Hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo. Mufananidzo hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare"

Munyika kubva panguva Homer, uye vachiri havana mabhuku chisikwa ane misoro nyore kudaro kuti achidonongodza upenyu sezvakaita yakakura Leo NdiTolstoy kuti "Hondo uye Rugare".

Nganonyorwa yakadzika sezvo upenyu

Basa harisi vanonyanya kutaurwa zviri kwakajairika pfungwa shoko. Russian shasha akabvuma kuti mapeji ebhuku nokuyerera roupenyu kuti hondo rumbles, ipapo anowira anyerere nyika. In mhenyu Rwizi urwu zvavo vanhu vari vake Organic inoramba. Dzimwe nguva zvazvinoita nayo, asi kakawanda vanozvarwa nayo, nekugadzirisa matambudziko avo zuva uye kurwisana. Kunyange hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" rinoratidza wechokwadi uye zvinokosha. Hakuna mbiri yokufungidzira, asi hapana jekiseni chido. Vanhuwo zvavo vanogara ezvinhu hondo uye norugare, uye pachavo kuratidza nzira zviri mukuwirirana dzavo yomukati mamiriro.

Pasina unyanzvi anoitwa

The Musoro hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" haasi bulging artificially munyori. Zvinotora nzvimbo zvikuru kushanda, zvinotora nguva yakareba sei muupenyu chaihwo vanhu Russian pakutanga ari XIX remakore. Asi Russia kwemakore 12 dzakarwiwa kugara hondo, uye zviuru zvevanhu vave kuriitawo. Europe zviri nenyonganyonga, musimboti reEurope mweya kutsvaka zvitsva zvipenyu. Vazhinji vagokungurusa kumusoro "maviri-makumbo marefu mhuka", iro mamiriyoni asi iyo "akanga akanzi Napoleon."

Kokutanga Prince Kutuzov anozviratidza pamusoro mapeji itsva isati hondo Austerlitz. Muhurukuro yake, yakadzika uye rinogutsa, pamwe Andrei Bolkonsky, tinopindura kuna chakavanzika anoratidza basa reDare Kutuzov mu zvichaitirwa vanhu vake. Mufananidzo Kutuzov mu "Hondo uye Rugare" chinoshamisa pakutanga kuaona. mukuru uyu, asi munyori sokuti haana kucherechedza utungamiri tarenda. Hongu, avo vaiva mariri, kana ichienzaniswa Napoleon uye Bagration, kunyanya kukurumbira. Saka chii iye akapfuura uto shasha? Uye manzwiro avo, rudo akaputsa mwoyo wake panguva Austerlitz, apo mauto Russian vakamhanya: "! Ndizvo unotema"

Leo NdiTolstoy inoramba hunorondedzera pfungwa hondo. Kubva kuparadzwa zvachose Russian hondo muna 1805, anoponesa ane kujeka Tushin, kwete utungamiri tarenda Bagration uye Kutuzov. Hapana mubvunzo, mambokadzi simba nhamba asi simba rayo riri kuchinjwa kumanikidza bhiza pasina mutasvi, kana pawns vanoramba kufa nokuti: kicks, ikaruma asi zvose.

A yoga dingindira - hondo

Kuti vanyori kuna Lva Tolstogo, raiva rakaorera nyaya, izvo zvakabatsira zvinoratidza kuti muverengi zvakanakisisa unhu mabasa magamba pakunamata. A count aisava munyori, uye vose "unoparadza." Akabata kurira mweya womunhu. vatambi vake vanouya chaizvo maererano kurira mweya yavo, kana muruvazhe hondo kana runyararo. Mufananidzo Napoleon mu "Hondo uye Rugare" anoratidzwa ne zvakarurama divi, zvinoti - ari inzwi romunhu. Hapana zvikuru zvakafanana Natasha Rostova. Ndivo zvose zvoupenyu zvakaenzana. Vose vanobva kuhondo kundorwa.

nzira Napoleon chete anomhanya kuburikidza neropa uye Natasha - kuburikidza norudo. Napoleon, uye kwete kwekanguva nechokwadi kuti iye anotungamira yemberi pemarudzi. Naizvozvo inzwi mweya wake. Asi Napoleon akanga achangobva kusarudzwa pavanogadzira sezvineiwo, apo marudzi ose Europe muuropi kupinza zvishoma nezvishoma pfungwa inotyisa - kuuraya mumwe. Uye ani kupfuura aigona kunowirirana pfungwa, asi Napoleon - underdeveloped pfupi chete overdeveloped pfungwa?

