Rodrigo Borgia - Papa chiSpanish mhando Borgia rechipiri

Future Pope Rodrigo Borgia akazvarwa muna Aragon. chigaro chake akava nomukurumbira nokuti kuti akapa nyika vamwe vatongi veguta Gandia, uyewo gumi ari mukuru varemekedzwa yeRoma Church.

mhuri

Mhuri ngano ane nayo kuti genus Borgia zvakatangwa mwanakomana mumwe wemadzimambo yeNavarre. Nechekare vatakuri zita iri rokutanga vaiva Knights, vakagamuchira minda pashure vaMuslim akadhindwa kumaodzanyemba Valencia. Borgia aiva achazoburuka wokutanga Xativa (apo Rodrigo akaberekwa muna 1431), uye gare gare atenga kubudikidza muguta Gandia.

Babamunini mwana zvakazoonekwa kuti Cardinal Alfonso, uyo akazova Pope Calixto III. Izvi mucherechedzo njodzi Rodrigo Borgia. Akaenda kuvaka basa rake muRoma. Muna 1456 akava mufundisi weChechi.

Kutamira kuRoma

Hapana mubvunzo kuti munhu kugadzwa yakadaro yakaitwa ivepo kwokubatana mhuri. Kunyange zvakadaro, vechiduku Cardinal wakadzikwa pachake somunhu unyanzvi murongi uye mutariri. Saka, munguva pfupi akava mutevedzeri chanzera. matarenda ake vakaita mushumiri Chechi yakakurumbira ndeuke wekusingaperi City. Saka, pamwe nerimwe papa itsva akasimuka vachiwedzera mikana kuva chinotevera papa. Uyezve, kwemakore ane mufundisi uye mutevedzeri chanzera Rodrigo Borgia mari yakawanda (akatungamirira abbeys), zvakamupa wokuwedzera nhumbi simba.

Pope sarudzo

Gold akatora chinzvimbo Cardinal muna 1492 apo Innocent VIII afa. Rodrigo Borgia akazivisa candidacy kwake chigaro St. Peter. Aiva vakwikwidzi shoma. The conclave nokuti Borgia vovhotera isingasviki hafu electors, izvo kunyimwa naye mukana wokuva Pope. Zvadaro akatanga chiokomuhomwe vorongerwa ake uye vafundisi.

Izvi anonyanya zvakakanganisa simba bhishopu Sforza. Akanga avimbiswa mumhanyi idzva Erlau, uyewo ane rupo mubayiro. musarudzo iyi akabva munhangemutange rokuti uye akatanga paumba kuti Rodrigo Borgia. Biography pamusoro Cardinal akanga kwomuenzaniso, kwemakore akawanda kuti zvinobudirira nezvinetso vakanga inopisa chigaro pamberi pake. Saizvozvowo, vakanga bribed nemamwe vafundisi. Somugumisiro ari Spaniard wacho 14 nesarudzo mavhoti kubva 23. Abereka papa, akasarudza zita Alexander VI.

vatorwa negwaro

Zvisinei, papa itsva vaiva vavengi. mutungamiri wavo akatendeuka kubva kuva Cardinal Della Rovere mhando. Iye vaishora Pope mutsva pachena. Alexander aikurumidza mhirizhonga, uye mufananidzo weChechi vakatizira yakavakidzana France. Panguva ino pane mitemo Charles VII pamusoro Valois. French madzimambo mumakore vakaedza kufurira chii chiri kuitika Apennines. Izvi hanya zvose zvenyama simba vemo vatongi diki rinoti, uye Catholic pachigaro, kuti boka kubatwa vanotongwa namambo.

Della Rovere abvume Charles kuti Pope mutsva asingadi anoenderana zvavo hweHIV. Key akayambira Alexander kuti achauya kuRoma uye kuti iye dzosa kana kanenge kuvandudza mukati Church, razova inoita unyengeri uye pakudzorwa avapristi panguva ino. VaKristu vakawanda pamusana tsika Kutengesa dzezvivi uye zveutungamiri mukati sangano.

