"Turika": urongwa Muchidimbu, vanhu vanonyanya kutaurwa

Mumwe yakakurumbira mabasa mabhuku ekare ndiyo "Lay", chirongwa zviri izvo tichakurukura munyaya ino.

Zvarongwa umhare ngano

Zvinobikwa "Turika" anorondedzera nguva apo Kievan Rus varasikirwa simba rayo uye rikanyura kukakavara. The kusabatana ehurumende uye ruvengo pakati machinda (zvose - nokuti mukuru atari) vakanga vaisanganisa nechimwe chinhu - Polovtsian nechisimba yavo. MuArabhu kubirwa vakauraya, akadzinga vasungwa apo kumanikidzwa kushanda zvakaoma kwemakore.

Chete vagari zvinoitwa machinda Russian aigona anokunyaradza yacho inowanzorimwa. Kwakanga kusina munhu akabudirira rutsigiro, dzinodzokera kumusha vanhu unokusuwa pasi pejoko. Zvisinei, Novgorod-Seversky Prince akasarudza pachavo kuti rwendo kuwana mugove mukurumbira uye kugadzirwa. "Lay", izvo zvichaita kuzoshumirwa zvishoma kwapera, iye anotaura chiitiko plan, uko kwakaguma zvikuru. Igor akabatwa pamwe chete nomwanakomana wake uye vanokudzwa, kukupfura ake nokuda kworutivi akaparara muhondo, uye vakasara - akavawo muranda.

Nokuedza machinda ose Russia iri kuenda zvikuru rudzikinuro kununura muzukuru. Zvisinei, Igor Rinotarisira kunzvenga - kwete pasina rubatsiro Polovtsy Ovlur, uyo aiva namai vainzi Russian. Zvisinei, mari inounganidzwa yakanga yakakwana kudzokera kumba mumwe retainer Prince, uyo aimbotaurawo vakatadza mushandirapamwe.

"Turika": Plan

Basa, chakaburuka kubva kare chete ari retelling uye makopi, kunzwisisa chaizvo uye siyana. Inoitwa anoverengeka zvikamu, izvo, sezvinoita dambanemazwi, kusika mufananidzo chete - upenyu uye matambudziko Russia regumi namaviri remakore. Ivo:

• Mukova umo munyori inotiudza vaimbi makuru akare - Boyana, pamusoro nyika Rus 'uye avo vageremo, machinda uye rutsigiro. Pano vanotaurwa (uye retold) chevarwere ngano pamusoro umhare mabasa wavabati vanamwari vechihedheni.
• Igor kuti rutsigiro. Chikamu ichi rinotsanangura wakashata chaizvo rutsigiro, izvo rakatanga kuora kwezuva. Asi pasinei chiratidzo zvakaipa, kufora kunotanga, uye kufanana zvakanaka nemhanza mauto. Vakanga vakakunda uye akakunda rebei zvakatorwa nechisimba. Zvisinei, pane pakarepo kumba, vigilantes Russian kuronga mutambo. Vari ndibate pamwe huru mauto Polovtsy uye zvinonzwisa tsitsi kuurayiwa, dzevakawanda avo vanoirima zvinokwanisika kuwana rudzikinuro.
• Golden shoko Svyatoslav. Chikamu ichi nyaya kuti mashoko akaipa achakurumidza kusvika Kiev. Great Prince Svyatoslav yakakusuruvarisai, hazvishamisi akafanoona njodzi uye akarota zvakaipa. Asi pano munyori anorondedzera kukunda mukuru muchinda Kiev ari achangopfuura chipatapata Polovtsy (izvo hazvina kubatanidzwa Novgorod-Severtsev). Anotikumbira rubatsiro vakagumburwa hama.
• Kwidza nyaya zvomuchinda. Hazvina kujeka kana vaneshungu runhare yakarira kubva miromo Prince Svyatoslav uye ndiye munyori akaratidza wake pfungwa. Asi zvino ari "Shoko ..." unonakidza mharidzo umo pasi pfungwa kubatana. Munyori inotaura ose vatongi zvikuru Russian nyika, yakasimba amachinda nezvizvarwa zvavo. Anobvunza kuti kurega mukurwisana vatsivire kukundwa Igor.
• Yaroslavna kuti Chemai. Ndicho zvikuru kudanana chikamu basa, apo mukuru hunhu anova mudzimai Igor - Yaroslavna. "The zvakaedza Igor kuti Campaign" anokwevera yayo zvikuru murudo nomukadzi, mashoko kukundwa ake vakarikunda Anoona sezvo njodzi. Ose mangwanani napamasuo eguta unodanidzira, anotikumbira kuti mhepo, zuva uye rwizi Dnepr, dzichivapomera kukundikana. Iye akagadzirira nendege shiri kurapa maronda muviri wake.
• Igor Kutiza pakutapwa. Sezvo Prince anonzwisisa kuti rudzikinuro guru, akagadza pamusoro wake uye mwanakomana wake musoro wacho, kukanganisa zvikuru mari nezvenzvimbo Russia, Igor angatsunga kunzvenga. Munyori rinoita kumhanya pamwe naye, vakabata nokufarisa mwoyo. Prince kubatsira shamwari kwete chete, asiwo nyeredzi. Polovtsy umuteverere pazvitsitsinho ake, asi vatizi vanokwanisa kutiza uye vasvike ake yechizvarigo.

