Russian uye vatorwa vadetembi ramakore rechi18

The mabhuku huru Russian ine vakawanda Genres. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinofadza uye chinonyanya pachena ndiko nhetembo. Famous vadetembi ramakore rechi18 aiva chikuru simba pamusoro wayo kukura.

Chii nhetembo?

Izvi ounyanzvi, zvikuru kunzwisisa uye chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda chinokosha. In mabhuku nyika, nhetembo mukuru kukosha. Kubvira kare nanhasi riripo dzakasiyana pazvinoitwa kwevanhu. Zvakakwana kuyeuka kuti vanhu kuimba pamwe chete dzemazororo fara nziyo, magwaro izvo akasika vadetembi ramakore rechi18, rechi19 uye rechi20. Muhondo, wokufananidzira mitsetse uye runoenzanirana mutinhimira akamutsa nyika mweya ravarwi akarwa nokuda Yababa.

KuMiddle Ages zvakanga kunyanya yakakurumbira kuimba serenades pasi balconies Vakadzi yakanaka - nenzira iyi varume vakareurura rudo rwavo manzwiro. Russian uye vatorwa vadetembi ramakore rechi18 (kusanganisira Friedrich Schiller uye Robert Burns) akasika zvokuti richinaka ounyanzvi kuti yakabuda mumazana emakore akazotevera nokurongerwa muitiro kuti vanokudzwa naanamai kudzokorora nhetembo waaida mwoyo yavo vakadzi.

Pamusana nhetembo Angaratidza manzwiro, manzwiro uye manzwiro, ukama wayo akapoteredza zviitiko. Pakati wokufananidzira mabasa inoratidza nhetembo, mutambo, itsva mune nhetembo. Vose zvavo, kusiyana prose, vane nzira dzakasiyana kuronga mashoko hwokudhirowa. Nhasi, pasinei changing mutinhimira upenyu, zvakasiyana uye zvaunofarira, nhetembo anoramba akatendeka shamwari womunhu.

Nguva panowanikwa nhetembo muna Russian

Russian nhetembo yakabuda munzvimbo nemanomwe remakore. Kutaura yakakurumbira vadetembi Russian, tinofanira kutaura zita Simeona Polotskogo - nyanduri wokutanga, mudetembi Russian uye nyanzvi. Iye ane yakatarwa nhetembo, iyo zvakarurama vaiona zvikabva yacho ode. vadetembi Russian ramakore rechi18 akadzidza zvakawanda kubva ake anonakidza zvikuru mabasa. Simioni pakati Polotsk, sezvo mudetembi mukuru nguva yake, akasika kuunganidza maviri syllabic ndima. Chimwe chakanakira guru nyanduri ndechokuti vaakadzidzisa kuMoscow pamwe kunoshamisa unyanzvi, achinyora Mitambo mitatu mumweya Ages zvakavanzika. Mitambo iyi vakanga kufanorongwa pasuwo ramambo.

Russian nhetembo XVIII remakore

vadetembi Russian ramakore rechi18 inoshandiswa mumabasa ake syllabic versification. Nokudaro vakaramba zvinokosha uye tsika yakatangwa Simioni pakati Polotsk. Sezvo pakati ichi remakore, syllabic versification ne syllabic-tonic ndima. The creators itsva enhetembo hurongwa vakanga anozivikanwa vadetembi ramakore rechi18: MV Lomonosov, Sumarokov AP uye Trediakovskii VK Huripo panguva Genres vanosarudza munhu ode chokurumbidza. Russian musayendisiti Great Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov pasina nyanduri zvishoma kunoshamisa. Most kazhinji basa rake, akashandisa pentameter. In ake pfungwa, ndiko pentameter nhetembo akapa chaiyo nokubwinya uye rupo. Iye akafunga kushandisa marudzi ose senhetembo munhetembo.

vadetembi Russian ramakore rechi18. Pamazita

1. Aleksandr Nikolaevich Radischev.
2. Aleksey Andreevich Rzhevsky.
3. Aleksandr Petrovich Sumarokov.
4. Anna Petrovna Bunina.
5. Anna Sergeevna Zhukova.
6. Andrey Andreevich Nartov.
7. Antioh Dmitrievich Kantemir.
8. Vasily Petrovich Petrov.
9. Vasily remaparrot.
10. Vasiliy Lvovich Pushkin.
11. Vasiliy Kirillovich Trediakovsky.
12. Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin.
13. Gabriel Petrovich Kamenev.
14. Ermil Ivanovich Kostrov.
15. Ivan Semonovich Barkov.
16. Ippolit Fodorovich Bogdanovich.
17. Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev.
18. Ivan Petrovich Pnin.
19. Ivan Ivanovich Chemnitzer.
20. Ivan Mihaylovich Dolgoruky.
21. Ivan Perfilevich Elagin.
22. Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov.
23. Mihail Ivanovich Popov.
24. Mihail Matveevich Heraskov.
25. Nikolay Nikitich Popovsky.
26. Nikolay Aleksandrovich Lvov.
27. Pavel Pavlovich ICOS.
28. Semon Sergeevich Bobrov.
29. Sergei Nikiforovich Marin.
30. Yakov Borisovich Knyazhnin.

