Reserve Fund uye National Welfare Fund Russia

upfumi Mumwe nyore kunge imwe kumucheto yakachengeteka. Kana nhoroondo simba Russian, ipapo inotevera kutenderera ari pamusoro nhasi. Pakutanga vakatsigira upfumi guru ehurumende Kudzikamiswa Fund, akasikwa 2004. Muna 2008, kwakanga restructured zvachose uye kunzi Reserve Fund uye National Welfare Fund. Akaita ndaisagona kuenderera chirongwa "kukura bhajeti", akasikwa 1998 nemari pamwero mukuru maindasitiri zvirongwa kuti vaifanira kuita basa injini mudambudziko.

The chikuru Pfungwa Kudzikamiswa Fund

"Development bhajeti" itsva nemanyorerwo ari Kudzikamiswa Fund inopesana chose kuti chinokosha pfungwa racho. It kwaibva paumbwe kuchengeterwa, iyo aifanira kuripa, kana zvakakodzera, kuti bhajeti dhefisiti nokuda zvaisafungidzirwa donhwe mitengo mafuta, mbereko wokunzwa dhora zveminda kubva okutengesa mafuta. Kudzora mitengo yaifanira nekuvongwa mari dzimwe zvinhu. In svikiro rokuti, kuti Kudzikamiswa Fund vaifanira kuchengeterwa kuchaitwa matambudziko chokuita mari maumbirwo paruzhinji pensions. Kutaura zvazviri Reserve Fund uye National Welfare Fund chiito sechinhu kushandiswa mari mari, iro achishingaira kushandiswa nhasi kuti kudzikamisa hurumende bhajeti iri kurasikirwa nemari. Iye anogona kushandiswa mune hurumende zvinodiwa, asi nokufamba kwenguva.

Sei Russian Fund?

Russian Reserve Fund yakaumbwa kuti kwemakumi emakore akawanda nokuti kuti hurumende bhajeti ine kuvimba simba pamusoro ezvinhu nechitarisiko zvinhu. Welfare weHurumende kunobva munyika chinokosha mutengo. Nhasi, kana nyika waiita yakandiomera zvirango kubva Europe uye panguva achitsoropodza yakaderera mari mari mafuta kubva kutengesa zvakanga hune panguva pakupera bhajeti, zvinobatsira kuti tipone nyika vakaunganidza kuchengeterwa. Kunoitawo kuti abate mwero National mari uye inova hwaro Implementation weHurumende kuti mitoro kusvika yevagari. Kana Russia akanga asina reserves, nyika angadai kare nomubvunzo chinonakidza kuti default.

Zvokukura provisioning

Danho rokutanga paumbwe Reserve Fund kwakatangwa muna 2003. Nhoroondo kwave akaumba, izvo vaigamuchira pakupfuwa aina zviwanikwa. Zvadaro tsanangurai kuti rinokosha nhoroondo akatuma rokunzwikwa harina kubva kutengeswa mafuta uye purofiti. Ndiko, vakasara mari mafuta Sales, vasina akapa zvakakwana netariro Zvaifungidzirwa. Danho rechipiri paumbwe kuchengeterwa - ndiko kusikwa Kudzikamiswa Fund muna 2004, yakanga iri chokwadi nhengo yeUnited bhajeti. Nokuti chokuti mumhuri zvoupfumi akanga akasimba kunyorerana kune chinhu pamusika, paumbwe "vakachengeteka chairarirwa" akava chinodiwa kuti mberi kubudirira rwacho. Wokupedzisira danho pakugadzirwa reserves - ndiye Reserve Fund uye National Welfare Fund.

Kudzikamiswa Fund vashandi Economy

Aina rine ehurumende ari yekudyidzana kukanganiswa yakasimba kunyorerana kuti mafuta uye gasi ekisipoti. Mamiriro anoisa inokanganisa mamiriro ehurumende, uye anorova panguva kugadzirwa zvivako, izvo ekisipoti vaifarira. Upfumi akavhara tsime mari dzinongoitika Manyorerwo kuburikidza kwekurasira zvinhu uye mabasa. All kuuya mari Rwako vari nemutemo petrodollars. The Reserve Fund kweRussia nhasi ndiro basa kuunza imwe zvakanakanaka yeUnited bhajeti, sezvo mutengo mafuta nhasi, vanoverengeka mirairo unokosha kuvatumwa wakaradzikwa pamusoro 2014-2017 bhajeti gore. The Foundation ndiye nokusungwa zvakanyanya liquidity, kuderedza inflationary kwechirwere, kubvisa migumisiro yose musika kwechirwere mutengo hikes ose mbishi zvinhu National upfumi. Unogona muchidimbu uye pfungwa huru basa mari matatu:

• Pindana Russian bhajeti dhefisiti.
• Kutadzisa Kugadzirwa Dutch chirwere ari upfumi.
• Mari kuti mudyandigere mari uye bindepinde pakati mudyandigere Fund dhefisiti.