Major Russian paakaita vatambi

mifananidzo anonakidza anotaurwa basa iri. "Turika" rinoreva Prince Igor, mubati Novgorod-Seversky, uye mudzimai wake akatendeka Yaroslavna. Ndivo vanonyanya kutaurwa. Prince - pakutanga anozvikudza uye akasindimara munhu anokwanisa mupfungwa maitiro, kwete vakafunga kumagumo. Panopera chigadzirwa ikaramba sezvo akazvidemba mutongi akachenjera uye izvo vakaziva kukanganisa uye akagadzirira kuudzikunura. It inosunungura ose varwi pakutapwa, pamwe nemamwe machinda vanyoro, uye kuvatenda rubatsiro rwavo. Yaroslavna - munyoro uye ane rudo, manzwiro avo kumurwira murume, iye anoda naye uye kudana rubatsiro zvose zvakasikwa.

Prince Svyatoslav anozviratidza sezvo mutongi Russian nyika akachenjera, ndicho baba yokufananidzira machinda uye ukuru. Pasina mumuromo make rinonzwika kutaura pamusoro kushamwaridzana uye tose rubatsiro. Bojan - munhu kunyange akanga abvisa kubva pazviitiko, asi mano ayo wakapiwa pamusoro apa, anofuridzira uye anotsigira. Hazvina basa kuti muimbi wacho refu vafa, ndangariro dzake anogara mumoyo yevanhu.

Zvakakurukurwa chigadzirwa

"Lay", inova yepamusoro urongwa kuti ane uwandu zvinhu. Izvi hazvisi chete umhare nhetembo, kwakafanana ne "rinonzi Iliad" uye "Odyssey" pamusoro Homer. Ichi chinhu yakakura wechokwadi, akasikwa zvakanaka tsika Ages. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa mumutauro chaiyo, kutaura, manyawi kare akunde. Asi pakati mitsetse nokusuwa akanzwa, sezvo munyori anoona sezvo vatongi yeMeribha vanoparadza kamwe guru simba. Iye nechido ziso huru dambudziko Russia - kushaya kubatana pakati machinda, vasingagoni vagovere nhaka uye achida kugara pachigaro choushe Kiev.

Asi kundikana danidziro kwete chete akati "Turika." Zvinoitwa nechimwe muchinda runoita kudzorera nhoroondo mufananidzo vatongi, kuti kumutsiridza zvido zvavo uye zvavanotarisira. Vakaita makagovana, pasinei nokuti mubati Novgorod-Seversky kwavabati akaita chaizvo kuchenjera. Pamwe chete vari kurera mari pakutapwa Igor vake retainers atenge musana, nomufaro akakwazisa muchinda vasunungurwa. Asi chidzidzo munhoroondo akanga akanganwa, sezvo mapoka uye handitsauki.

Mythology uye unyanzvi unyanzvi

Basa izere necheSalvic chevarwere motifs, enhetembo zvirevo, ngano huru magamba. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti "Shoko ..." rinoshandiswa, uye kare mungano. Munyori rinodana machinda vazukuru Dazhdbog, Bojana - muzukuru Veles, mhepo dzinonzi vanakomana Stribog. Reference ari Akaitawo zvisikwa zvakadai Karna uye Zhel, kutevedzera kusuruvara uye waperawo anonzi guru mwari Horse. Hazvina kujeka kuti Troyan - kungava mambo weRoma, kana vimbiso kumaguta Greek, kuchengeta kukombwa makore gumi, kana iri nakisisa Vanamwari Slavs. Izvi zvinopa chikonzero chokudavira kuti kunyange pakupera wegumi nemiviri remakore, kana zvakanyorwa, "Shoko ...," vanhu vachiri havana kukanganwa vamwari vavo vechihedheni, uye vakanamata kwavari ari ndima naMwari yechiKristu.

Ndiani muvambi?

Basa mukuru "Turika". munyori wayo ainyatsoziva ukama pakati pamachinda, upenyu mukati Russia. Asi iye rinotsanangura nemashoko akadzama yenzendo, anofambisa kuti Igor wakaita muhondo. Rinopa kodzero kufunga kuti aiitawo muchiuto pamushandirapamwe yakanga druzhina kana pedyo kumutungamiriri. Chokwadi, kungotaura zita munhu uyu hazvibviri nhasi.

Versions uye kufungidzira

Yokunyora nokudhirowa yake yaakaberekerwa (Kiev, ari steppes pakati ari Seversky Donets uye uda) izere "Turika". Munyori angave akafamba mugove Russia, saka anoziva nzvimbo zvakanaka. Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti basa rakanyorwa Kirill Turovsky, Prince Igor pachake, Vladimir Guru, kana mwanasikana Svyatoslav Vselodovicha Boleslav. Pane shanduro basa aburuka munhau, akanyora Peter Boyar Borislavovich kubva Kiev, iyo inotaurwa Ipatiev pasi. Asi vamwe vanyori venhoroondo vanofunga kuti kunzwisisa basa rakadaro ane vanyori dzakawanda, kwete mumwe. Kune avo anodavira "Shoko ..." Unhu nyepera, kwete chaiyo zvenhoroondo gwaro, kunyanya nokuti yepakutanga havana kusvika nguva yedu. Asi kuti zvingaita sezvakadaro, kuti nhetembo musiki akaita basa guru, iro inosiya hapana hanya.

panzvimbo imwe epilogue

The chigadzirwa anofanira kuverengwa ose munhu - zvakazara, mumutauro wepakutanga.