Hondo huru neduku

Kurondedzerwa hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" varipo zvakazara, zvikuru nezviduku, hondo uye norugare. The shure wamapoka Russian kubva pamuganhu, zvakare, aiva kurwa. "Kana chemabhazi?" - akabvunza nokusashivirira Kutuzov muduku vemauto. "Zvino vanhu vose vanoda kurwa," - akati akachenjera harahwa Russian. Kwavari hondo - iyi ndiyo mutambo uye basa, munogamuchira mibayiro uye chinzvimbo. Uye nokuti munhu achishamisika murwi uye vanhu - icho upenyu kuti ndiye uye chete.

Hondo Borodino ari mugumo hondo pakati zviviri ndudzi huru, asi chete chiitiko muupenyu wose akagara munyika mberi. Kwasara zuva kwatinhira rokurwa. Uye chinhu chakachinja munyika kubva. Europe atangazve kuziva. Kwete nzira kukura kwayo akusarudza. Uye Napoleon akanga isingachadiwi naye. Zvadaro chete svava. Uye hakuna shasha somunhu mukuru kana pfungwa enyika izvi kumuponesa asingagoni, nokuti rudzi rwose pana Borodino akati anoshuva nomwoyo wake wose kuti pachake.

Knights hondo

Akatsanangura hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" kubva nemaonero evanhu akasiyana. Pakati pavo pane avo vanoirima hondo chinhu dzinongoitika maatomu akafanana. Tikhon Shcherbaty, iyo demo wakaitwa, sezvinoita mhumhi meno; Dolokhov, moto inodya uye mutambi; Nikolai Rostov, yakadzikama uye anoramba akashinga; Denisov, kushapira-kunwa nyanduri uye hondo; Kutuzov mukuru; Andrey Bolkonsky - muzivi uye anokwezva unhu. Chii zvavanofarira vose mumwe nomumwe? Uye chokwadi kuti, kunze hondo, kuva noupenyu zvakasiyana iripo. Mufananidzo Kutuzov mu "Hondo uye Rugare" panyaya iyi inongova akakwana yakavhomorwa. Kunyange sezvo Ilya Muromets, nokuti ruponeso Yababa akabviswa chitofu.

Izvi zvose Knights hondo, panotangira zvisina uzivi kana fungidziro, uye mhuka nahwo chengozi. Kutuzov haana akasiyana zvikuru kubva Tihona Scherbatogo. Vose havafungi, hadzisi, uye kunzwa semhuka, pane ngozi, uye ndipo anotarisana. Not angapfuura akadhakwa Tikhon, uyo achipemha pachechi. Nikolay Rostov panguva pakuguma itsva pamusoro chinhu anotaura Bezukhov, asi kukurukurirana ake ose vanoonekwa hondo mifananidzo chete.

Muna nganonyorwa "Hondo uye Rugare" hapana nhema kana zvakafanana, kana uyo akati, chete kuva witty. Leo NdiTolstoy reba chete mufananidzo vatambi vake. Haadi mhosva navo kumbobvira, asi haana anomurumbidza. Kunyange Andreya Bolkonskogo, zvingaita sokuti, ake kufarira gamba, haana kuita anoyemurika. Aimutevera vapenyu - zviri furawa, nokuti ari knight yehondo, kunyange munguva yorugare. Rufu uye kuzviuraya rudo Natasha aiva mubayiro wake, nokuti vanotova Napoleon mweya kuti scarier ari Napoleon chaiye. Vose aifarira naye, uye iye - kwete. Vanoziva remangwana kana zvinofunga simba knight kwehondo rinoitei kunyange kwaari rufu rwake asati aburukira norugare. Pasi ake simba rakanga kunyange omutsa zvikurusa varume - Per Bezuhov vaine mwoyo, uye ichi ndicho yakadaro kutyisidzira nyika, kuti kwakaipa kupfuura ropa hondo.

The zvaparadzanisa mudenga

Andrey Bolkonsky avete pamunda Austerlitz, akaona denga. Above wakazvizivisa zvisingaperi. Pakarepo Napoleon anosvika pamwe boka racho ake. "Uyu -! Rufu akanaka", - akadaro iye asina kunzwisisa chinhu kuzova rufu kana, zvakatonyanya muupenyu. Uye chii chinogona kunzwisiswa panyaya iyi kuti, asingadi kunzwa upenyu mumwe munhu? The mubvunzo wokuti. Uye hondo mifananidzo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" zvinotaurwa nevezvematongerwe zvose.

