Phloem - chii ichi? Basa, maumbirwo phloem, xylem Kusiyana

Phloem - ndiko chinokosha pamusoro chirimwa tishu. Mumutauro wechiGiriki izwi rinoreva "kuhukura". Sezvo unowanzonzi phloem. Phloem - chinokosha kuburikidza iyo kuchinjwa zvinovaka muviri kuti chirimwa nhengo. Chii maumbirwo zviri? Sei chokufambisa muviri? Chii chakasiyana xylem?

Kuitisa munyama zvinomera: xylem uye phloem

Kutakurirwa zvicherwa uye nemvura dzakasiyana-siyana chirimwa zvakakodzera conductive jira. Inoitwa nezvemarudzi maviri munyama zvakaoma - phloem uye xylem.

Xylitol anonziwo matanda phloem - Zvisinei. Dzinowanzotanga riri pedyo napedyo nevamwe uye dzinoumba matanda conductive (anonziwo vascular fibrous). By yakawiriranwa urongwa xylem uye phloem emit mhando inoverengeka micheka conductive:

1. Kollaterialnye (zvinyama yakabatana mumwe uye riri equidistant kubva axial chikamu chirimwa muviri).
2. Bikollaterialnye (xylem rakombwa phloem migove miviri).
3. Concentric (kana xylem runopoteredza phloem ndiEzekieri).
4. Groove (kana phloem uye xylem kuti nharaunda kunoitika striping).

The nemamiriro phloem

chirimwa phloem - rinokosha mhando rejira conductive, izvo zvinodiwa wokushandura zvinovaka muviri, aumba somugumisiro photosynthesis, kusvikira nhengo yacho chirimwa, apo vari kushandiswa. By mhando chakangomuka rakakamurwa marudzi anotevera:

• chikuru (differential pamusoro procambium);
• yechipiri (aumba kubva cambium).

musiyano wavo chikuru ndechokuti chikuru phloem ndisipo chubhu akaita somwoyo. Zvisinei, avo cellular akafanana ndizvo zvakafanana.

Phloem une zvinotevera muchitokisi mhando:

• nomusero (zvinopa chikuru kuchinjwa nevasori uye havana sero nuclei);
• sclerenchyma (kushumira kutsigira);
• parenchymal (basa sezvo pasi TOUR senga).

The chikuru chinoratidza nomusero masero - kuvapo dzinokosha pores muchitokisi masvingo. mavambo wavo achiri kujeka. Migero vari mudungwe pamwe callose nomusero zvinhu (polysaccharide), izvo zvinogona kuunganidza mavari. Callose anogona occlude hova pamakamuri Somuenzaniso, kana chirimwa ari zororo danho munguva yechando.

phloem senga

Phloem - a rejira, ayo unozununguswa kuramba mhinduro kubva Mahydrocarbon (kunyanya sucrose) aumba somugumisiro photosynthesis. Uyewo, akatamisira assimilates uye metabolites, asi panguva yakaderera kuwanda. vakawanda chinja zvazvingava rinosvika makumi inoverengeka masendimita paawa.

Tama zvinhu zviri kuitwa nhengo apo zvinovaka muviri ari uchipinda kuumbwa, kuti zvikamu zvinomera, apo vari kushandiswa kana stocking. Active zvinhu zviri kune pamidzi, mabukira, mashizha zvichiitika, nhengo dzokubereka nadzo, tubers, Mabumba, rhizomes.

Somugumisiro kuedza, vaongorori vakawana kuti chokufambisa iri kuitwa anyatsoronga masangano kune zvikamu vaya zvirimwa kuti vari pedyo navo. Mukuwedzera, kuchinjwa zvinhu zviri bilateral. Naizvozvo, muti dzakasiyana nguva mumwaka wokukura anogona kuunganidza zvinovaka muviri kana kupedza navo.

Phloem: shanda

Photosynthesis rikaitika chloroplasts mashizha, pamwe nekupinda chezuva. zvigadzirwa zvayo, mvura nezvimwe mapedzero zvicherwa woga nemidzi zvinomera kunokosha kuti nokushanda kwenhengo masero ose. Phloem - ndiwo jira kuti rinopa translocation yavo. Dhaka chokubuda nomusero zvinhu kubva nzvimbo hydrostatic vachimanikidzwa kuti nzvimbo yacho yakaderera ukoshi. Naizvozvo, chikuru kushanda phloem - the senga.

Kusiyana xylem kubva phloem

Pasinei nokuti xylem uye phloem vanoita zvakafanana mabasa uye vari pedyo napedyo, vane misiyano. Uchifamba xylem zvinhu zvinobva mudzi kusvika mashizha. Uyezve, masero vanoumba ichi mhando rejira vari vascular okunze, tracheids, fibers nehuni parenchyma. Xylem anodiwa kuchinjwa mvura pamwe yakanyauka muviri.

Saka phloem - mufananidzo vascular zvinyama hwomuti. Inoshanda uchatamisa zvinovaka muviri kubva nhengo yacho chirimwa, apo vakaumba chinoshingaira vaya zvikamu kwavanofudza zvakachengeterwa kana kuparadzwa. Phloem ine matatu sero mhando - nesefa, sclerenchyma uye parenchymal. Huru senga basa nomusero masero anoshanda chaizvo pores asina nuclei.

Kutapurirana zvinhu zvinogona kuitwa nenzira mbiri, uye ayo kumhanya dzimwe nguva inosvika makumi inoverengeka masendimita paawa. Mumwe rejira conductive, zvakafanana basa kuti phloem, xylem iri. Asi musiyano chavainyanya iri pakuti xylem transports kutungamirirwa mumwe chete (kubva pamidzi kuti nhungirwa) mvura kudaro zvicherwa.