Purpose Fund upfumi uye mari riyerere

Dzidziso - chimwe chinhu, asi tsika uye nhoroondo rinoratidza siyanei chinangwa chengetedza. Reserve Fund vari kutungamirirwa vatevedzere zviri mamiriro kuitwa consumable mhando apo mukuderedza kwemari kubva mafuta uye gasi kwemauto hwenyika. Huwandu reserves hwakagadzwa pa 10% of vanofungidzirwa kuuya fiscal gore GDP. Pakutanga, mari Rwako vari kutungamirirwa Treasury nhoroondo. The zvisipo mari kubva asiri mafuta kwemauto rinosanganisira redirecting mari kuburikidza mafuta uye gasi chinja. Izvi zvinoteverwa kuzadza Reserve Fund. Pashure bhuku chayo anoenderana 10% of vakapiwa mari, mari aibuda iri redirected kuna National Welfare Foundation, izvo zvichaita nekure dhefisiti mudyandigere bhajeti. Reserve Fund anoramba sanganisika kusvikira nguva dzakadai zveminda kubva mafuta uye gasi kwemauto hwenyika uchaderedzwa yekudyidzana. Vazhinji mari dura guru iri dzikwanise mari yesangano uye mari. chikwereti ichi masangano dzakawanda uye kuchengetedzeka, deposits emari masangano dzavatorwa.

Apo aibuda mari vari muuto munyika anoita?

Reserve Fund uye National Welfare Fund aumbwa kwete chete nokuda zvakawandisa purofiti kubva okutengesa mafuta. guta replenishment zvakafanira:

• mutero pamusoro kuchera;
• ekisipoti mabasa pamusoro mbishi mafuta;
• mari kuti mhosva nokuda aina nenhumbi anobudiswa kubva mafuta.

Chimwe tsime kwemari - kunobatsireiko kubva basa okupedzisira. Reserve Fund inotongwa kufungisisa kukura mari pamusoro nomumwe nhoroondo akazarurwa neDare Treasury muna Central Bank. All chikwereti uye debit kwema pamusoro nhoroondo dzaidzidziswa Bazi Finance zvichienderana nemurairo.

Special zvigadziriswe of Fund utariri

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, National Welfare Fund anoita sevamwe batana bhajeti. Panyaya iyi, basa kuchengeterwa mari anoitwa siyanei Manyorerwo kupfuura mari yesangano iri batana bhajeti. The chikuru zvebasa mari zvakanaka kuna avo vakachengeteka, uyewo pakudzikamisa mari pamwero tishandurwe avo zvavo kwenguva. All yesangano umo mari anogona kushandurwa ne zvakajeka ne Budget Code of Russian Federation. Help National Welfare Fund rinowanika pakarepo kana dhefisiti zvakaitika. Information pamusoro risiti uye zvekushandisa mari kubva kuchengeterwa mumwe mwedzi inobudiswa nevezvenhau.

Kukura Russian hurumende nemari

Bazi Finance ave akaudza voruzhinji nezvokuti mumakore maviri apfuura, National Welfare Fund yakawedzera anenge 51,3% uye yakawedzera 72,9% chengetedza Fund. Reserve Fund yakawedzera 2.085 tiririyoni rubles, uye January 1, 2015, pasinei yemamiriro dambudziko raiva mabhiriyoni 4.945. In Dhora nemashoko, zvose kuchengeterwa vanofungidzirwa nenyanzvi pa $ 165 billion. Positive guta yemibairo pakukurirwa mashoko Accounting Chamber, chakarairwa October 2014. Maererano nesangano, apo kuramba nokufamba kuwa muna mitengo mafuta nepamusika dzakawanda uye kudzikisirana youpfumi munyika, Russian National Welfare Fund chichange apera maviri akatevera.

Achangobuda date of Bazi Finance

Musi waApril 1, 2015 ukuru Reserve Fund yakasvika 4.425 tiririyoni rubles, kana mabhiriyoni 75.7 emadhora. National Welfare Fund akaenzana 4,436 tiririyoni rubles, kana mabhiriyoni 74,35 emadhora. Mumwedzi March hwakanyorwa kuderedza FNB bhiriyoni 244 rubles, uye Reserve Fund - mabhiriyoni 295 rubles. Yeuka kuti mukupera March, State Duma kushandisa dambudziko bhajeti, dzakanga waiti ezvinhu disbursement mari. Maererano rokutanga Masvomhu, chitsama kuchengeterwa achava kare kuva pasi sezvo 4,618 tiririyoni rubles pakazopera 2015. Zvinonzi akaronga kupedza anenge mabhiriyoni 864,4 rubles kuti kukura kwezvivako muzvirongwa kuti vavakezve National upfumi.