How kukura crystals munyu uye zvimwe zvinhu?

Kuchikoro rabhoritari uye kumba unokwanisa kuwana crystals yakanaka kuroorwa kana anamasumbu crystals duku, vanofukidza zvinhu zvakasiyana (mapepa clip, kunze shinda, bepa Zvidhori). How kukura crystals munyu zvazvichanyungudutswa mvura? Kubva munhu anoda kuti ubvume ichi anonakidza ruzivo, zvaida yakarurama, kufunga, uye kuurayiwa yakarurama mirayiridzo.

Chii crystallization?

Kana Kuparadzwa nefuma mumvura, zvacho vachipinda mhinduro. The neizvi Fani unonzi "crystallization". Izvi Rinobatanidzwa ne kuchinja solubility zviri pafuma panguva tembiricha dzakasiyana. By zvishoma nezvishoma kutonhora zviri crystals kuwa kubva nomuti mhinduro. Maumbirwe zvichizoita nezvimedu akafanana cubes, mangoda unopinza, yakarurama micheto kumeso mumativi. Yakakodzera kuedza zvakasiyana yeimwe: yavaibvisa chloride, shuga, potassium dichromate, mhangura sulphate uye zvimwe zvinhu. Vanopa wakasiyana chimiro uye ruvara crystals. The kupfuura zvinowanika remvura-soluble yeimwe - munyu. The fuma yakachengeteka nevanhu hazvina kuita kuti kutsva neVadzidzi ganda kana mukati mumuviri. Ngationei kuti kutsanya kukura munyu crystals.

anobatsira zvahungava hwakaita zvakavimbika

kuomerera mitemo nyore zvaida apo vachiita ruzivo. Izvi zvichaita kubvumira kuti nokukurumidza kuwana makuru crystals dzinogara chimiro:

• shandisa demineralised kana kwakadonhera mvura ;
• zvinhu zvikure crystals vane solubility wakanaka;
• kupedzera ruzivo nenzira yakachena mugaba;
• yakasvinwa mhinduro (kuburikidza zvichibvira pabepa tauro).

The muitiro unogona kuonekwa, asi kuzunungusa uye kufambisa mudziyo hakufaniri. Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika kuti kukura crystals munyu, saka kuti vane imwe saizi. All zvinoenderana tembiricha panguva iyo mhinduro yakazara uye pamusoro pamberi undissolved nezvimedu uye netsvina.

With kunonoka kutonhora makuru crystals kuwa, uye dzimwe kutsanya - yakawanda svikiro uye duku. Kuchitonhora chirongo pamwe mushonga asara muimba kuchitonhora, kana akaisa mbiya nemvura Ice cubes.

Chii midziyo inodiwa kuti ruzivo?

Lab "Kukudziridza crystals munyu" inogona zvinobudirira akaita pamba. Zvaizoda nyore chaizvo zvinhu uye zvinhu:

• girazi chinu kana beaker (anogona kutora pamahombekombe);
• pani kuti kudziyisa pamusoro kugeza nemvura;
• mbiya nemvura inotonhora, umo zvine inotoda haachandidi;
• coli nokuti vakasvikapowo (girazi kana huni);
• ari fanera uye Sefa bepa (bepa tauro);
• Thermometer mvura;
• mhangura waya, clips;
• shinda;
• aizikirimu kamuti kana penzura;
• polstakana munyu;
• demineralized mvura.

Sei crystals chomunyu? Instruction nokuti rabhoritari basa

Sarudza pachine pamusoro crystals munyu, guru zvokudya, vachanoshumira sezvo mbeu inoramba. Uzvishonge kuti tambo, kuchiisa icho kuomerera kubva aizikirimu (penzura). Apo isa preform ichi uye kundokugadzirirai zvine mhinduro. Zvinoda kushandisa hita. Ngwarira kuti teura mvura inopisa hakuiti kuti kupiswa ne burner.

Progress:

1. Imwe yetea yomunyu muhomwe nechirongo chemvura uye nzvimbo iri kugeza nemvura (90 ° C). Kuramba ide mvura seinään kusvikira zvakakwana pokufa munyu nomugove.
2. Ramba kuwedzera fuma kusvikira urwa. Kufunga kuti pane 100 ° C muna 100 ml mvura yakanga ichiputswa 39,2 g yavaibvisa chloride.
3. Kamwe saturation zvasvika, dzima kudziyisa. Dzinobvisa inopisa mvura kune mumwe bhengi.
4. Usevere munhu kuchiri kudziya mhinduro yakanga Threaded pamwe PARTICIPLE kutanga muitiro.

Kwapera nguva kukura kuva sekristaro yomunyu. Inoda kuti uye Pat rakaoma papepa tauro. Zvinokwanisika kuita kuedza pasina kutangisa ari crystallization kana rezasi shinda akasungirirwa simbi Vanthan. It kuchawedzera crystals. Kana iwe vagodziputira varnish, Vanochengetwa nani.

Sei yebhuruu crystals?

Copper sulfate iri zvikuru soluble mumvura. huru yebhuruu crystals zvinogona yakawedzera kubva fuma iyi. Just chenjerera kuita chiitiko - a muchetura akakura. How kukura crystals ari munyu iri crystalline hydrate yemhangura sulfate? Unogona kukura guru uye tsvarakadenga mapatani, kana ukaisa mu kutangisa mumushonga. Kuti vawane pawo cakes on the yokudira zvishoma pane supersaturated mhinduro hwemhangura sulfate uye rworuboshwe husiku. Kubva vakaparadzana crystals anosarudzwa uya kuti hombe, yakasungirirwa nesirika shinda uye achinyatsotaurira inopisa zvine mhinduro kuitira kuti hazvina kubata masvingo uye pazasi muchirongo. In mhepo hwemhangura sulfate akasungwa mvura runopwa, inova rakachenuruka greenish upfu mhangura sulfate. Zvinofanira kuva vakagadzirira aiyanika nekristaro uye lacquered.

How kukura crystals munyu muchimiro tsamba uye nenhamba?

In mabhanga kugadzirira maererano nemirayiridzo brine, mhangura sulfate, shuga, potassium dichromate (kuti kunosiyana bhodhoro). For chena zvinhu anogona kushandisa chikafu madhayi. Itai nhete waya nemifananidzo kana tsamba. White yeshinda shinda nokungwarira kuchiisa icho. Lower scaffolds ndagadzirira suspensions ari asati dzaserera supersaturated mhinduro kuti havasi kubata pasi uye masvingo nemakeni. A zuva kana kunyange nokukurumidza Zvidhori akafukidzwa crystals. Avabvise mhepo pakaoma pepa tauro uye orifukidza Hauoneki chipikiri wePolish. A pfungwa shoma nokuda akura crystals:

• mharidzo pachikoro pamusoro unoti "Solutions";
• magadzirirwo nemushumo mufambiro rabhoritari basa;
• Kushongedza pepanhau rusvingo pamitambo;
• Kugadzirwa Christmas matoyi for Christmas miti;
• zvipo shamwari, vadzidzisi, vabereki;
• kutanga muunganidzwa pakati akura crystals.