Vanhu acharirima pasi, vachipfura mumwe, ndikadzura zvidimbu chingwa kubva mumiromo vamwe, anyadziswa uye kunyengedzwa hama dzake. Sei izvi zvose, kana matenga wadzikama risina? Matenga vakakamurwa, nokuti mweya yevanhu iri rwakakamukana. Munhu wose anoda kurarama pedyo muvakidzani akanaka, asi panguva imwe chete inokonzera maronda mupfungwa munhu akanaka.

Sei hondo uye rugare inotevera upenyu?

NdiTolstoy mufananidzo rwehondo yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" riri vasingasiyani kubva mufananidzo wenyika, nokuti consubstantial muupenyu chaihwo. A Russian shasha zvaunoswedera ndihwo upenyu chaihwo, kwete chii anoda kuona vakamupoteredza. Ake pfungwa ouzivi ari chigadzirwa asi chinyakare, asi havana zvakawanda chokwadi pane pfungwa highbrow nyanzvi. Pashure pezvose, vanhu havana nzira papepa.

Passion anowanzoreva akasimba kupfuura chikonzero. Karataev nekuti vakachenjera kuti akangwara, asi nekuti upenyu kunyura ose PARTICIPLE muviri wake, kubva uropi kusvika nyore. The nganonyorwa kunoratidza consubstantial zvisingaperi nedanho upenyu, iyo - kusafa rwevanhu, uye naizvozvo mumwe nomumwe.

Uye nyika ruchitsemuka hafu - anosvuta mabhokisi mhosva

Prince Andrew patafura anodawo, uye tevere sawing gumbo Anatole Kuragin. Uye wokutanga kufunga musoro wangu Andrew: "Nei iye pano," With pfungwa dzakadaro chero pachimiro upenyu hwevanhu pane rimwe kamwe ari vakagadzirira kushandisa kuhondo kuitika. Hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" haina chete pane vanoratidzwa, uko kanoni moto uye vanhu vachimhanya vari bhayoneti mutariri. Kana kuchema mwanakomana muduku mai akapondwa vake, harisi chiitiko kurwa? Uye chii chingava zvakawanda hondo pane kuti vanhu vaviri kana vari kutaura upenyu uye kufa mamiriyoni evanhu, vose avo haana kunyange kumboona? Akatsemura chiedza kudenga hondo uye norugare, ari rwakakamukana.

Kunaka upenyu yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare"

Leo NdiTolstoy ndiye utsinye nemufananidzo mifananidzo yevanhu, uye utsinye nomufananidzo upenyu hwevanhu pacharo. Asi runako kwayo kunoonekwa neshoko dzose yokufungidzira kukuru. Bezuhov racho rose ringakweva kubva moto mwana, vachitsvaka naamai. Mumwe sleepily kupindura mibvunzo, Petrified pakukuvadzwa. Asi Bezukhov uye zviito zvake zvisina panoonekwa vaverengi sezvo yemaguta runako mweya womunhu.

Uye akanzwa Bolkonski nechido Natasha Rostova ari muusiku hwakati zii! Kunyange Sonia kufara naye vana, mweya asingabereki, zvakare, ane mugwenga, vachirwadziwa runako vayo. Iye akarwa nokuti mufaro uye akarasikirwa hondo inexorable mugumo. Hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" ane zviuru noruvara, uyewo runako.

Nondescript Tuszyn uyo runodzingira maoko ake ari chinoumba muvengi, inokura kuti ive yakanaka ngano hofori, kwete chete ndekwokufungidzira. Zvinova raakashandisa pomuouki, izvo akataura Andrey Bolkonsky. Mamiriro ezvinhu musangano vemauto pashure hondo Borodino nyaya iri itsva kuburikidza meso mwana. Uye zvinofadza anotarira nzira vakariona uye akayeuka musangano mwana: "Sekuru vangu akamuka, uye zvose vakamuteerera!"

Svika kumakore

Anyora kuti yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare", maererano vatsoropodzi vakawanda, Lvu Nikolaevichu Tolstomu akakwanisa kaviri chete kukwira kumusoro sverhpravdivogo mabhuku uri - the "dhiyabhorosi" uye "vanoreurura", asi kwete kwenguva refu.