Shtokman gasi munda

The Shtokman gasi uye condensate munda ichaongororwa makuru munyika. Zvinonzi munzvimbo muGungwa Barents, mune mvura kuva Russia.

General ruzivo pamusoro nharaunda

Basa rokutarisira zvipfuwo munda iri pasherefu nechepakati mapazi ari East-Barents Kutsauka. Zvinotora nzvimbo vemu sub Meridian dzaizotungamirira pedyo kumadokero pamhenderekedzo. New Earth. Kutsauka inyanzvi yokutarisira maumbirwo. Izvi imhaka pamberi mipata yakadzika; kuSouth uye North uye Barents Sea Nansen. Ivo dzakaparadzaniswa remunharaunda kukurudzira-Chigaro. South uye North chikamu vakaparadzana megasedlovinoy. Unosanganisira 3 deposits kupfuura pasherefu - chando, Shtokman uye Ludlovskoe. The yokupedzisira anoonekwa rakakura chinogona vhoriyamu. maviri okutanga vanoonekwa akasiyana.

kuonekwa

Shtokman munda kudzidza rakatanga muna 1981. Nepo kutevera misoro geophysical kudzidza Barents-Kara Basin. Basa rakanga kuitwa vashandi "Severomorneftegeofiziki" pamusoro pakutsvakurudza mudziyo "Dr. basa rokutarisira zvipfuwo Ave". Saka zita nzvimbo. Drilling of Shtokman gasi munda rakatanga muna 1983. matsime wokutanga vakaitwa ne "Valentin Shashin" uye chikepe "Viktor Muravlenko". Kusimba wokutanga ubanguranyika tsime raiva 3153 metres. Somugumisiro, drilling deposits maviri zvawanikwa.

Features dziva

The Shtokman munda gasi iri 550 chete kubva Murmansk (kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva). Nyika pedyo iri kumadokero kwemhenderekedzo Novaya Zemlya (300 km). The mvura udzamu munzvimbo kubva 320 kusvika 340 M Mari Shtokman -. Anenge 3,94 tiririyoni. ^m3. The condensate aripo mune mari mamiriyoni 56,1. T. Kwavo zvivako ano nyoro uye simba pasi pasi penyika. Kukwanisa kwavo anosvika 8 m. Uyezve, pane kwakajairika zvinozvikonzera zvinyoronyoro nevhu, idzo 4-24 tichikwanisa m. Maererano nenyanzvi, Kutsauka pemvura mukufamba oparesheni dziva makore 15-25 kuchatungamirira paumbwe nechepakati mapazi ari munzvimbo bheseni subsidence, zvisina udzamu asingasviki 10 m.

budiriro chirongwa

Yokutsvakurudza uye kusimudzira Shtokman munda chinokosha kambani rakaumbwa mugore ra2002. It ane rezinesi kuti kukura kusvika 2018 yokutanga Kambani rakaumbwa ne "Gazprom" uye "Rosneft". Last muna 2004, kwave vakatengesa danda yayo kuna nemudiwa. Pari, kushanda mundima yacho ne LLC "Gazpromneft-pasherufu". Implementation chirongwa vaifungidzira pachishandiswa chesungano iri kugadzirwa kugoverana. Panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa okuwana zvakanzi akaronga pa 22 bhiriyoni. M ³ / gore. Chikamu zvinhu vaida kutungamirira kugadzirwa liquefied gasi. chigadzirwa izvi zvichiitirwa kuti chirongwa Export kuna USA. In chete. Teriberka iri Kola Peninsula, aifanira kuvaka chirimwa uye inouraya. The kambani Kutarisira vanotarisirwa kukwezva panguva Shtokman munda dzimwe makambani. Rakanga akaronga kubudisa kumakambani vanofarira 49% kwedziva. By September 2005, pakarongwa ndokukweverwazve kumusoro, raisanganisira 5 dzimwe makambani - zvinogona vatori vechikamu kukura munharaunda rakapiwa. Zvisinei, mukuvamba October 2006, "Gazprom" akazivisa kuti hapana wavo akapa chokuita zvinhu. Panyaya iyi, iyo subsoil User yakaramba iri mumhuri kambani. Zvisinei, nokuda kuchinja muurongwa kukwezva yokumwe vanoita, kwakaonekwa kuti Shtokman munda pachioma kwenguva refu. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu zvinowedzerwa utsinye Arctic okunze, madaro marefu kubva yegungwa. Mukuwedzera, hombe kudzika matsime kunoda kwakakodzera kugadzirwa neyokufambisa michina. Domestic kambani mikana yakadaro havatakuri. Maererano Zvaifungidzirwa, kuti upfumi zvakafanira inofanira kuva 15-20 bln. USD. Kana padziva zvizere vachikwanisa kugadzirwa vhoriyamu achava mabhiriyoni 67. M ³ / gore.

