Sandomirskiy bridgehead Vistula (1944)

Famous Sandomierz bridgehead akabatwa nemauto eSoviet kuruboshwe kumahombekombe Vistula pamugumo July 1944. Zvinonzi anonzi kuti pedyo neguta wePolish.

Soviet tsamwisa

Munhoroondo mabhuku Sandomierz bridgehead zviri kwaimboitwa Baranuvskim kana Baranów Sandomierski. The oparesheni akandosungawo chinokosha ichi mberi kwakaitwa hondo 1st Ukrainian Front (13th uye 1st Guards Tank Mauto, akarayira Marshal of Soviet Union Ivan Konev).

Chekutanga Sandomierz bridgehead kwaikosha kuramba kurwisa kumadokero. Mukutanga August, mune zvekutepfenyura ichi vaiva ropa hondo akagumisa inokosha kubudirira Red Army. Under moto kuramba akakwanisa makiromita chete 50 (pahupamhi bridgehead yakawedzera 60 kilometers).

On inoenda Vistula

Muzhizha ra1944 hondo anokosha muPoland wakarwira Sandomierz. Tisati kuti, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kuyambuka Vistula. Hondo 1st Ukrainian Front, asiri vanorega uye kunonotsa kutevedzana akaenda kurwizi, achikusiyirai vasunungurwa Polish ugari. Field akavhiyiwa inotungamirirwa refutenendi-General Nikolai Pukhov, uye Colonel-General Mikhail Katukov. July 27 akabatwa Yaroslav. Pashure paizvozvo mauto akarayirwa kuramba itamire Vistula, pasina mumapoka skirmishes nemuvengi.

Tsamwisa warrior mapoka kuoma nokusavapo upi rutsigiro kubva mumhepo. Chaiva chokwadi kuti nemhaka mukuru mwero mberi dzendege havambokwanisi nguva yokuti mberi dzakabatana. Mavhiki maviri asati Kuregwa guta akayambuka Vistula 3rd Guards Army Colonel-General Vasily Gordov. July 29 chikamu akakunda mauto muvengi papi munharaunda Annopolya. Kubudirira uku akabvumira kuti kuwedzera Sandomierz bridgehead.

kuchinjika

Upamhi kumanikidza of Vistula akanga asina kupfuura makiromita maviri. Nguva dzose paiva nengozi kuti bridgehead nepfari kuda "nyura". Zvisinei, vanhu vokuGermany Akatya, vakanga mitezo uye achifunga chete sei shure asina kumbokuvadzwa. Muna Wehrmacht kunyange yakasarudza kuchera dhamu iri Vistula. Zvisinei, nokukurumidza kufambira mberi Red Army akavhiringidza zvirongwa izvi.

Lvov-Sandomierz oparesheni akanga akundwa vokuGermany sabvumika. Mai haana Varidza nokuda mhiri yakaramba mauto eGermany. Paradzai kukurukurirana kwaireva kuti kutema yavo.

Zvichakadai, musi waJuly 30, Red Army muperekedzi ferries, uye zuva rakatevera vakatanga kuvakwa yakaderera mvura zambuko pamusoro Vistula River. Ebetsero ndege hadzisi ipapo, saka kuyambuka akadzivirirwa smokescreen. Manheru, okutanga mauto eSoviet akanga pakatarisana bhengi. It akaumba midzi. Akava kutanga pfungwa kuti mberi inogumbura.

kuwedzera midzi

July 31 rechi17 hondo Wehrmacht akaedza kurova shure pamharadzano Dzvuku Army. Zvisinei, izvi zvakashaya pasina. Strategic Initiative uye Qualitative ukuru rakanga kudivi varwi Soviet. Kwechinguva Vakachengeta zvinzvimbo zvavo, havana kuenda kurwisa, uye chete akarwa kure kurwisa muvengi. Izvi zvakaitwa kuitira kuti vawane nguva. Mavhiki maviri ose mauto matsva vakayambukira pakatarisana kumahombekombe Vistula.

Chete kuti vawane simba uye kutungamirira zviito zvavo, August 15, rechi13 uye 3rd Guards Army akatora sokuronga kukosha guta Sandomierz. VokuGermany vakadzokera shure mavhunduka. mukuedza kwavo kusunda muvengi nguva neimwe vakatadza rwizi. Zvino, Wehrmacht akanga chete kusiya chinzvimbo uye kuenda kumadokero. The zvichiguma bridgehead chaiitirwa kusvikira January 1945. Zvino kubva Sandomierz vatanga mumwe pamwero mukuru tsamwisa, yainzi Sandomierz-Silesian oparesheni. Nokufamba kwayo, Red Army pakupedzisira akasunungura Poland kubva Nazi basa.