Huru misiyano pakati Russian nhetembo kubva mabhuku rechi18 Old Russian

Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin Mutsara chete akasimbisa unhu hutsva mabhuku, uyo akauya navo vanyanduri ramakore rechi18. Chii vaiva inokosha kusiyana ichi remakore kubva muzvikamu kwokutanga munhoroondo mabhuku? Chokutanga, mumabhuku ekare zvachose vasipo Copyright pakutanga. A kuwanda wevanyori akanga zita. Zvino paiva nemabhuku chisiri munhu, izvo hwaienzanirana kune feudal dzematongerwe uye zvechitendero kuziva. Panyaya iyi, mabhuku Old Russian unotiyeuchidza ngano, apo munyori yakatangawo chinoshayikwa. Maiva vatenzi makuru basa ravo, asi havasi vemifananidzo ane inopenya uye nevamwe unhu. Panguva Renaissance kuMadokero, pfungwa unhu. Panguva ino pane mabhuku matsva, apo pakutanga romunyori yakatsviriridza. MuRussia, pfungwa wacho akaberekwa zvikuru gare gare, muna guru makore Peter. The vadetembi ramakore rechi18 uye mabasa avo kwakaratidza kutanga zvitsva kumwedzi. mabhuku Russian raiva simba uye nokukurumidza kukura. Mumakore 70 chete, pane kufambira mberi mune mabhuku, izvo mune dzimwe nyika vakakunda emakore.

Nhanho Russian mabhuku dzazvino okutanga

Nheyo yakasimba kuti gumi chete nhatu nyanduri.

Muna 1729, kunyorwa AD Cantemir akauya satire yokutanga, iyo akazarura itsva kuitika rose. In 1735 VK Trediakovskii anoisa chinangwa kuumba National mabhuku nevamwe uye nhetembo zvinoita kuchinja. , Syllabic-tonic hurongwa wakatangwa nomudetembi dzakazonaka tarisiro kukura Russian nhetembo. kukosha kwayo uye uchenjeri, uyewo mukana kuzosimbisa. Kusvikira zvino, ino rinoshandiswa panguva Artists.

Muna 1739, MV Lomonosov anosika ode "On wokukundwa Khotin", kuvimba dzakabudirira Trediakovskij kutendeuka.

The huru nyanduri Russian Mikhail Lomonosov okugadzira zvinhu ake Akakurumidza kuchinja chitarisiko uye unhu mabhuku, ayo basa uye nzvimbo tsika nemagariro upenyu munyika. mabhuku edu akafarirwa kodzero rayo zviripo enhetembo Genres uye "akataura" pamwe muverengi mutauro zvachose mutsva. Yakasvika vanyanduri ramakore rechi18. Russian nhetembo nenyanzvi izvi zviri zvikuru kuti ive nhetembo remakore inogarwa hukuru chinzvimbo. Zviri rutendo kwaari vanobudirira vakanzwisisa prose kuti yakabuda kubva 1760s uye akagamuchira ichatonga zvine mbiri ayo ari 30s remakore rechi19. Zvadaro, kana vakararama uye akasika pachavo nemamwe zvisikwa zvavo AS Pushkin uye NV Gogol. Pashure paizvozvo, vakuru prose kunoitika yaro yokutanga mabhuku.

mhedziso

Saka, vanyanduri ramakore rechi18 vakabatsira zvikuru kukura Russian nhetembo. Kushandiswa mumabasa ake syllabic versification. Nokudaro vakaramba zvinokosha uye tsika yakatangwa Simioni pakati Polotsk. The creators wegadziriro itsva vaiva enhetembo: AD Kantemir, MV Lomonosov, AP Sumarokov uye VK Trediakovskii. Nemhaka kwavari, nhetembo kuti remakore inogarwa hukuru chinzvimbo. Poems kubudikidza vadetembi Russian ramakore rechi18 kukuru. Ivo ndakunda mwoyo vaverengi vakawanda.