakidzani vayo.