The chikuru chepfungwa hwemvura tunogara ... Properties hwemvura nzvimbo

Water vagara kwete chete chinodiwa kuti upenyu, asi nzvimbo kuti zvinenge zvakawanda. It ane vanoverengeka yakasiyana features, izvo isu tsanangura munyaya ino.

Hwemvura dzinogarisana: mamirire

Vanoverengeka zvezvakatipoteredza zvinhu zvinoonekwa ose dzinogarisana - zvinhu pasi vanorarama nevanhu vakasiyana-siyana. Tichienzanisa pasi-mhepo, hwemvura nzvimbo (Grade 5 inoongorora nyaya iyi jogirafi kosi) kunoratidzwa yakakwirira arambe achirema uye kuoneka kumanikidzwa donhwe. Its nevamwe chinhu ndiyo mari duku okisijeni. mhuka hwemvura, zvinenge hwemvura vakadanwa, zvakasiyana-siyana dzakashandisa kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.

Mapoka Environmental pamusoro hwemvura zvinenge

Most zvipenyu achingoraramira mu pakukora mvura munyanza. Vakabatana mune mapoka maviri: plankton uye nektonic. Boka rokutanga rinosanganisira utachiona, zvitema-mutema algae, muramba, crustaceans diki, uye zvichingodaro. N. Pasinei nokuti vazhinji vavo vanogona kushambira pachavo, havana kupikisa simba dzenzvimbo. Naizvozvo, unomutsa planktonic zvinenge mumvura ano. Kuchinjira kumamiriro hwemvura nzvimbo richiratidzwa yavo duku kukura, pasi chaicho uremu uye kuvapo noruzhinji outgrowths.

To nekton zvinenge zviri hove, cephalopods, hwemvura mhuka. Havazivi kuvimba simba uye mirayiridzo kuyerera uye zvinofamba mumvura chete. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti streamlined chimiro miviri yavo uye zvakanaka dzakabudirira zvimbi.

Rimwe boka hwemvura zvipenyu zviri perifeton. Izvi zvinosanganisira mvura vagere, izvo vasiyana substrate. chipanje ichi, vamwe algae, nekorari polyps. At muganhu mvura uye pasi-mhepo ezvinhu rinogarwa neuston. Izvi kunyanya tumbuyu, izvo chokuita mvura firimu.

Properties hwemvura nzvimbo

Pakati zvakatipoteredza zvinhu mvura yaunenge wakakurira anotungamirira basa tembiricha uye chiedza ezvinhu. Vanogona kunzi kuti vakaomerwa. Saka, kufadza udzamu panguva iyo pane miti iri kuda 270 m. Rakanga ipapo kuti tsvuku algae yekubata chiedza akapararira. Zvakadzika mamiriro nokuti photosynthesis vasipo.

Hwemvura dzinogarisana, izvo zvinoita zvikuru zvakawanda, uye zviratidzo kunyange zvakasiyana zvakadai BP. Nemhaka yake simba mhuka anogona kurarama chete zvimwe pakadzika.

tembiricha mamiriro

The chikuru chepfungwa aqueous kwezvakatipoteredza ndechokuti zvichienzaniswa mhepo iri shoma kuoneka tembiricha nokufamba. Somuenzaniso, muna pemvura akaturikidzana penyanza, nhamba iyi hazvirevi kupfuudza 10-15 madhigirii pamusoro razero. A mvura tembiricha iri udzamu chenguva. repasi padzinogumira rinosvika -2 madhigirii chilis. tembiricha kwakadaro inopiwa yakakwirira chaicho kupisa vanokwanisa mvura.

jekeso reservoirs

Chimwe chikuru chepfungwa aqueous kwezvakatipoteredza ndechokuti kudzika gwenya simba shoma. Saka, zvinenge vane upenyu hunobva chakarurama ichi hazvigoni kurarama panguva huru pakadzika. Chekutanga izvozvo chokuita algae. Hwakadzika 1500m chiedza hazvirevi pinda zvachose. Vamwe crustaceans, coelenterates, hove uye dzemugungwa vane enzvimbo bioluminescence. Izvi mhuka yakadzika-gungwa pachavo kubereka chiedza lipid oxidation. With anonongedzera vakadaro vachikurukura nomumwe.

mvura nevezera

Zvikurukuru simba kunyudza ainzwa kuwedzera mvura nevezera. 10 m, nhamba iyi inokwira kuna mhepo. Saka, vakawanda mhuka akaderedzwa chete mumwe kudzika uye kumanikidzwa. Somuenzaniso, annelid honye kurarama chete intertidal mapazi, uye coelacanth kutura kuna 1000 m.

Kufambira mvura makore

Kufamba mvura angava akasiyana hunhu uye zvinokonzera. Saka, kuchinja redu nzvimbo hama kuti Zuva Nomwedzi rinoita kuvapo mumakungwa uye nyanza, nemafungu. isimba giravhiti paNyika uye zvinoitwa mhepo kuerera nomunzizi. The Kugara kufamba mvura inoita basa rinokosha zvakasikwa. Zviri dzinotama fambisa mapoka akasiyana-siyana hwemvura zvipenyu, manyuko zvokudya uye okisijeni, iyo inokosha zvikuru. Chokwadi chokuti zviri inokosha gasi mumvura kuti nguva 20 kuvatumwa pasi-mhepo ezvinhu.

yakachena mumvura imomo akaita kupi? Izvi nokuda diffusion uye algae mabasa kuti aite photosynthesis. Nekuti nhamba yavo shoma kudzika ipfupi uye wevasungwa reokisijeni. Pakudzika akaturikidzana, nhamba iri shoma uye pave husingakuvadzi anaerobic ezvinhu. The chikuru chepfungwa aqueous kwezvakatipoteredza ndechokuti yakachena wevasungwa shoma kuwedzera salinity uye tembiricha.

Chokukomborerwa mvura salinity

Munhu wose anoziva kuti Mvura yakachena uye wakawanda. Ekupedzisira boka rinosanganisira makungwa, uye nyanza. salinity indekisi unotaurwa ppm. uwandu ichi nezvishoma vari 1 g mvura. Avhareji salinity nyanza ndiyo 35 ppm. Yakadereresa zvazvingava vane gungwa, riri pana matanda panyika. Izvi imhaka nguva nenguva utsotso iceberg - hombe namatombo akachengetwa mvura yakachena. Vazhinji puraneti riri wakawanda Dead Sea. Hakuna chimwe rudzi zvipenyu. salinity Its ari pedyo 350 ppm. Kubva zvine maatomu akafanana zviri mumvura chinokurira kuiisa chlorine, yavaibvisa uye magnesium.

Saka, chikuru chepfungwa aqueous kwezvakatipoteredza raro yakakwirira arambe achirema, kuti viscosity, kamari tembiricha musiyano. Zvipenyu vane kuwedzera kudzika parinoperera uwandu rezuva simba uye oxygen. Hwemvura upenyu, makatumidzwa hwemvura Utachiona, angaita kuti mvura iyerere kana kutama kwavo. Kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, vane uwandu adaptations: kuvapo dakashwa afemeruke, zvimbi, streamlined muviri chimiro, duku hama muviri uremu, hwezuva outgrowths.