mudariro itsva

In pakati paJuly 2007 pashure runhare kukurukura pakati Sarkozy uye Vladimir Putin, zvakaziviswa kuti itsva shamwari yacho wechipfuwo monopolist "Gazprom" vachava French dzesangano Total. Iye aifanira kugamuchira 25% of mugove. The yasara 24% anogona kusvika mumwe dzimwe vakaroorana. Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti chisarudzo kwakakonzerwa unopinza kuvandudza ukama pakati Russia uye France. 24% of migove yasara zvaitambidzwa kambani StatoilHydro muNorway.

nematambudziko

Kuti pave chirongwa akasikwa 2008, boka "Gazprom Neft pasherefu" yakaumbwa, 100% vaiva ne "Gazprom". RekuUnited kambani kwave yakatarwa opareta 1 ne2 nzvimbo pakukura maitikiro. The "Gazprom" kuguma August 2012 uye ayo dzakawanda vadyidzani vakabvumirana pamusoro pfupi kuturika pamusoro Implementation zvirongwa. Nokuda chisarudzo zvakanga kukwirira mari uye hwava zvirongwa zvitsva kuwana shale mari. Sezvo pakatanga kutsvakwa kusarudza anyatsobudirira urongwa. Muna October 2012, President of Russian Federation akati kuti vaifunga kusaina basa chibvumirano. Peskov akati kuti kuvakwa aizotanga kuguma 2017 gore asati. Sezvo December 2012, chirongwa yakatanga muna Implementation zvakare. Muna January 2013th nemakwikwi akanga aronga kuona akagadzira munguva yemberi chirimwa.

The zvoupfumi chinotaurwa

The Shtokman Munda kuonekwa zvikuru guta nyanyisa. Izvi zvinoita zvakaoma, asi haana kungogumira ayo budiriro. Panyaya iyi, sezvo huru zvebasa racho, pamwechete kubudirira mukuru prices okuwana, muri:

1. The vasanyanye inivhesitimendi mutoro.
2. Guarantee kutambira chirongwa zviratidzo.
3. Kutanga mukana kuchinja kuti urongwa munguva oparesheni yakatanga.

Nekugadzirisa matambudziko aya zvichigoneka chiitiko kuti, maererano nenyanzvi, mashoko Shtokman munda zvichabviswa yakatanga zvishoma nezvishoma. Panyaya iyi, kuitwa nekubatwa anopa kukura munharaunda imwe phased yakawedzera vakaenzana kugona pamusoro 3rd dziva zvinoriumba. Saka, dzinounzwa muzvikamu zvitatu. Mumwe nomumwe wavo anomiririra kushanda svinga itsva: chimwe chikuva - rwonzi of pemvura gasi Mapaipi - matatu inogadzirwa mitsara panguva LNG chirimwa (kana nepanyika Mapaipi). Paaizosvika Danho rechitatu kuchatanga pamusoro parameters avata pasi gwaro. Mari kubva pakutengeswa mishonga padanho rimwe nerimwe inogona reinvested mune pakuzadzisa.

The chaizvo zviri mugungwa hove

Izvi nzvimbo gasi kurimwa pamusoro bhuku guru upfumi ndiyo nhasi hukuru chinzvimbo. At gungwa hove nezvokuvandudzika anenge 48% kuti oupfumi zvose kukura bheseni. Nouremu nezvimwe zvechadenga ezvinhu vane kwakakanganisa magadzirirwe gasi uye condensate pa Shtokman.

midziyo

The chikuru rwokugadzira che sangano gungwa hove munharaunda vakasarudzwa chando nemishonga Semi-submersible papuratifomu. It rakagadzirirwa mawa kuchera uye kushandiswa matsime pamwe urongwa panguva miromo yacho. Possible nzira vaigona kuva platforms akadai SPAR uye TLP. Mumwe nzvimbo iri kutarisirwa kuisa rose rakaoma vaishandisa kuchera zvokushandisa, kwezvinhu dzakabatana remumunda mishonga anogadzirwa gasi. Zvapedzisira zvinodiwa nechokwadi chimwe-danho chokufambisa pamusoro mbishi zvinhu kuburikidza Mapaipi. Design pamwero dzokubudisa zvinoitwa kugadzwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana zvikamu Shtokman platforms zvitatu. Mumwe nomumwe wavo zvokudya kuburikidza 3 tsime hurongwa. The chirongwa anopa yunifomu akaparadzirwa dhipoziti nzvimbo. Mumwe kuchikuva inobatanidzwa nemhenderekedzo Zvivako vachishandisa mumwe Mapaipi. Kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti rakavimbika uye kudzivirira kukundikana munyika yose ino, nzvimbo dzose dziri chokuita zvimwe Mapaipi.

mhedziso

Kuongorora zviri Shtokman munda zvinoda Zvechokwadi, mari yakawanda. Zvisinei, ayo kukura ichapa zvinokosha zvemaBhaibheri mbishi zvinhu pagore. Munda riri munyika asi zvisingafadzi. wenyika. Chinangwa chacho ndechokuti zuva kuti optimize mari. The zvishoma nezvishoma yomusango matambudziko akawanda, kuwana mari inodiwa kuti reinvestment. Zvikuru Zvisinei, dzimwe shamwari uye mari.