Chimwe chinokosha Italian mutambi aiva Umambo Naples munzvimbo yezvematongetwo. vatongi varo fluctuated kumativi. Pakupedzisira, Pope Rodrigo Borgia nechokwadi ikoko raitonga hwedzinza Gonzaka kumubatsira mukurwisa French, kunyanya sezvo vakatyisidzira Naples. Mukuwedzera, Papa vakanochengeta kutsigira dzimwe Catholic madzimambo - mambo Mutsvene hweRoma uye Mambo Aragon.

Alexander aifanirawo kusiya pfungwa chitsvene hondo Turkish Sultan, uyo pangozi yose Europe kubva kumabvazuva. Akatoratidza akakunda Constantinople - guta guru Byzantine Empire, uye zvino simba Balkan inoti vasingagoni kumutadzisa nokupinda nechisimba chete Italy. The Pope, sezvo musoro yevaKaturike zvose, vaigona kuva mutungamiriri kuramba yakakuwandira wechiMuzirimu, sezvo vamutangira zvaitwa pamazuva muHondo. Asi anopesana France hayaimubvumira kuziva pfungwa iyi.

kubvuta French

An kurwisana nezvombo, izvo akazozivikanwa sezvo Italian War First historiography. Nguva yaratidza kuti akatsemura Peninsula akava nhandare yairwisana ari pedyo masimba (kunyanya France uye Habsburgs) rine kwemazana emakore anoverengeka.

Asi kana ari Wokusingaperi City mirayiro Pope Rodrigo Borgia, hondo airatidzika kuva chinhu kubva zvavo. On kurutivi Valois kwaibatsira inifanduri Swiss uye Piedmont. Kana French mayambuka Alps, ivo vakabatsirana avo vokuItaly vatsigiri.

Invaders dzakakwanisa kusvika Naples uye kunyange kutora Rome. Zvisinei, chirongwa kwakaratidza kuti French haana kutarisira kuwana midzi utsinye Peninsula. Naizvozvo, mambo akasaina runyararo chibvumirano vorongerwa ayo. Asi zvakanga yapera - the kusaenzana simba Italy zvakakonzera chidzoke vomunharaunda hondo dzakawanda pakati guta-States. The Pope agara achiedza kuva kure kurwa ichi, mari kubva yakavakidzana kunetsana.

Mararamiro

Active vatorwa wokuti Papa haana kumutadzisa kuita uye dzimwe nyaya. Mavari, iye kwazvo kudzidza unyanzvi chivande. Mumwe wake kufarira zvishandiso akanga vachipa kubuda nguwani vafundisi vakavimbika kwaari vanhu hwakamubvumira kuramba tichishandisa kugadzikana kwavo mamiriro kusvikira parufu rwake.

MuRoma uye vakatevera Europe yose vakaenda zvisingafadzi nerunyerekupe unzenza papa uye dare rake. Kazhinji akati kuti Rodrigo Aleksandr Bordzhia, kunyange zvavo mamiriro, havasiyi kubva pabonde, uye nezvimwe zviito zhinji havasi kuri kuna papa. vana vake sababa vake. kufarira mwanakomana Alexander Juan Rakazobatwa akafa muna Tiber. Akaurayiwa nokuda mumwe zhinji kunopesana simba kwezvakatipoteredza. Plots uye chivande muRoma vava chenhando. Pope Enemies akafa chepfu kana zvirwere "kusingatarisirwi".

Alexander VI akafa muna 1503. Iye kubwinya vakasara chimwe chezvinhu ndararama navabati St. Peter. Kusvikira ikozvino, vatsvakurudzi haagoni kusvika ronga mhedziso, umo akafa - kubva chando uye fivha kana muchetura.

Asi Borgia vaiwana zvakawanda dzokurumbidza. Kakawanda vakanga nechokuita ake philanthropic mabasa muRoma, iro rave zvibvire kunokwana guru mari pachavo.