Reichstag - the Parliament German, uye ndangariro dzedu

Kuti vanhu vedu anoita shoko "Reichstag"? denga ichi utsi, nokuomba "Katyusha" kutinhira kwepfuti, uye vakamhanya dzakafara masitepisi mauto akatakura moto dzvuku mureza. Chiitiko ichi chakanga kuburitswa zvinoyevedza vatungamiriri mafirimu pamusoro hondo kazhinji. Nokuti vose Kupenya vazhinji vavo, ivo plausibility chifananidzo, chakanakisisa dzaishandisa uye unyanzvi vatambi, Zvikamu izvi vachiri muduku emashoko chena dema-uye-vhidhiyo footage yaMakoronike muna 1945.

Reichstag pashure pehondo

Pashure pehondo, nenjodzi iwo chivakwa akasuwa. Kwaita refu akamira chakasakara, kushayikwa nzvimbo apo varwi Soviet akaisa kuhwina mureza. Reichstag, zvichida nhasi hapana aigona kuona, kana kwete mhinduro pokudzorerwa, nevamwe yokuGermany neParamende. Zvakanga zvakafanira kuti abate referendum, paiva vatatu. Pashure pemakore mapfumbamwe mukukunda tsaru matongo chivako akasarudza kuridza kumusoro, kunyange zvazvo ake zvakafanorongwa nharo dzaiva dzinotyisa. Vatsigiri kuparadzwa shongwe yokuGermany Imperial mapurani kunyanya akasimbisa chokwadi kuti chokuita yevaNazi apfuura, apo vavengi vavo akaramba, dzichishandisa ive nharo kuti chinozivikanwa chenhau kuti Adolf Hitler kumbotaura panguva yeparamende pachikuva. Panguva iyoyo yose wevatariri, zvakajeka kana zvakakwana, kuti atsamwe kuti mureza Soviet pamusoro Reichstag, kana pane ndangariro pake. The Kukundwa kwavo nyika, kunyange kana nhoroondo kururamiswa uye musoro, hazvifadzi.

Zvakanga zvisiri kusvikira sixties. Munyori chirongwa ndiponesezve German hurumende akava chiratidzo Paul Baumgarten, uye akaramba nyaya yose Norman Foster.

History chokusika

Germany - duku mamiriro, ndiwo makore ndoda kupfuura United States, tisingatauri Russia. Sezvo nyika chete, izvozvo yave iripo kubvira 1871. Nhoroondo zvakafanana pfupi uye kusununguka wokuGermany: Paramende akatanga basa rayo muna 1884, panguva yaitonga Bismarck. Panguva inotungamirwa inounganidzwa kubva nomumwe mumatunhu uye ukuru munyika paiva pfungwa kuti embody ibwe yemberi rudzi rukuru. Sezvineiwo, magadzirirwo makwikwi vakakunda murongedzeri pakutanga kubva kuRussia, asi ayo Implementation haana akararama, nechikonzero ichi, zvatinofarira hunopiwa vokuGermany ungamupa Paul Wallot, National. The kunonoka akasimuka nokuda kufenda Count Radzinsky, haana kuda kupatsanura nyika kwete uyo, akagamuchira sechipo kubva namambo. mwanakomana wake haana kusiyana tractability, akatsigira misimboti baba vake mushakabvu, asi 1882 akakwanisa abvume kuti Reichstag - nyaya National kukosha, uye nzvimbo zvichiripo kutengesa. ibwe yakatanga zvakachengeterwa Wilhelm I. Vakavaka chivako yakanaka kwemakore gumi.

moto

Vakawanda zviitiko kuzunungusa nyika, asi Hondo Yenyika, iyo yakatanga muna 1914, kudzikatidzwa navo. Zvinorehwa nokuti Germany, zvakaunza kupfuura anosiririsa, uye munyika mhirizhonga rakatanga. The simba Germany vaKomonisiti pamusoro enyika ezvinhu ari maviri uye mavambo gumi anotevera akakura.

Adolf Hitler, vakagamuchira pambiru chanzera kuti vachinetesa maoko vakwegura Hindenburg, akanzwa kutya Left. Zvisinei nokuda chinyakare kudenhwa,, akatambudzika Reichstag - Iye rwakapedza dambudziko nyore. Waiva moto, mhosva iro akanzi ndiye unoranganawo mana, vatatu vokuGermany uye rimwe Dutchman, vaKomonisiti. Chivako vakapisa pasi, akatakura mutoro-hurongwa yaro zvakakomba. Anofungidzirwa vaNazi akaita dzimba, asi achizvidavirira hapana akateerera, hurumende itsva akaita munyika.

Full kudzorerwa kwezvinhu mapurani shongwe Hitler vakasarudza kutevera. aronga haana kusanganisira nenzvimbo hweruzhinji, iyo mutakuri aigona kuva ungano yenyika, uye ndicho zvinoreva shoko "Reichstag".

Nzvimbo siginicha yangu ndichipa vanhu

Vanotyisa kurwa munguva storming kweBerlin opera kuparadzwa, yakatanga muna 1933. On matongo chivakwa, masvingo neshongwe masoja eSoviet akaita zvakawanda kuyeukwa akanyorwa kucherechedza vachirwa nzira (dzimwe nguva kubva Moscow uye Volga). Havasi vose vanotaurwa siginicha yangu ndichipa vanhu vanogona rakabudiswa nokuda lexical zviri vamwe vavo nhasi, asi Red Army ndikamumara choko anenge yakabikwa pamusoro yokugezera. To mbiri nezviremera German, vakawanda nemabhii 1945 kuchiri vakachengetedzwa sechiyeuchidzo kutyisa hondo. Pakanga kunyange panyaya kuchengetedza zvinhu sezvazviri, nokuti pakuvaka kuvazukuru.

The Reichstag akanga reconstructed runa. Kubvira 1972, yava akashanda Institute of German History, denga rakati sandarara, UKURU yemadzibaba muchimiro Nemhaka. A upenyu hutsva kwakatanga muna 1992, mushure reunification pakati Eastern uye Western zvikamu achangobva dzibatane nyika. Zvino Reichstag - nzvimbo dzezvematongerwo enyika zviri kugadziriswa, ndivo nharo, mitemo mamiriro vanogamuchirwa. Zvino akanga zvakare korona nzvimbo anomirira German vanhu. It kwakasimbiswa ayo mapurani British Norman Foster.

Reichstag uye panguva nounyanzvi

Vagari Germany ano, akadzidza muEuropean zvegutsaruzhinji tsika, regai kusimudza mibvunzo pamusoro yakakodzera zvaitika, akadai anomirirwa American Hristo Yavoshevym, vamwe chikonzero, muna 1995, akashandura Reichstag polypropylene firimu sirivha. mamiriyoni mashanu Berlin uye vaenzi akatarira pamberi, kwete kuratidza zvakajeka manzwiro kushamisika chete rakadini uremu polymer (m 60) uye pemvura nzvimbo (100 zviuru. Meter).

Asi achiripo pamusoro itsva Paramende kuvaka chikamu chimwe porusvingo, izvo vanoda kuedza regai kunyange mberi-pfungwa zvikuru vemifananidzo. Inogona kuonekwa pasi läpinäkyvä rukoko ndivo chete akanyorwa masoja-vakundi. Ivo, pasinei dzakawanda inopikisa, akachengeta Foster, last reconstructor Reichstag, pakuyeuka Hondo Huru.